Transition Slow-Down by Rydberg Interaction of Neutral Atoms and a Fast Controlled-NOT Quantum Gate

Abstract

Exploring controllable interactions lies at the heart of quantum science. Neutral Rydberg atoms provide a versatile route toward flexible interactions between single quanta. Previous efforts mainly focused on the excitation annihilation~(EA) effect of the Rydberg blockade due to its robustness against interaction fluctuation. We study another effect of the Rydberg blockade, namely, the transition slow-down~(TSD). In TSD, a ground-Rydberg cycling in one atom slows down a Rydberg-involved state transition of a nearby atom, which is in contrast to EA that annihilates a presumed state transition. TSD can lead to an accurate controlled-{\footnotesize NOT}~({\footnotesize CNOT}) gate with a sub-$\mu$s duration about $2\pi /\Omega +\epsilon$ by two pulses, where $\epsilon$ is a negligible transient time to implement a phase change in the pulse and $\Omega$ is the Rydberg Rabi frequency. The speedy and accurate TSD-based {\footnotesize CNOT} makes neutral atoms comparable~(superior) to superconducting~(ion-trap) systems.

15 pages, 4 figures. Full text can be downloaded by first clicking the title of this work at the site (https://faculty.xidian.edu.cn/SXF/en/lwcg/389995/list/index.htm) and then locating the pdf item

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• Fast nuclear-spin gates and electrons-nuclei entanglement of neutral atoms in weak magnetic fields
• Fast nuclear-spin entangling gates compatible with large-scale atomic arrays
• Rydberg wire gates for universal quantum computation