Baseline predictions of elliptic flow and fluctuations at the RHIC Beam Energy Scan using response coefficients

Abstract

Currently the RHIC Beam Energy Scan is exploring a new region of the Quantum Chromodynamic phase diagram at large baryon densities that approaches nuclear astrophysics regimes. This provides an opportunity to study relativistic hydrodynamics in a regime where the net conserved charges of baryon number, strangeness, and electric charge play a role, which will significantly change the theoretical approach to simulating the baryon-dense Quark-Gluon Plasma. Here we detail many of the important changes needed to adapt both initial conditions and the medium to baryon-rich matter. Then, we make baseline predictions for the elliptical flow and fluctuations based on extrapolating the physics at LHC and top RHIC energies to support future analyses of where and how the new baryon-dense physics causes these extrapolations to break down. First we compare eccentricities across beam energies, exploring their underlying assumptions; we find the the extrapolated initial state is predicted to be nearly identical to that at AuAu $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV. Then the final flow harmonic predictions are based on linear+cubic response. We discuss preliminary STAR results in order to determine the implications that they have for linear+cubic response coefficients at the lowest beam energy of AuAu $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=7$ GeV.

35 pages, 19 figures

References in corpus (25)

• Alternative ansatz to wounded nucleon and binary collision scaling in high-energy nuclear collisions
• Triangularity and Dipole Asymmetry in Heavy Ion Collisions
• Freeze-out conditions from net-proton and net-charge fluctuations at RHIC
• Effects of fluctuations on the initial eccentricity from the Color Glass Condensate in heavy ion collisions
• Correlations from hydrodynamic flow in p-Pb collisions
• Constraining the Eq. of State of Super-Hadronic Matter from Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Estimation of the shear viscosity at finite net-baryon density from A+A collision data at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=7.7-200$ GeV
• Critical point in the phase diagram of primordial quark-gluon matter from black hole physics
• Freeze-out parameters from electric charge and baryon number fluctuations: is there consistency?
• Imprints of fluctuating proton shapes on flow in proton-lead collisions at the LHC
• Eccentricity fluctuations from the Color Glass Condensate at RHIC and LHC
• Breaking of factorization of two-particle correlations in hydrodynamics
• Bulk viscosity-driven suppression of shear viscosity effects on the flow harmonics at RHIC
• A kinetic regime of hydrodynamic fluctuations and long time tails for a Bjorken expansion
• Baryon-Baryon Interactions in the Flavor SU(3) Limit from Full QCD Simulations on the Lattice
• Viscous Effects on the Mapping of the Initial to Final State in Heavy Ion Collisions
• Helicity Evolution at Small $x$: Flavor Singlet and Non-Singlet Observables
• Multi-particle and charge-dependent azimuthal correlations in heavy-ion collisions at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider
• Bulk and shear viscosities of hot and dense hadron gas
• Event simulation based on three-fluid hydrodynamics for collisions at energies available at the Dubna Nuclotron-based Ion Collider Facility and at the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research in Darmstadt
• Shape and flow fluctuations in ultra-central Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC
• Hydrodynamic Predictions for Mixed Harmonic Correlations in 200 GeV Au+Au Collisions
• Transverse momentum structure of pair correlations as a signature of collective behavior in small collision systems
• Hadronic "flow" in p--Pb collisions at the Large Hadron Collider?
• Ultracentral Collisions of Small and Deformed Systems at RHIC: $UU$, $dAu$, ${}^{9}BeAu$, ${}^{9}Be{}^{9}Be$, ${}^{3}He{}^{3}He$, and ${}^{3}HeAu$ Collisions

Cited by in corpus (14)

• Theoretical and Experimental Constraints for the Equation of State of Dense and Hot Matter
• (3+1)-D viscous hydrodynamics CLVisc at finite net baryon density: identified particle spectra, anisotropic flows and flow fluctuations across BES energies
• ${}^{16}{\mathrm{O}}^{16}\mathrm{O}$ at RHIC and the LHC comparing $\alpha$ clustering vs substructure
• Critical lensing and kurtosis near a critical point in the QCD phase diagram in and out-of-equilibrium
• Jet Drift and Collective Flow in Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Impact of nuclear deformation on collective flow observables in relativistic U+U collisions
• Collision-System and Beam-Energy Dependence of Anisotropic Flow Fluctuations
• Statistical analysis of initial state and final state response in heavy-ion collisions
• Hydrodynamic fluctuations and ultra-central flow puzzle in heavy-ion collisions
• Pre-Equilibrium Evolution of Conserved Charges with ICCING Initial Conditions
• Impact of Multiplicity Fluctuations on Entropy Scaling Across System Size
• System size and shape dependences of collective flow fluctuations in relativistic nuclear collisions
• Probing Nuclear Geometry through Multi-Particle Azimuthal Correlations and Rapidity-Even Dipolar Flow in ${}^{16}$O+${}^{16}$O Collisions
• Event-shaped-dependent cumulants in p-Pb collisions at 5.02 TeV