Optical spin-wave storage in a solid-state hybridized electron-nuclear spin ensemble

Abstract

Solid-state impurity spins with optical control are currently investigated for quantum networks and repeaters. Among these, rare-earth-ion doped crystals are promising as quantum memories for light, with potentially long storage time, high multimode capacity, and high bandwidth. However, with spins there is often a tradeoff between bandwidth, which favors electronic spin, and memory time, which favors nuclear spins. Here, we present optical storage experiments using highly hybridized electron-nuclear hyperfine states in ${}^{171}$Yb${}^{3+}$:Y${}_2$SiO${}_5$, where the hybridization can potentially offer both long storage time and high bandwidth. We reach a storage time of 1.2 ms and an optical storage bandwidth of 10 MHz that is currently only limited by the Rabi frequency of the optical control pulses. The memory efficiency in this proof-of-principle demonstration was about 3%. The experiment constitutes the first optical storage using spin states in any rare-earth ion with electronic spin. These results pave the way for rare-earth based quantum memories with high bandwidth, long storage time and high multimode capacity, a key resource for quantum repeaters.

12 pages, 8 figures

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• Development of Quantum InterConnects for Next-Generation Information Technologies
• Coherent control and single-shot readout of a rare-earth ion embedded in a nanophotonic cavity
• Heralded entanglement distribution between two absorptive quantum memories
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• Storage of photonic time-bin qubits for up to 20 ms in a rare-earth doped crystal
• Remote distribution of non-classical correlations over 1250 modes between a telecom photon and a ${}^{171}$Yb${}^{3+}$:Y${}_2$SiO${}_5$ crystal
• GHz detection rates and dynamic photon-number resolution with superconducting nanowire arrays
• Multimode capacity of atomic-frequency comb quantum memories
• A long-lived solid-state optical quantum memory for high-rate quantum repeaters
• Multimode storage of quantum microwave fields in electron spins over 100 ms
• Quantum storage of entangled photons at telecom wavelengths in a crystal
• Robust millisecond coherence times of erbium electron spins
• A Frequency-Multiplexed Coherent Electro-Optic Memory in Rare Earth Doped Nanoparticles
• Superhyperfine induced photon-echo collapse of erbium in Y${}_2$SiO${}_5$
• Coherent optical-microwave interface for manipulation of low-field electronic clock transitions in ${}^{171}$Yb${}^{3+}$:Y${}_2$SiO${}_5$
• Coherence Time Extension by Large Scale Optical Spin Polarization in a Rare-Earth Doped Crystal
• Quantum networks using rare-earth ions
• On-demand multimode optical storage in a laser-written on-chip waveguide
• Gigahertz-Bandwidth Optical Memory in Pr${}^{3+}$:Y${}_2$SiO${}_5$
• Spin echo silencing using a current-biased frequency-tunable resonator
• Quantum Teleportation from Telecom Photons to Erbium-ion Ensembles
• Extending the spin coherence lifetimes of ${}^{167}$Er${}^{3+}$$:$Y${}_2$SiO${}_5$ at subkelvin temperatures
• An Integrated Photon-Pair Source with Monolithic Piezoelectric Frequency Tunability
• Efficient and reversible optical-to-spin conversion for solid-state quantum memories
• Storing vector-vortex states of light in intra-atomic frequency comb
• Erbium Quantum Memory Platform with Long Optical Coherence via Back-End of Line Deposition on Foundry-Fabricated Photonics
• Broadband and long-duration optical memory in Yb:YSO
• Comparing the performance of practical two-qubit gates for individual ${}^{171}$Yb ions in yttrium orthovanadate
• Exploration of optimal hyperfine transitions for spin-wave storage in ${}^{167}$Er${}^{3+}$:Y${}_2$SiO${}_5$