Many-Body Physics with Individually-Controlled Rydberg Atoms

Abstract

Over the last decade, systems of individually-controlled neutral atoms, interacting with each other when excited to Rydberg states, have emerged as a promising platform for quantum simulation of many-body problems, in particular spin systems. Here, we review the techniques underlying quantum gas microscopes and arrays of optical tweezers used in these experiments, explain how the different types of interactions between Rydberg atoms allow a natural mapping onto various quantum spin models, and describe recent results that were obtained with this platform to study quantum many-body physics.

14 pages, 6 figures, 115 references. Invited review in Nature Physics. This is the manuscript as initially submitted; there are only very minor changes in the published version

References in corpus (16)

• Quantum phase transition from a superfluid to a Mott insulator in a gas of ultracold atoms
• Probing many-body dynamics on a 51-atom quantum simulator
• Single-Atom Resolved Fluorescence Imaging of an Atomic Mott Insulator
• An atom-by-atom assembler of defect-free arbitrary 2d atomic arrays
• Single-Spin Addressing in an Atomic Mott Insulator
• Observation of mesoscopic crystalline structures in a two-dimensional Rydberg gas
• Dipole blockade in a cold Rydberg atomic sample
• Storage and control of optical photons using Rydberg polaritons
• Dynamical crystallization in a low-dimensional Rydberg gas
• Coherent Excitation Transfer in a Spin Chain of Three Rydberg Atoms
• Coherent many-body spin dynamics in a long-range interacting Ising chain
• Quantum critical behavior in strongly interacting Rydberg gases
• Single-Atom Addressing in Microtraps for Quantum-State Engineering using Rydberg Atoms
• Coherent and dissipative dynamics of entangled few-body systems of Rydberg atoms
• Spontaneous avalanche dephasing in large Rydberg ensembles
• Fast transport, atom sample splitting, and single-atom qubit supply in two-dimensional arrays of optical microtraps

Cited by in corpus (169)

• Quantum computing with neutral atoms
• A concise review of Rydberg atom based quantum computation and quantum simulation
• Enhanced atom-by-atom assembly of arbitrary tweezers arrays
• Theoretical and Experimental Perspectives of Quantum Verification
• Aharonov-Bohm Caging and Inverse Anderson transition in Ultracold Atoms
• Fast Preparation and Detection of a Rydberg Qubit using Atomic Ensembles
• In-situ equalization of single-atom loading in large-scale optical tweezers arrays
• Single Atoms with 6000-Second Trapping Lifetimes in Optical-Tweezer Arrays at Cryogenic Temperatures
• Controlling two-dimensional Coulomb crystals of more than 100 ions in a monolithic radio-frequency trap
• Analyzing the Rydberg-based omg architecture for ${}^{171}$Yb nuclear spins
• Controlling long ion strings for quantum simulation and precision measurements
• Quantum Information Scrambling in Quantum Many-body Scarred Systems
• Long-Lived Circular Rydberg Qubits of Alkaline-Earth Atoms in Optical Tweezers
• Characterizing the Reproducibility of Noisy Quantum Circuits
• Efficient preparation of 2D defect-free atom arrays with near-fewest sorting-atom moves
• Scalable $W$-type entanglement resource in neutral-atom arrays with Rydberg-dressed resonant dipole-dipole interaction
• Local quench spectroscopy of many-body quantum systems
• Relaxation of the collective magnetization of a dense 3D array of interacting dipolar S=3 atoms
• Spatial Bloch oscillations of a quantum gas in a "beat-note" superlattice
• Fidelity susceptibility as a diagnostic of the commensurate-incommensurate transition: A revisit of the programmable Rydberg chain
• Unselective ground-state blockade of Rydberg atoms for implementing quantum gates
• Dark-state enhanced loading of an optical tweezer array
• High finesse bow-tie cavity for strong atom-photon coupling in Rydberg arrays
• Tensor networks for quantum computing
• Dissipative stabilization of high-dimensional GHZ states for neutral atoms
• Continuous control of classical-quantum crossover by external high pressure in the coupled chain compound CsCuCl${}_3$
• Assembled arrays of Rydberg-interacting atoms
• Transition Slow-Down by Rydberg Interaction of Neutral Atoms and a Fast Controlled-NOT Quantum Gate
• Spin squeezing in an ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond
• Certifying the adiabatic preparation of ultracold lattice bosons in the vicinity of the Mott transition
• Spin-motion coupling in a circular Rydberg state quantum simulator: case of two atoms
• Classification of three-photon states in waveguide quantum electrodynamics
• Interspecies Förster resonances of Rb-Cs Rydberg $d$-states for enhanced multi-qubit gate fidelities
• User-friendly TWA for dissipative spin dynamics
• Benchmarking direct and indirect dipolar spin-exchange interactions between two Rydberg atoms
• Bose-Hubbard model on polyhedral graphs
• Screening nearest-neighbor interactions in networks of exciton-polariton condensates through spin orbit coupling
• Dynamics of a spin qubit in an optical dipole trap
• Ramsey imaging of optical traps
• Long range vortex configurations in generalized models with the Maxwell or Chern-Simons dynamics
• Gaussian-state Ansatz for the non-equilibrium dynamics of quantum spin lattices
• Cuprate Twistronics for Quantum Hardware
• Low-temperature environments for quantum computation and quantum simulation
• Equilibrium and non-equilibrium dynamics of a hole in a bilayer antiferromagnet
• An accordion superlattice for controlling atom separation in optical potentials
• Quantum Natural Gradient optimizer on noisy platforms: QAOA as a case study
• Out-of-equilibrium dynamics across the first-order quantum transitions of one-dimensional quantum Ising models
• Boundary Time Crystals Induced by Local Dissipation and Long-Range Interactions
• Prethermalization of light and matter in cavity-coupled Rydberg arrays
• Microsecond-scale high-survival and number-resolved detection of ytterbium atom arrays
• Topological physics in quantum critical systems
• Quantum Optimization on Rydberg Atom Arrays with Arbitrary Connectivity: Gadgets Limitations and a Heuristic Approach
• Lattice Defects in Rydberg Atom Arrays
• Maximally entangled Rydberg-atom pairs via Landau-Zener sweeps
• Threading an atom with light
• Yang-Lee edge singularity and quantum criticality in non-Hermitian PXP model
• Strong zero-field Förster resonances in K-Rb Rydberg systems
• Rydberg atom arrays as quantum simulators for molecular dynamics
• Gate fidelity, dephasing, and "magic" trapping of optically trapped neutral atom
• Quantum annealing of Cayley-tree Ising spins at small scales
• Classical and Quantum Gases on a Semiregular Mesh
• Adiabatic echo protocols for robust quantum many-body state preparation
• Molecular dipoles in designer honeycomb lattices
• Continuously varying critical exponents in an exactly solvable long-range cluster XY mode
• Many-Body Entanglement in Solid-State Emitters
• Multi-Qubit Parity Gates for Rydberg Atoms in Various Configurations
• Spin-glass quantum phase transition in amorphous arrays of Rydberg atoms
• Dynamical spatial light modulation in the ultraviolet spectral range
• Role of Matter Interactions in Superradiant Phenomena
• Exact mobility edges in quasiperiodic network models with slowly varying potentials
• Quantum low-density parity-check codes for erasure-biased atomic quantum processors
• Forces on alkali Rydberg atoms due to non-linearly polarized light
• Classical fracton spin liquid and Hilbert space fragmentation in a 2D spin-$1/2$ model
• Narrowline cooling of dysprosium atoms in an optical tweezer array
• Topological order in symmetric blockade structures
• Quantum evolution kernel : Machine learning on graphs with programmable arrays of qubits
• Single-atom imaging of ${}^{173}$Yb in optical tweezers loaded by a five-beam magneto-optical trap
• Time-Optimal Two- and Three-Qubit Gates for Rydberg Atoms
• Tailoring nuclear spins order with defects: a Quantum Technology CAD study
• Random displacements in critical Rydberg atom arrays
• Probing spin-motion coupling of two Rydberg atoms by a Stern-Gerlach-like experiment
• Optimized readout strategies for neutral atom quantum processors
• Critical Exponent of Dynamical Quantum Phase Transition in One-Dimensional Bose-Hubbard Model in the Strong Interacting Limit
• Fast, accurate, and predictive method for atom detection in site-resolved images of microtrap arrays
• Symmetry-deformed toric codes and the quantum dimer model
• Generation of Motional Squeezed States for Neutral Atoms in Optical Tweezers
• Predicting fermionic densities using a Projected Quantum Kernel method
• Preparing spin-squeezed states in Rydberg atom arrays via quantum optimal control
• Blackbody radiation Zeeman shift in Rydberg atoms
• Frustrated Rydberg Atom Arrays Meet Cavity-QED: Emergence of the Superradiant Clock Phase
• Topological Defects from Quantum Reset Dynamics
• Barium-based Rydberg atom quantum technologies with long Rydberg coherence
• Diagnostics of Hilbert space fragmentation, freezing transition, and its effects in the family of quantum East models involving varying range of constraints
• Nonequilibrium Critical Scaling of a Squeezing Phase Transition
• Bulk and Boundary Quantum Phase Transitions in a Square Rydberg Atom Array
• Single Sr Atoms in Optical Tweezer Arrays for Quantum Simulation
• Simulating dynamics of the two-dimensional transverse-field Ising model: a comparative study of large-scale classical numerics
• Quantum science with arrays of metastable helium-3 atoms
• Microscopic Rydberg electron orbit manipulation with optical tweezers
• Measurement-Induced Phase Transition in a Disordered XX Spin Chain: A Real-Space Renormalization Group Study
• Optically trapped Feshbach molecules of fermionic ${}^{161}$Dy and ${}^{40}$K: Role of light-induced and collisional losses
• Quantum simulation of fermionic non-Abelian lattice gauge theories in $(2+1)$D with built-in gauge protection
• Autler-Townes spectroscopy of a Rydberg ladder
• Tailoring interaction ranges in atom arrays
• Configurable photonic simulator for quantum field dynamics
• Quantum foundations for quantum technologies in the International Year of Quantum (2025)
• Integrals of motion as slow modes in dissipative many-body operator dynamics
• Chiral phases and dynamics of dipoles in triangular optical ladders
• Magnon Nesting in Driven Two-Dimensional Quantum Magnets
• Thermodynamics and Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid behavior of the quantum 1D hard rod model
• Reciprocal Floquet thermalization in one-dimensional Rydberg atom array
• Signatures of quantum chaos and complexity in the Ising model on random graphs
• Graph Coloring via Quantum Optimization on a Rydberg-Qudit Atom Array
• Geometric Quantum Gates of Non-closed Paths Under Counterdiabatic Driving
• Deconfined quantum criticality on a triangular Rydberg array
• High-temperature partition functions and classical simulatability of long-range quantum systems
• Lattice Surgery Compilation Beyond the Surface Code
• ScarFinder: a detector of optimal scar trajectories in quantum many-body dynamics
• Family of self-dual quasicrystals with critical Phases
• Role of mechanical effects on the excitation spectra of microwave-dressed Rydberg states in a cold atomic cloud
• Removal of high-voltage-induced surface charges by ultraviolet light
• Resonant dynamics of spin cluster in a periodically driven one-dimensional Rydberg lattice
• Quantum quenches across continuous and first-order quantum transitions in one-dimensional quantum Ising models
• Long-Range Pairing in the Kitaev Model: Krylov Subspace Signatures
• Practical Quantum Reservoir Computing in Rydberg Atom Arrays
• Operator delocalization in disordered spin chains via exact MPO marginals
• Detuning the Floquet anomalous chiral spin liquid
• Higgs and Nambu-Goldstone modes in a spin-1 $XY$ model with long-range interactions
• Pontryagin Maximum Principle for Rydberg-blockaded state-to-state transfers: A semi-analytic approach
• Spin squeezing from bilinear spin-spin interactions: two simple theorems
• Quantum criticality and factorization in a constrained Rydberg spin chain
• Bounded-Error Quantum Simulation via Hamiltonian and Lindbladian Learning
• Phase Structure and Machine Learning Identification in One Dimensional Systems with Power Law Correlated Disorder and Long Range Hopping
• Fractatomic Physics: An Invitation with Atomic Stability and Rydberg States in Fractal Spaces
• Kinetically constrained cavity QED: from blockaded ferromagnetism to long-range quantum scars
• Entanglement-enhanced correlation propagation in the one-dimensional SU($N$) Fermi-Hubbard model
• Hierarchical Fusion Method for Scalable Quantum Eigenstate Preparation
• Astigmatism-free 3D Optical Tweezer Control for Rapid Atom Rearrangement
• Operator dependence and robustness of spacetime-localized response in a quantum critical spin chain
• Quantum Monte Carlo study of low-dimensional Fermi fluids of dipolar atoms
• One-dimensional long-range Ising model: two (almost) equivalent approximations
• Non-destructive optical read-out and manipulation of circular Rydberg atoms
• Strong Disorder Renormalization Group Method for Bond Disordered Antiferromagnetic Quantum Spin Chains with Long Range Interactions: Excited States and Finite Temperature Properties
• Rydberg atoms for electric field gradiometry
• Attributed-graphs kernel implementation using local detuning of neutral-atoms Rydberg Hamiltonian
• Control of Dipolar Dynamics by Geometrical Programming
• Tunable multi-magnon Floquet topological edge states
• Ultracold atomic lattice systems for simulating topological phases: A review
• Spin and thermal current scaling at a $Y$-junction of XX spin chains
• Ultracold high-spin $\Sigma$-state polar molecules for new physics searches
• Crossover in the Ordered Phase in the Non-Mermin-Wagner-Hohenberg Regime of Spin Models with Long-Range Coupling
• Spatial Leggett-Garg inequalities
• Extended Bose-Hubbard Model on Small Grids: Exact Diagonalization and Monte Carlo Studies
• Refining ensemble $N$-representability of one-body density matrices from partial information
• Shortcuts to Analog Preparation of Non-Equilibrium Quantum Lakes
• Apparent bistability from weak long-range interactions
• Observation of effects of inter-atomic interaction on Autler-Townes splitting in cold Rydberg atoms
• Doped resonating-valence-bond states: Robustness of the spin-ice phases in three-dimensional Rydberg arrays
• All-to-all connectivity of Rydberg-atom-based quantum processors with messenger qubits
• Rydberg Atoms in a Ladder Geometry: Quench Dynamics and Floquet Engineering
• Approaching the scaling limit of transport through lattices with dephasing
• Asymmetry analysis of Autler-Townes doublet in the trap-loss fluorescence spectroscopy of cesium MOT with single step Rydberg excitation
• Dynamics of defects and interfaces for interacting quantum hard disks
• A High-Flux Source of Cold Strontium with a Loading Rate of $4\times 10^{10}$ atoms/s for Open Release
• Nonequilibrium phases and quantum correlations in synthetic transport models
• Discrete time crystal order in spin chains enabled by Floquet flat bands
• Generating large-scale Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger-like states in lattice spin systems
• High-resolution spectroscopy of 162Dy Rydberg levels
• Ion-atom two-qubit quantum gate based on phonon blockade