Characterization of ${}^{171}Y{b}^{3+}:YV{O}_4$ for photonic quantum technologies

Abstract

Rare-earth ions in crystals are a proven solid-state platform for quantum technologies in the ensemble regime and attractive for new opportunities at the single ion level. Among the trivalent rare earths, ${}^{171}{\mathrm{Yb}}^{3+}$ is unique in that it possesses a single 4f excited-state manifold and is the only paramagnetic isotope with a nuclear spin of 1/2. In this work, we present measurements of the optical and spin properties of ${}^{171}$Yb${}^{3+}$:YVO${}_4$ to assess whether this distinct energy level structure can be harnessed for quantum interfaces. The material was found to possess large optical absorption compared to other rare-earth-doped crystals owing to the combination of narrow inhomogeneous broadening and a large transition oscillator strength. In moderate magnetic fields, we measure optical linewidths less than 3 kHz and nuclear spin linewidths less than 50 Hz. We characterize the excited-state hyperfine and Zeeman interactions in this system, which enables the engineering of a $\Lambda$-system and demonstration of all-optical coherent control over the nuclear spin ensemble. Given these properties, ${}^{171}$Yb${}^{3+}$:YVO${}_4$ has significant potential for building quantum interfaces such as ensemble-based memories, microwave-to-optical transducers, and optically addressable single rare-earth-ion spin qubits.

arXiv comment24 pages, 8 figures

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Cited by in corpus (21)

• Indistinguishable telecom band photons from a single erbium ion in the solid state
• On-chip coherent microwave-to-optical transduction mediated by ytterbium in YVO${}_4$
• Nuclear spin-wave quantum register for a solid state qubit
• Optical spin-wave storage in a solid-state hybridized electron-nuclear spin ensemble
• Microwave to optical photon conversion via fully concentrated rare-earth ion crystals
• Many-body cavity quantum electrodynamics with driven inhomogeneous emitters
• Quantum-confined charge transfer that enhances magnetic anisotropy in lanthanum M-type hexaferrites
• Characterization of Er${}^{3+}$:YVO${}_4$ for microwave to optical transduction
• Scalable microwave-to-optical transducers at single photon level with spins
• Hyperfine Structure and Coherent Dynamics of Rare Earth Spins Explored with Electron-Nuclear Double Resonance at Sub-Kelvin Temperatures
• Coherent optical-microwave interface for manipulation of low-field electronic clock transitions in ${}^{171}$Yb${}^{3+}$:Y${}_2$SiO${}_5$
• Coherence Time Extension by Large Scale Optical Spin Polarization in a Rare-Earth Doped Crystal
• Cavity-assisted controlled phase-flip gates
• Broadband Quantum Memory in Atomic Ensembles
• Proposal for transduction between microwave and optical photons using ${}^{167}\mathrm{Er}$-doped yttrium orthosilicate
• Extending the spin coherence lifetimes of ${}^{167}$Er${}^{3+}$$:$Y${}_2$SiO${}_5$ at subkelvin temperatures
• Erbium Quantum Memory Platform with Long Optical Coherence via Back-End of Line Deposition on Foundry-Fabricated Photonics
• Broadband and long-duration optical memory in Yb:YSO
• Optical and Raman spectroscopies of 171Yb3+:Y2SiO5 hyperfine structure for application toward microwave-to-optical transducer
• Spectroscopy and Coherence of an Excited-State Transition in Tm${}^{3+}$:YAlO${}_3$ at Telecommunication Wavelength
• Comparing the performance of practical two-qubit gates for individual ${}^{171}$Yb ions in yttrium orthovanadate