Long-Lived Circular Rydberg Qubits of Alkaline-Earth Atoms in Optical Tweezers

Abstract

Coherence time and gate fidelities in Rydberg atom quantum simulators and computers are fundamentally limited by the Rydberg state lifetime. Circular Rydberg states are highly promising candidates to overcome this limitation by orders of magnitude, as they can be effectively protected from decay due to their maximum angular momentum. We report the first realization of alkaline-earth circular Rydberg atoms trapped in optical tweezers, which provide unique and novel control possibilities due to the optically active ionic core. Specifically, we demonstrate creation of very high-$n$ ($n=79$) circular states of ${}^{88}$Sr. We measure lifetimes as long as 2.55 ms at room temperature, which are achieved via cavity-assisted suppression of black-body radiation. We show coherent control of a microwave qubit encoded in circular states of nearby manifolds, and characterize the qubit coherence time via Ramsey and spin-echo spectroscopy. Finally, circular state tweezer trapping exploiting the Sr${}^{+}$ core polarizability is quantified via measurements of the trap-induced light shift on the qubit. Our work opens routes for quantum simulations with circular Rydberg states of divalent atoms, exploiting the emergent toolbox associated with the optically active core ion.

11 pages, 6 figures

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• Optical Tweezer Arrays of Erbium Atoms
• Interacting Circular Rydberg Atoms Trapped in Optical Tweezers
• Topological photon pumping in quantum optical systems
• Universal quantum processors in spin systems via robust local pulse sequences
• Magic running- and standing-wave optical traps for Rydberg atoms
• Quadrupole coupling of circular Rydberg qubits to inner shell excitations
• Extended Rydberg Lifetimes in a Cryogenic Atom Array
• Two-photon cooling of calcium atoms
• Tunable two-species spin models with Rydberg atoms in circular and elliptical states
• Tailoring interaction ranges in atom arrays
• Rydberg-atom manipulation through strong interaction with free electrons
• Microscopic Rydberg electron orbit manipulation with optical tweezers
• Programmable order by disorder effect and underlying phases through dipolar quantum simulators
• Non-destructive optical read-out and manipulation of circular Rydberg atoms
• Geometric phase in anisotropic Kepler problem: Perspective for realization in Rydberg atoms
• One-step preparation of 3D Bell and 3D GHZ states with Rydberg atoms