Coherent conversion between microwave and optical photons -- an overview of physical implementations
arXiv:1906.10255 · doi:10.1002/qute.201900077
Abstract
Quantum information technology based on solid state qubits has created much interest in converting quantum states from the microwave to the optical domain. Optical photons, unlike microwave photons, can be transmitted by fiber, making them suitable for long distance quantum communication. Moreover, the optical domain offers access to a large set of very well developed quantum optical tools, such as highly efficient single-photon detectors and long-lived quantum memories. For a high fidelity microwave to optical transducer, efficient conversion at single photon level and low added noise is needed. Currently, the most promising approaches to build such systems are based on second order nonlinear phenomena such as optomechanical and electro-optic interactions. Alternative approaches, although not yet as efficient, include magneto-optical coupling and schemes based on isolated quantum systems like atoms, ions or quantum dots. In this Progress Report, we provide the necessary theoretical foundations for the most important microwave-to-optical conversion experiments, describe their implementations and discuss current limitations and future prospects.
17 Pages, 8 Figures
References in corpus (105)
- Quantum Computation with Quantum Dots
- The Quantum Internet
- Cavity Optomechanics
- Quantum information with Rydberg atoms
- The Physical Implementation of Quantum Computation
- Quantum state transfer and entanglement distribution among distant nodes in a quantum network
- Ultrastrong coupling between light and matter
- Quantum key distribution using gaussian-modulated coherent states
- Coupling Superconducting Qubits via a Cavity Bus
- Strongly coupled magnons and cavity microwave photons
- Ultrastrong coupling regimes of light-matter interaction
- Hybridizing ferromagnetic magnons and microwave photons in the quantum limit
- Controlling the Spontaneous Emission Rate of Single Quantum Dots in a 2D Photonic Crystal
- General framework for estimating the ultimate precision limit in noisy quantum-enhanced metrology
- High cooperativity in coupled microwave resonator ferrimagnetic insulator hybrids
- Quantum information processing with superconducting circuits: a review
- Bidirectional and efficient conversion between microwave and optical light
- Coherent manipulation of electronic states in a double quantum dot
- A quantum network of clocks
- Interfacing spin qubits in quantum dots and donors - hot, dense and coherent
- Roads towards fault-tolerant universal quantum computation
- Stationary pulses of light in an atomic medium
- Superconducting qubit in waveguide cavity with coherence time approaching 0.1ms
- High Cooperativity Cavity QED with Magnons at Microwave Frequencies
- High threshold universal quantum computation on the surface code
- Optical detection of radio waves through a nanomechanical transducer
- Using interference for high fidelity quantum state transfer in optomechanics
- Bidirectional conversion between microwave and light via ferromagnetic magnons
- Fast Scalable State Measurement with Superconducting Qubits
- Cavity optomagnonics with spin-orbit coupled photons
- Optomagnonic whispering gallery microresonators
- Storing light as a mechanical excitation in a silica optomechanical resonator
- Realizing Rapid, High-Fidelity, Single-Shot Dispersive Readout of Superconducting Qubits
- Deterministic Quantum State Transfer and Generation of Remote Entanglement using Microwave Photons
- Nonlinear and Quantum Optics with Whispering Gallery Resonators
- Proposal for an Optomechanical Traveling Wave Phonon-Photon Translator
- Adiabatic State Conversion and Pulse Transmission in Optomechanical Systems
- Triple-resonant Brillouin light scattering in magneto-optical cavities
- High Purcell factor generation of coherent on-chip single photons
- Efficient and robust analysis of complex scattering data under noise in microwave resonators
- Reversible optical to microwave quantum interface
- Strong magnetic coupling of an ultracold gas to a superconducting waveguide cavity
- Efficient single sideband microwave to optical conversion using an electro-optical whispering gallery mode resonator
- Harnessing electro-optic correlations in an efficient mechanical converter
- Effective mode volumes and Purcell factors for leaky optical cavities
- Efficient Distributed Quantum Computing
- Controlling phonons and photons at the wavelength-scale: silicon photonics meets silicon phononics
- A magneto-optic modulator with unit quantum effciency
- Giant electro-optic effect using polarizable dark states
- Quantum Capacities of Bosonic Channels
- From Cavity Electromechanics to Cavity Optomechanics
- Quantum magnonics: magnon meets superconducting qubit
- Optical wavelength conversion of quantum states with optomechanics
- Cavity quantum electro-optics
- Quantum state transfer between motion and light
- Resonant Electro-Optic Frequency Comb
- Controlling spin relaxation with a cavity
- Nanophotonic coherent light-matter interfaces based on rare-earth-doped crystals
- Brillouin light scattering by magnetic quasi-vortices in cavity optomagnonics
- Interfacing Superconducting Qubits and Telecom Photons via a Rare-Earth Doped Crystal
- Exact mode volume and Purcell factor of open optical systems
- Quantum cryptography using balanced homodyne detection
- Normalization of quasinormal modes in leaky optical cavities and plasmonic resonators
- A superconducting qubit with Purcell protection and tunable coupling
- An optical isolator using an atomic vapor in the hyperfine Paschen-Back regime
- Magneto-optical coupling in whispering gallery mode resonators
- Coherent microwave-to-optical conversion via six-wave mixing in Rydberg atoms
- Light scattering by magnons in whispering gallery mode cavities
- Cavity quantum electro-optics. II. Input-output relations between traveling optical and microwave fields
- Electron Spin Resonance at the Level of 10000 Spins Using Low Impedance Superconducting Resonators
- Coherent frequency up-conversion of microwaves to the optical telecommunications band in an Er:YSO crystal
- An atomic interface between microwave and optical photons
- Broadband dispersion engineered microresonator on-a-chip
- Strong coupling of magnons in a YIG sphere to photons in a planar superconducting resonator in the quantum limit
- Electro-optic entanglement source for microwave to telecom quantum state transfer
- Quantum lithography, entanglement and Heisenberg-limited parameter estimation
- Efficient microwave-to-optical conversion using Rydberg atoms
- Efficient quantum microwave-to-optical conversion using electro-optic nanophotonic coupled-resonators
- Identification of spin wave modes strongly coupled to a co-axial cavity
- Microwave-to-optical frequency conversion using a cesium atom coupled to a superconducting resonator
- Multimode Strong Coupling in Superconducting Cavity Piezo-electromechanics
- Cavity enhanced Raman heterodyne spectroscopy in Er:YSO for microwave to optical signal conversion
- Efficient upconversion of sub-THz radiation in a high-Q whispering gallery resonator
- Selection rules for cavity-enhanced Brillouin light scattering from magnetostatic modes
- Microwave to optical photon conversion via fully concentrated rare-earth ion crystals
- Proposal for detection of a single electron spin in a microwave resonator
- Microwave-to-optical conversion via four-wave-mixing in a cold ytterbium ensemble
- On orbital angular momentum conservation in Brillouin light scattering within a ferromagnetic sphere
- Cavity piezomechanical strong coupling and frequency conversion on an aluminum nitride chip
- Two-way interconversion of millimeter-wave and optical fields in Rydberg gases
- Sensitivity-bandwidth limit in a multi-mode opto-electro-mechanical transducer
- Microwave whispering gallery resonator for efficient optical up-conversion
- Coupling Two Spin Qubits with a High-Impedance Resonator
- Low-impedance superconducting microwave resonators for strong coupling to small magnetic mode volumes
- Microwave to optical conversion with atoms on a superconducting chip
- Cavity piezooptomechanics: piezoelectrically excited, optically transduced optomechanical resonators
- Reducing Spontaneous Emission in Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics by a Combined Readout/Filter Technique
- Frequency-Tunable Josephson Junction Resonator for Quantum Computing
- Approaching ultra-strong coupling in Transmon circuit-QED using a high-impedance resonator
- Comment on "Normalization of quasinormal modes in leaky optical cavities and plasmonic resonators"
- Polarization-selective out-coupling of whispering gallery modes
- More efficient second harmonic generation of whispering gallery modes by selective out-coupling
- Entanglement-preserving frequency conversion in cold atoms
- Reply to "Comment on "Normalization of quasinormal modes in leaky optical cavities and plasmonic resonators" " by E. A. Muljarov and W. Langbein
- Coherent Magneto-Optomechanical Signal Transduction and Long-Distance Phase-Shift Keying
Cited by in corpus (67)
- Integrated photonics on thin-film lithium niobate
- Quantum transduction of optical photons from a superconducting qubit
- Perspectives on quantum transduction
- Efficient bidirectional piezo-optomechanical transduction between microwave and optical frequency
- Roadmap on Atomtronics: State of the art and perspective
- Quantum control of a single magnon in a macroscopic spin system
- A heterogeneously integrated lithium niobate-on-silicon nitride photonic platform
- Continuous-Wave Frequency Upconversion with a Molecular Optomechanical Nanocavity
- Bidirectional electro-optic conversion reaching 1% efficiency with thin-film lithium niobate
- Coherent and Dissipative Cavity Magnonics
- On-chip coherent microwave-to-optical transduction mediated by ytterbium in YVO
- Cavity piezo-mechanics for superconducting-nanophotonic quantum interface
- Teleportation Systems Towards a Quantum Internet
- High efficiency coherent microwave-to-optics conversion via off-resonant scattering
- A perspective on hybrid quantum opto- and electromechanical systems
- Diamond Integrated Quantum Photonics: A Review
- Optomechanical ground-state cooling in a continuous and efficient electro-optic transducer
- Microwave-to-optical conversion with a gallium phosphide photonic crystal cavity
- Quantum repeaters based on concatenated bosonic and discrete-variable quantum codes
- Entanglement-Assisted Communication Surpassing the Ultimate Classical Capacity
- Design and Implementation of the Illinois Express Quantum Metropolitan Area Network
- Nonlocal magnon entanglement generation in coupled hybrid cavity systems
- Long spin coherence times in the ground state and an optically excited state of Er:YSiO at zero magnetic field
- Ultrastrong coupling between a microwave resonator and antiferromagnetic resonances of rare earth ion spins
- Characterization of Er:YVO for microwave to optical transduction
- On-demand generation and characterization of a microwave time-bin qubit
- Hybrid integration of silicon photonic devices on lithium niobate for optomechanical wavelength conversion
- Polarization dependent scattering in cavity optomagnonics
- Quantum capacities of transducers
- Temporal Loss Boundary Engineered Photonic Cavity
- An Electromagnetic Approach to Cavity Spintronics
- All-photonic GKP-qubit repeater using analog-information-assisted multiplexed entanglement ranking
- Superhyperfine induced photon-echo collapse of erbium in YSiO
- Nonreciprocal conversion between radio-frequency and optical photons with an optoelectromechanical system
- Microwave-to-optics conversion using magnetostatic modes and a tunable optical cavity
- Dielectric perturbations: anomalous resonance frequency shifts in optical resonators
- Direct probing of strong magnon-photon coupling in a planar geometry
- Light propagation and magnon-photon coupling in optically dispersive magnetic media
- Active-feedback quantum control of an integrated low-frequency mechanical resonator
- Diamond optomechanical cavity with a color center for microwave-to-optical quantum interfaces
- Thermal Noise in Electro-Optic Devices at Cryogenic Temperatures
- Magnon-exciton proximity coupling at a van der Waals heterointerface
- Theory of Microwave-Optical Conversion Using Rare-Earth Ion Dopants
- Radio-Frequency-to-Optical Conversion using Acoustic and Optical Whispering Gallery Modes
- Tunable Cooperativity in Coupled Spin--Cavity Systems
- Probing Strong Coupling between a Microwave Cavity and a Spin Ensemble with Raman Heterodyne Spectroscopy
- Optically-mediated remote entanglement generation in magnon-cavity systems
- Frequency Multiplexed Optical Entangled Source based on the Pockels Effect
- Generalized matching condition for unity efficiency quantum transduction
- Dissipative coupling, dispersive coupling and their combination in the cavity-less opto-mechanical systems
- Dynamics of a multipartite hybrid quantum system with beamsplitter, dipole-dipole, and Ising interactions
- Passive environment-assisted quantum communication with GKP states
- Continuous optical-to-mechanical quantum state transfer in the unresolved sideband regime
- Microwave-to-optical conversion in a room-temperature Rb vapor with frequency-division multiplexing control
- Two-dimensional optomechanical crystal resonator in gallium arsenide
- Optical to microwave frequency conversion with Rydberg excitons
- Long optical coherence times and coherent rare earth-magnon coupling in a rare earth doped anti-ferromagnet
- Back action evading electro-optical transducer
- Microwave-to-Optical Quantum Transduction Utilizing the Topological Faraday Effect of Topological Insulator Heterostructures
- Microwave-to-Optical Quantum Transduction with Antiferromagnets
- Optimized protocols for duplex quantum transduction
- Microwave-optical double resonance in a erbium-doped whispering-gallery-mode resonator
- Principles for Optimizing Quantum Transduction in Piezo-Optomechanical Systems
- Optomechanics for quantum technologies
- Colossal Cryogenic Electro-Optic Response Through Metastability in Strained BaTiO Thin Films
- Collection efficiency of optical photons generated from microwave excitations of a Bose-Einstein condensate
- Directional quantum scattering transducer in cooperative Rydberg metasurfaces