Axion Dark Matter Detection with CMB Polarization

Abstract

We point out two ways to search for low-mass axion dark matter using cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization measurements. These appear, in particular, to be some of the most promising ways to directly detect fuzzy dark matter. Axion dark matter causes rotation of the polarization of light passing through it. This gives rise to two novel phenomena in the CMB. First, the late-time oscillations of the axion field today cause the CMB polarization to oscillate in phase across the entire sky. Second, the early-time oscillations of the axion field wash out the polarization produced at last-scattering, reducing the polarized fraction (TE and EE power spectra) compared to the standard prediction. Since the axion field is oscillating, the common (static) `cosmic birefringence' search is not appropriate for axion dark matter. These two phenomena can be used to search for axion dark matter at the lighter end of the mass range, with a reach several orders of magnitude beyond current constraints. We set a limit from the washout effect using existing Planck results, and find significant future discovery potential for CMB detectors searching in particular for the oscillating effect.

25 pages, 3 figures. Published version

References in corpus (134)

• Nine-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Cosmological Parameter Results
• Particle Dark Matter: Evidence, Candidates and Constraints
• Efficient Computation of CMB anisotropies in closed FRW models
• Supersymmetric Dark Matter
• Asymptotic formulae for likelihood-based tests of new physics
• A Line of Sight Approach to Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropies
• Axion Cosmology
• String Axiverse
• Dark Matter Search Results from a One Tonne$\times$Year Exposure of XENON1T
• Cold and Fuzzy Dark Matter
• Ultralight scalars as cosmological dark matter
• Results from a search for dark matter in the complete LUX exposure
• Search for New Physics with Atoms and Molecules
• Axions In String Theory
• The Simons Observatory: Science goals and forecasts
• Quintessence and the Rest of the World
• An All-Sky Analysis of Polarization in the Microwave Background
• Statistics of Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization
• New CAST Limit on the Axion-Photon Interaction
• Dark Matter Results From 54-Ton-Day Exposure of PandaX-II Experiment
• Non-Baryonic Dark Matter - Observational Evidence and Detection Methods
• WISPy Cold Dark Matter
• Warm Dark Matter as a solution to the small scale crisis: new constraints from high redshift Lyman-alpha forest data
• Experimental Searches for the Axion and Axion-like Particles
• Cosmological Signature of New Parity-Violating Interactions
• First constraints on fuzzy dark matter from Lyman-$\alpha$ forest data and hydrodynamical simulations
• Vector Dark Matter from Inflationary Fluctuations
• A search for ultra-light axions using precision cosmological data
• A CMB Polarization Primer
• Dielectric Haloscopes: A New Way to Detect Axion Dark Matter
• The Fermi Galactic Center GeV Excess and Implications for Dark Matter
• Revisiting the SN1987A gamma-ray limit on ultralight axion-like particles
• New Observables for Direct Detection of Axion Dark Matter
• Dark Light, Dark Matter and the Misalignment Mechanism
• Broadband and Resonant Approaches to Axion Dark Matter Detection
• The QCD Axion and Moduli Stabilisation
• Bosonic super-WIMPs as keV-scale dark matter
• Axions as Dark Matter Particles
• Cosmic Axion Spin Precession Experiment (CASPEr)
• Results on light dark matter particles with a low-threshold CRESST-II detector
• Dark Matter Search Results from the PICO-60 C${}_3$F${}_8$ Bubble Chamber
• Cosmological implications of ultra-light axion-like fields
• First Results from ABRACADABRA-10 cm: A Search for Sub-$\mu$eV Axion Dark Matter
• Resonant detection of axion mediated forces with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
• Measuring Polarization In Cosmic Microwave Background
• The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: The polarization-sensitive ACTPol instrument
• Constraining the Spin-Dependent WIMP-Nucleon Cross Sections with XENON1T
• Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization
• Low-Mass Dark Matter Search with CDMSlite
• Dark Photon Dark Matter Produced by Axion Oscillations
• A Radio for Hidden-Photon Dark Matter Detection
• Massive hidden photons as lukewarm dark matter
• Dark Matter from an ultra-light pseudo-Goldsone-boson
• Axion and hidden photon dark matter detection with multilayer optical haloscopes
• Contrasting Galaxy Formation from Quantum Wave Dark Matter, $\psi$DM, with $\Lambda$CDM, using Planck and Hubble Data
• Searching for CPT Violation with Cosmic Microwave Background Data from WMAP and BOOMERANG
• Parametric Resonance Production of Ultralight Vector Dark Matter
• Indication of Anisotropy in Electromagnetic Propagation over Cosmological Distances
• Vector dark matter production at the end of inflation
• Search for axion-like dark matter through nuclear spin precession in electric and magnetic fields
• Using the Full Power of the Cosmic Microwave Background to Probe Axion Dark Matter
• Galaxy UV-luminosity function and reionization constraints on axion dark matter
• Is there evidence for cosmic anisotropy in the polarization of distant radio sources?
• Search for axionlike dark matter with a liquid-state nuclear spin comagnetometer
• Search for $\gamma$-ray line signals from dark matter annihilations in the inner Galactic halo from ten years of observations with H.E.S.S
• Rotation of Linear Polarization Plane and Circular Polarization from Cosmological Pseudoscalar Fields
• Extremely high precision VLBI astrometry of PSR J0437-4715 and implications for theories of gravity
• Spin Precession Experiments for Light Axionic Dark Matter
• Optical Ring Cavity Search for Axion Dark Matter
• Effect on cosmic microwave background polarization of coupling of quintessence to pseudoscalar formed from the electromagnetic field and its dual
• Gamma rays and positrons from a decaying hidden gauge boson
• Gravitational Leptogenesis and Its Signatures in CMB
• Pseudoscalar perturbations and polarization of the cosmic microwave background
• Searches for the role of spin and polarization in gravity
• POLARBEAR Constraints on Cosmic Birefringence and Primordial Magnetic Fields
• Cosmological CPT violating effect on CMB polarization
• BICEP Array: a multi-frequency degree-scale CMB polarimeter
• De-Rotation of the Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization: Full-Sky Formalism
• The Cosmic Axion Spin Precession Experiment (CASPEr): a dark-matter search with nuclear magnetic resonance
• Axion interferometry
• BICEP3: a 95 GHz refracting telescope for degree-scale CMB polarization
• Towards accurate cosmological predictions for rapidly oscillating scalar fields as dark matter
• First CMB Constraints on Direction-Dependent Cosmological Birefringence from WMAP-7
• Polarization and Anisotropy of the Microwave Sky
• Observational Evidence Against Birefringence Over Cosmological Distances
• Self-Calibration of BICEP1 Three-Year Data and Constraints on Astrophysical Polarization Rotation
• A Constraint on Planck-scale Modifications to Electrodynamics with CMB polarization data
• Constraining the photon coupling of ultra-light dark-matter axion-like particles by polarization variations of parsec-scale jets in active galaxies
• Cross-Correlation of Cosmological Birefringence with CMB Temperature
• BICEP2 / Keck Array IX: New Bounds on Anisotropies of CMB Polarization Rotation and Implications for Axion-Like Particles and Primordial Magnetic Fields
• From Equivalence Principles to Cosmology: Cosmic Polarization Rotation, CMB Observation, Neutrino Number Asymmetry, Lorentz Invariance and CPT
• Searches for gamma-ray lines and `pure WIMP' spectra from Dark Matter annihilations in dwarf galaxies with H.E.S.S
• Hunting Axion Dark Matter with Protoplanetary Disk Polarimetry
• String Photini at the LHC
• Cosmological signatures of ultralight dark matter with an axionlike potential
• String theoretic axion coupling and the evolution of cosmic structures
• Probing CPT Violation with CMB Polarization Measurements
• Constraints on axionlike dark matter with masses down to $10^{-23}$ eV/c${}^2$
• Spectral Dependence of CMB Polarization and Parity
• A New Limit on CMB Circular Polarization from SPIDER
• Likelihood methods for the combined analysis of CMB temperature and polarisation power spectra
• Generation of Circular Polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background
• First results on low-mass dark matter from the CRESST-III experiment
• Precision Tests of Parity Violation Over Cosmological Distances
• Comment on the Appropriate Null Hypothesis for Cosmological Birefringence
• Fluctuations of cosmological birefringence and the effect on CMB B-mode polarization
• Limits on Cosmological Birefringence from the Ultraviolet Polarization of Distant Radio Galaxies
• Constraints on anharmonic corrections of Fuzzy Dark Matter
• POLARBEAR-2: an instrument for CMB polarization measurements
• Including birefringence into time evolution of CMB: current and future constraints
• A CubeSat for Calibrating Ground-Based and Sub-Orbital Millimeter-Wave Polarimeters (CalSat)
• Circular Polarization of the CMB: A probe of the First stars
• Overview of the Cosmic Axion Spin Precession Experiment (CASPEr)
• Measuring the Small-Scale Matter Power Spectrum with High-Resolution CMB Lensing
• Revealing Cosmic Rotation
• Cosmological birefringence constraints from CMB and astrophysical polarization data
• Planck intermediate results. XLIX. Parity-violation constraints from polarization data
• 2017 upgrade and performance of BICEP3: a 95GHz refracting telescope for degree-scale CMB polarization
• Imprint of Scalar Dark Energy on Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization
• Constraints on cosmological birefringence energy dependence from CMB polarization data
• Constraints on cosmological birefringence from Planck and Bicep2/Keck data
• Axion-like Dark Matter Constraints from CMB Birefringence
• Cosmological CPT Violation and CMB Polarization Measurements
• New Constraints on Anisotropic Rotation of CMB Polarization
• Magneto-optic effects of the Cosmic Microwave Background
• New constraints on cosmic polarization rotation from the ACTPol cosmic microwave background B-Mode polarization observation and the BICEP2 constraint update
• Dilaton field and cosmic wave propagation
• A note on the birefringence angle estimation in CMB data analysis
• Cosmic Birefringence Fluctuations and Cosmic Microwave Background $B$-mode Polarization
• Detecting relic gravitational waves in the CMB: The contamination caused by the cosmological birefringence
• Cosmological Birefringence: an Astrophysical test of Fundamental Physics
• On the CMB circular polarization. I. The Cotton-Mouton effect
• Measuring cosmic shear and birefringence using resolved radio sources
• A circular polarimeter for the Cosmic Microwave Background

Cited by in corpus (101)

• Wave Dark Matter
• Milky Way Satellite Census. III. Constraints on Dark Matter Properties from Observations of Milky Way Satellite Galaxies
• New physics from the polarised light of the cosmic microwave background
• Photon Ring and Observational Appearance of a Hairy Black Hole
• Probing Axions with Event Horizon Telescope Polarimetric Measurements
• Improved Constraints on Cosmic Birefringence from the WMAP and Planck Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization Data
• Photon Spheres and Spherical Accretion Image of a Hairy Black Hole
• Superradiance in String Theory
• The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Constraints on Cosmic Birefringence
• Ultra-light axions and the $S_8$ tension: joint constraints from the cosmic microwave background and galaxy clustering
• Kilobyte Cosmic Birefringence from ALP Domain Walls
• Searching for Anisotropic Cosmic Birefringence with Polarization Data from SPTpol
• Heterodyne Broadband Detection of Axion Dark Matter
• Stringent axion constraints with Event Horizon Telescope polarimetric measurements of M87${}^{\star }$
• Isotropic cosmic birefringence from early dark energy
• A CMB Millikan Experiment with Cosmic Axiverse Strings
• Is cosmic birefringence due to dark energy or dark matter? A tomographic approach
• CMB birefringence from ultra-light axion string networks
• Probing Axion-like Particles via CMB Polarization
• Dynamical evolution of axion condensates under stimulated decays into photons
• Cosmic Birefringence Triggered by Dark Matter Domination
• Improved sensitivity of interferometric gravitational wave detectors to ultralight vector dark matter from the finite light-traveling time
• The Structure of the Oscillon: The Dynamics of Attractive Self-Interaction
• Testing the ALP-photon coupling with polarization measurements of Sagittarius A*
• Implications of the Cosmic Birefringence Measurement for the Axion Dark Matter Search
• Propagating Quantum Microwaves: Towards Applications in Communication and Sensing
• Cosmic Birefringence from Monodromic Axion Dark Energy
• Searching for axion-like particles through CMB birefringence from string-wall networks
• Redshift evolution of cosmic birefringence in CMB anisotropies
• Friendship in the Axiverse: Late-time direct and astrophysical signatures of early-time nonlinear axion dynamics
• Searching for axion-like time-dependent cosmic birefringence with data from SPT-3G
• Probing cosmic birefringence with polarized Sunyaev-Zel'dovich tomography
• Cosmic Axion Force
• Pulsar Polarization Arrays
• BICEP / Keck XIV: Improved constraints on axion-like polarization oscillations in the cosmic microwave background
• Cosmological Tension of Ultralight Axion Dark Matter and its Solutions
• Constraining the gravitational coupling of axion dark matter at LIGO
• Polarimetric signatures of the photon ring of a black hole that is pierced by a cosmic axion string
• Axion strings are superconducting
• Gravitational waves and neutrino oscillations in Chern-Simons axion gravity
• Constraints on nature of ultra light dark matter particles with 21cm forest
• Searching for axion-like particles under strong gravitational lenses
• Broadband Electrical Action Sensing Techniques with conducting wires for low-mass dark matter axion detection
• Gravitational wave probes of particle dark matter: a review
• Searching for dark-matter waves with PPTA and QUIJOTE pulsar polarimetry
• Birefringence Tomography for Axion Cloud
• Detecting Axion Dark Matter with Black Hole Polarimetry
• Cosmic birefringence tomography with polarized Sunyaev Zel'dovich effect
• Ultra-light axions and the kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect
• Constraints on axion-like polarization oscillations in the cosmic microwave background with POLARBEAR
• The QCD Axion: A Unique Player in the Axiverse with Mixings
• BICEP / Keck XII: Constraints on axion-like polarization oscillations in the cosmic microwave background
• Characterising cosmic birefringence in the presence of galactic foregrounds and instrumental systematic effects
• Can ultralight dark matter explain the age-velocity dispersion relation of the Milky Way disc: A revised and improved treatment
• Warm and Fuzzy Dark Matter: Free Streaming of Wave Dark Matter
• Probing Axions via Light Circular Polarization and Event Horizon Telescope
• Can we explain cosmic birefringence without a new light field beyond Standard Model?
• Searching for Ultra-Light Axions with Twisted Cavity Resonators of Anyon Rotational Symmetry with Bulk Modes of Non-Zero Helicity
• Parity-violating scalar trispectrum from a rolling axion during inflation
• Geometric optics in the presence of axion-like particles in curved space-time
• Binary Collisions of Dark Matter Blobs
• 21cm forest probes on the axion dark matter in the post-inflationary Peccei-Quinn symmetry breaking scenarios
• Constraints on ultralight axions, vector gauge bosons, and unparticles from geodetic and frame-dragging measurements
• Signals of Axion Like Dark Matter in Time Dependent Polarization of Light
• Dilution of dark matter relic density in singlet extension models
• Isotropic cosmic birefringence from string axion domain walls without cosmic strings, and DESI results
• Exploration of the polarization angle variability of the Crab Nebula with POLARBEAR and its application to the search for axion-like particles
• Exact CMB B-mode power spectrum from anisotropic cosmic birefringence
• Measuring axion gradients with photon interferometry (MAGPI)
• New insights into axion freeze-in
• New Interpretations of the Cosmological Preference for a Negative Neutrino Mass
• Axion-like dark matter clouds around rotating black holes
• Prospects for Axion Dark Matter Searches at LISA-like Interferometers
• Probing axion dark matter with 21cm fluctuations from minihalos
• Cosmic Birefringence from Neutrino and Dark Matter Asymmetries
• Hunting Galactic Axion Dark Matter with Gravitationally Lensed Fast Radio Bursts
• Static axionlike dark matter clouds around magnetized rotating wormholes -- probe limit case
• Optical circular polarization induced by axionlike particles in blazars
• Probing Ultra-light Axion Dark Matter from 21cm Tomography using Convolutional Neural Networks
• Tomographic constraint on anisotropic cosmic birefringence
• Isotropic cosmic birefringence from an oscillating axion-like field
• Detecting Extragalactic Axion-like Dark Matter with Polarization Measurements of Fast Radio Bursts
• Cosmic Birefringence from CP-Violating Axion Interactions
• Axion Cloud Decay due to the Axion-photon Conversion with Background Magnetic Fields
• Cosmic Birefringence as a probe of dark matter nature: Sterile neutrino and dipolar dark matter
• Probing Virtual ALPs by Precision Phase Measurements: Time-Varying Magnetic Field Background
• Pulsar timing and polarimetry: results and perspectives
• Pulsar Polarization Array Limits on Ultralight Axion-like Dark Matter
• Constraints on Axions from Cosmic Distance Measurements
• Greybody factors of charged black holes with axion hair
• Improving Cosmic Birefringence Constraints via Delensing
• Star Shearing Season -- Transient Signals in Wave-like Dark Matter Experiments from Black Hole Formation
• Lensed fast radio bursts as a probe of time-varying gravitational potential induced by wave dark matter
• Berry phase in axion physics, SM global structure, and generalized symmetries
• Constraints on Anisotropic Cosmic Birefringence from CMB B-mode Polarization
• Ringing Black Hole is Superradiant: Ultra-light Scalar Field
• Time-dependent deflection reconstruction: new technique to search for gravitational waves with the cosmic microwave background
• Photon self-interaction through gravitons and axions
• Forecast constraints on the axion-photon coupling from interstellar medium heating
• Detectability of axion-like dark matter for different time-delay interferometry combinations in space-based gravitational wave detectors
• Superradiant scattering of massive scalar field due to magnetically charged rotating black hole