Star-formation in CALIFA early-type galaxies. A matter of discs

Abstract

The star formation main sequence (SFMS) is a tight relation between the galaxy star formation rate (SFR) and its total stellar mass ($M_{\star }$). Early-type galaxies (ETGs) are often considered as low-SFR outliers of this relation. We study, for the first time, the separated distribution in the SFR vs. $M_{\star }$ of bulges and discs of 49 ETGs from the CALIFA survey. This is achieved using C2D, a new code to perform spectro-photometric decompositions of integral field spectroscopy datacubes. Our results reflect that: i) star formation always occurs in the disc component and not in bulges; ii) star-forming discs in our ETGs are compatible with the SFMS defined by star forming galaxies at $z\sim 0$; iii) the star formation is not confined to the outskirts of discs, but it is present at all radii (even where the bulge dominates the light); iv) for a given mass, bulges exhibit lower sSFR than discs at all radii; and v) we do not find a deficit of molecular gas in bulges with respect to discs for a given mass in our ETGs. We speculate our results favour a morphological quenching scenario for ETGs.

5 pages, 2 figures. Accepted in MNRAS Letters

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• The ALMaQUEST Survey: V. The non-universality of kpc-scale star formation relations and the factors that drive them
• The CALIFA view on stellar angular momentum across the Hubble sequence
• The EDGE-CALIFA survey: The local and global relations between ${\Sigma }_{\ast }$ , ${\Sigma }_{SFR}$ and ${\Sigma }_{mol}$ that regulate star-formation
• A duality in the origin of bulges and spheroidal galaxies
• The SAMI Galaxy Survey: flipping of the spin-filament alignment correlates most strongly with growth of the bulge
• The origin of bulges and discs in the CALIFA survey: I. Morphological evolution
• The ALMaQUEST Survey: VI. The molecular gas main sequence of `retired' regions in galaxies
• The SAMI Galaxy Survey: bulge and disk stellar population properties in cluster galaxies
• A Multiwavelength view of IC 860: What Is in Action inside Quenching Galaxies
• BUDDI-MaNGA II: The Star-Formation Histories of Bulges and Discs of S0s
• The kinematics of young and old stellar populations in nuclear rings of MUSE TIMER galaxies
• Detection of young ($\le$20 Myr) stellar populations in apparently quenched low-mass galaxies using red spectral line indices
• BUDDI-MaNGA I: A statistical sample of cleanly decomposed bulge and disc spectra
• The physical properties of S0 galaxy PGC 26218: the origin of starburst and star formation
• The local and global relations between ${\Sigma }_{\star }$ , ${\Sigma }_{\mathrm{SFR}}$ and ${\Sigma }_{\mathrm{mol}}$ that regulate star-formation
• Kinematics of the lens host S0 galaxy NGC 1553: role of secular processes
• Stellar Populations of Spectroscopically Decomposed Bulge-Disk for S0 Galaxies from the CALIFA survey
• From naked spheroids to disky galaxies: how do massive disk galaxies shape their morphology?