Angular momentum and morphological sequence of massive galaxies through Dark Sage

Abstract

We study the present-day connection between galaxy morphology and angular momentum using the {\sc Dark Sage} semi-analytic model of galaxy formation. For galaxies between $10^{11}-10^{12}{\mathrm{M}}_{\odot }$ in stellar mass, the model successfully predicts the observed trend whereby galaxies with more prominent disks exhibit higher {\em stellar} disk specific angular momentum ($j_{\mathrm{stellar},\mathrm{disk}}$) at fixed stellar mass. However, when we include the gas in the disk, bulge-dominated galaxies have the highest {\em total} disk specific angular momentum ($j_{\mathrm{total},\mathrm{disk}}$). We attribute this to a large contribution from an extended disk of cold gas in typical bulge-dominated galaxies. We find the relationship between $j_{\mathrm{darkmatter}}$ and morphology to be quite complex. Surprisingly, in this stellar mass range, not only do bulge-dominated galaxies tend to live in halos with higher $j_{\mathrm{darkmatter}}$ than disk-dominated galaxies, but intermediate galaxies (those with roughly equal fractions of bulge and disk mass) have the lowest $j_{\mathrm{darkmatter}}$ of all. Yet, when controlling for halo mass, rather than stellar mass, the relationship between $j_{\mathrm{darkmatter}}$ and morphology vanishes. Based on these results, halo mass rather than angular momentum is the main driver of the predicted morphology sequence at high masses. In fact, in our stellar mass range, disk-dominated galaxies live in dark matter halos that are roughly 1/10th the mass of their bulge-dominated counterparts.

arXiv comment11 pages, 9 figures, submitted to ApJ

References in corpus (92)

• SciPy 1.0--Fundamental Algorithms for Scientific Computing in Python
• Astropy: A Community Python Package for Astronomy
• The NumPy array: a structure for efficient numerical computation
• First Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Determination of Cosmological Parameters
• The cosmological simulation code GADGET-2
• Simulating the joint evolution of quasars, galaxies and their large-scale distribution
• The many lives of active galactic nuclei: cooling flows, black holes and the luminosities and colours of galaxies
• The Origin of the Mass--Metallicity Relation: Insights from 53,000 Star-Forming Galaxies in the SDSS
• Populating a cluster of galaxies - I. Results at z=0
• The broken hierarchy of galaxy formation
• The Formation of Galactic Disks
• The Dependence of Star Formation History and Internal Structure on Stellar Mass for 10^5 Low-Redshift Galaxies
• UniverseMachine: The Correlation between Galaxy Growth and Dark Matter Halo Assembly from z=0-10
• From dwarf spheroidals to cDs: Simulating the galaxy population in a LCDM cosmology
• A Unified Model for the Evolution of Galaxies and Quasars
• A Semi-Analytic Model for the Co-evolution of Galaxies, Black Holes, and Active Galactic Nuclei
• The Galaxy Luminosity Function and Luminosity Density at Redshift z=0.1
• A Comprehensive Analysis of Uncertainties Affecting the Stellar Mass - Halo Mass Relation for 0<z<4
• Clustering of Galaxies in a Hierarchical Universe: I. Methods and Results at z=0
• A universal angular momentum profile for galactic halos
• A Recipe for Galaxy Formation Shaun Cole
• The Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA Survey: I. Science Goals, Survey Design and Strategy
• Galaxy formation in the Planck Cosmology - I. Matching the observed evolution of star formation rates, colours and stellar masses
• The Nature of High-Redshift Galaxies
• The Structure of Dark Matter Haloes in Hierarchical Clustering Models
• Concentration, Spin and Shape of Dark Matter Haloes: Scatter and the Dependence on Mass and Environment
• The GALEX Arecibo SDSS Survey. I. Gas Fraction Scaling Relations of Massive Galaxies and First Data Release
• The HIPASS catalogue: Omega_HI and environmental effects on the HI mass function of galaxies
• Early Evolution of Disk Galaxies : Formation of Bulges in Clumpy Young Galactic Disks
• Kinematic Structure of Merger Remnants
• Galacticus: A Semi-Analytic Model of Galaxy Formation
• GALICS I: A hybrid N-body semi-analytic model of hierarchical galaxy formation
• Stellar mass -- halo mass relation and star formation efficiency in high-mass halos
• The Millennium Galaxy Catalogue: morphological classification and bimodality in the colour-concentration plane
• Bulge n and B/T in High Mass Galaxies: Constraints on the Origin of Bulges in Hierarchical Models
• Angular momentum and galaxy formation revisited
• Semi-Analytic Galaxy Evolution (SAGE): Model Calibration and Basic Results
• Bulge mass is king: The dominant role of the bulge in determining the fraction of passive galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• Cosmic Chemical Evolution
• On the galaxy stellar mass function, the mass-metallicity relation, and the implied baryonic mass function
• Unequal-mass galaxy mergers and the creation of cluster S0 galaxies
• The Effects of Gas on Morphological Transformation in Mergers: Implications for Bulge and Disk Demographics
• The role of mergers and halo spin in shaping galaxy morphology
• Rigging dark halos: why is hierarchical galaxy formation consistent with the inside-out build-up of thin discs?
• The Effect of Gas Fraction on the Morphology and Time-scales of Disc Galaxy Mergers
• Feedback and the Structure of Simulated Galaxies at redshift z=2
• Dark Interactions and Cosmological Fine-Tuning
• Mapping galaxy encounters in numerical simulations: The spatial extent of induced star formation
• CO Luminosity Functions For FIR and B-band Selected Galaxies and the First Estimate for Omega_{HI+H2}
• Quantifying the impact of mergers on the angular momentum of simulated galaxies
• Fundamental Mass-Spin-Morphology Relation of Spiral Galaxies
• The Supermassive Black Hole Mass - Spheroid Stellar Mass Relation for Sérsic and Core-Sérsic Galaxies
• A First Attempt to Calibrate the Baryonic Tully-Fisher Relation with Gas Dominated Galaxies
• Angular Momentum and Galaxy Formation Revisited: Effects of Variable Mass-to-light Ratios
• The IBIS soft gamma-ray sky after 1000 INTEGRAL orbits
• Angular momentum properties of haloes and their baryon content in the Illustris simulation
• The Effect of Structure and Star Formation on the Gas Content of Nearby Galaxies
• Zooming in on major mergers: dense, starbursting gas in cosmological simulations
• Building disc structure and galaxy properties through angular momentum: The DARK SAGE semi-analytic model
• The Angular Momentum Distribution of Gas and Dark Matter in Galactic Halos
• Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): the Stellar Mass Budget by Galaxy Type
• Extended, regular HI structures around early-type galaxies
• The angular momentum-mass relation: a fundamental law from dwarf irregulars to massive spirals
• Angular Momentum and Galaxy Formation Revisited: Scaling Relations for Disks and Bulges
• EVLA Observations of Galactic Supernova Remnants: Wide-field Continuum and Spectral-index Imaging
• Observing the End of Cold Flow Accretion using Halo Absorption Systems
• Times, environments and channels of bulge formation in a LambdaCDM cosmology
• X-Ray Clusters in a CDM$+\Lambda$ Universe: A Direct, Large-Scale, High Resolution, Hydrodynamic Simulation
• How to get cool in the heat: comparing analytic models of hot, cold, and cooling gas in haloes and galaxies with EAGLE
• On the Correlation between Spin Parameter and Halo Mass
• The growth of disks and bulges during hierarchical galaxy formation. I: fast evolution vs secular processes
• Comparing galaxy formation in semi-analytic models and hydrodynamical simulations
• Physical drivers of galaxies' cold-gas content: exploring environmental and evolutionary effects with DARK SAGE
• Origin of the galaxy HI size-mass relation
• The HIX galaxy survey II: HI kinematics of HI eXtreme galaxies
• Cold gas in massive early-type galaxies: The case of NGC 1167
• Connecting and dissecting galaxies' angular momenta and neutral gas in a hierarchical universe: cue DARK SAGE
• Structural and Dynamical Properties of Galaxies in a Hierarchical Universe: Sizes and Specific Angular Momenta
• On the Classification of UGC1382 as a Giant Low Surface Brightness Galaxy
• ESO 381-47, an early-type galaxy with extended HI and a star forming ring
• Conservation Laws in Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics: the DEVA Code
• xGASS: The Impact of Photometric Bulges on the Scatter of HI Scaling Relations
• Angular Momentum of Dwarf Galaxies
• The Fundamental Relation between Halo Mass and Galaxy Group Properties
• Revisiting the stellar mass -- angular momentum -- morphology relation: extension to higher bulge fraction, and the effect of bulge type
• ECO and RESOLVE: Galaxy Disk Growth in Environmental Context
• Accuracy of Mesh Based Cosmological Hydrocodes: Tests and Corrections
• Morphological evolution and galactic sizes in the L-Galaxies SA model
• Dark-ages Reionization and Galaxy Formation Simulation -- XVII. Sizes, angular momenta and morphologies of high redshift galaxies
• The Evolution of Sizes and Specific Angular Momenta in Hierarchical Models of Galaxy Formation and Evolution
• GECO: Galaxy Evolution COde - A new semi-analytical model of galaxy formation
• Angular momentum evolution of bulge stars in disc galaxies in NIHAO

Cited by in corpus (1)

• Why do semi-analytic models predict higher scatter in the stellar mass-halo mass relation than cosmological hydrodynamic simulations?