Nuclear spin-wave quantum register for a solid state qubit

Abstract

Solid-state nuclear spins surrounding individual, optically addressable qubits provide a crucial resource for quantum networks, computation and simulation. While hosts with sparse nuclear spin baths are typically chosen to mitigate qubit decoherence, developing coherent quantum systems in nuclear spin-rich hosts enables exploration of a much broader range of materials for quantum information applications. The collective modes of these dense nuclear spin ensembles provide a natural basis for quantum storage, however, utilizing them as a resource for single spin qubits has thus far remained elusive. Here, by using a highly coherent, optically addressed 171Yb3+ qubit doped into a nuclear spin-rich yttrium orthovanadate crystal, we develop a robust quantum control protocol to manipulate the multi-level nuclear spin states of neighbouring 51V5+ lattice ions. Via a dynamically-engineered spin exchange interaction, we polarise this nuclear spin ensemble, generate collective spin excitations, and subsequently use them to implement a long-lived quantum memory. We additionally demonstrate preparation and measurement of maximally entangled 171Yb--51V Bell states. Unlike conventional, disordered nuclear spin based quantum memories, our platform is deterministic and reproducible, ensuring identical quantum registers for all 171Yb qubits. Our approach provides a framework for utilising the complex structure of dense nuclear spin baths, paving the way for building large-scale quantum networks using single rare-earth ion qubits.

References in corpus (32)

• Quantum sensing
• Experimental loophole-free violation of a Bell inequality using entangled electron spins separated by 1.3 km
• Heralded entanglement between solid-state qubits separated by 3 meters
• Realization of a multi-node quantum network of remote solid-state qubits
• Quantum error correction in a solid-state hybrid spin register
• Experimental demonstration of memory-enhanced quantum communication
• Universal control and error correction in multi-qubit spin registers in diamond
• High-fidelity control and entanglement of Rydberg atom qubits
• Entanglement Distillation between Solid-State Quantum Network Nodes
• Semiconductor Qubits In Practice
• Detection and control of individual nuclear spins using a weakly coupled electron spin
• Long-lived memory for mesoscopic quantum bits
• Sensing remote nuclear spins
• Coherent control and single-shot readout of a rare-earth ion embedded in a nanophotonic cavity
• Sensing distant nuclear spins with a single electron spin
• Entanglement and control of single quantum memories in isotopically engineered silicon carbide
• An integrated nanophotonic quantum register based on silicon-vacancy spins in diamond
• Observation of a many-body-localized discrete time crystal with a programmable spin-based quantum simulator
• Coherent properties of single rare-earth spin qubits
• Optically addressing single rare-earth ions in a nanophotonic cavity
• Pulsed polarisation for robust DNP
• Quantum Interface of an Electron and a Nuclear Ensemble
• Parallel single-shot measurement and coherent control of solid-state spins below the diffraction limit
• Detection, spectroscopy and state preparation of a single praseodymium ion in a crystal
• A silicon quantum-dot-coupled nuclear spin qubit
• Initialization and Readout of Nuclear Spins via negatively charged Silicon-Vacancy Center in Diamond
• Characterization of ${}^{171}Y{b}^{3+}:YV{O}_4$ for photonic quantum technologies
• High quality factor nanophotonic resonators in bulk rare-earth doped crystals
• Sensing individual nuclear spins with a single rare-earth electron spin
• Witnessing quantum correlations in a nuclear ensemble via an electron spin qubit
• Collectively Enhanced Interactions in Solid-state Spin Qubits
• ${}^{29}$Si nuclear spins as a resource for donor spin qubits in silicon

Cited by in corpus (13)

• Indistinguishable telecom band photons from a single erbium ion in the solid state
• Nuclear spin polarization and control in a van der Waals material
• Cavity-enhanced quantum network nodes
• Ideal refocusing of an optically active spin qubit under strong hyperfine interactions
• Coherent control of a nuclear spin via interactions with a rare-earth ion in the solid-state
• Robust millisecond coherence times of erbium electron spins
• Performance analysis of quantum repeaters enabled by deterministically generated photonic graph states
• Coherent spin dynamics of rare-earth doped crystals in the high-cooperativity regime
• Characterizing temperature and strain variations with qubit ensembles for their robust coherence protection
• Computational Insights into Electronic Excitations, Spin-Orbit Coupling Effects, and Spin Decoherence in Cr(IV)-based Molecular Qubits
• Emergence of highly coherent quantum subsystems of a noisy and dense spin system
• A many-body singlet prepared by a central spin qubit
• Noise-resistant quantum memory enabled by Hamiltonian engineering