Non-Baryonic Dark Matter - Observational Evidence and Detection Methods

Abstract

The evidence for the existence of dark matter in the universe is reviewed. A general picture emerges, where both baryonic and non-baryonic dark matter is needed to explain current observations. In particular, a wealth of observational information points to the existence of a non-baryonic component, contributing between around 20 and 40 percent of the critical mass density needed to make the universe geometrically flat on large scales. In addition, an even larger contribution from vacuum energy (or cosmological constant) is indicated by recent observations. To the theoretically favoured particle candidates for non-baryonic dark matter belong axions, supersymmetric particles, and of less importance, massive neutrinos. The theoretical foundation and experimental situation for each of these is reviewed. Direct and indirect methods for detection of supersymmetric dark matter are described in some detail. Present experiments are just reaching the required sensitivity to discover or rule out some of these candidates, and major improvements are planned over the coming years.

Submitted to Reports on Progress in Physics, 59 pages, LaTeX, iopart macro, 14 embedded postscript figures

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• Normalized additional velocity distribution: testing the radial profile of dark matter halos and MOND
• Phenomenological constraints on accretion of non-annihilating dark matter on the PSR B1257+12 pulsar from orbital dynamics of its planets
• The distribution of inelastic dark matter in the Sun
• Classification and asymptotic structure of black holes in bimetric theory
• Dark matter electron anisotropy: a universal upper limit
• No WIMP Mini-Spikes in Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies
• Constraining the Milky Way Dark Matter Density Profile with Gamma-Rays with Fermi-LAT
• Astrophysical searches for a hidden-photon signal in the radio regime
• Gamma-ray triangles: a possible signature of asymmetric dark matter in indirect searches
• WIMP capture and annihilation in the Earth in effective theories
• Vector dark matter in supercooled Higgs portal models
• On self-gravitating strange dark matter halos around galaxies
• Prospect for dark matter signatures from dwarf galaxies by LHAASO
• Direct Search for Dark Matter - Striking the Balance - and the Future
• First Sub-MeV Dark Matter Search with the QROCODILE Experiment Using Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors
• Dark Matter Studies Entrain Nuclear Physics
• Enlightening the dark ages with dark matter
• Dark matter as a dynamic effect due to a non-minimal gravitational coupling with matter
• WIMP capture by the Sun in the effective theory of dark matter self-interactions
• New constraints on inelastic dark matter from IceCube
• Future sensitivity of neutrino telescopes to dark matter annihilations from the cosmic diffuse neutrino signal
• Cosmological and astrophysical signatures of dark matter annihilations into pseudo-Goldstone bosons
• Energy nonconservation and relativistic trajectories: Unimodular gravity and beyond
• Boltzmann hierarchies for self-interacting warm dark matter scenarios
• Testing the Newton second law in the regime of small accelerations
• An indirect dark matter search with diffuse gamma rays from the Galactic Centre with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer
• Gamma-Rays from Dark Matter Mini-Spikes in M31
• Searching for Dark Matter Signals from Local Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies at Low Radio Frequencies in the GLEAM Survey
• Heating of galactic gas by dark matter annihilation in ultracompact minihalos
• Dark Matter Astrophysics
• DM particles: how warm they can be?
• Top Quark as a Dark Portal and Neutrino Mass Generation
• Constraints on the Sommerfeld-enhanced dark matter annihilation from the gamma rays of subhalos and dwarf galaxies
• Diffuse Gamma Rays: Galactic and Extragalactic Diffuse Emission
• Brane cosmology, Weyl fluid, and density perturbations
• Probing Radiative Neutrino Mass Generation through Monotop Production
• Complementary Probes of Two-component Dark Matter
• Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays -- an Overview
• Fundamental energy scale of the thick brane in mimetic gravity
• Galactic Center constraints on self-interacting sterile neutrinos from fermionic dark matter ("ino") models
• CDMS II result and Light Higgs Boson Scenario of the MSSM
• Light vector dark matter with scalar mediator and muon g-2 anomaly
• Dark Matter: the Connection with Gamma-Ray Astrophysics
• Asymptotic safety in the dark
• Dwarf spheroidal $J$-factor likelihoods for generalized NFW profiles
• Cosmic anisotropy with Reduced Relativistic Gas
• A simple and natural interpretations of the DAMPE cosmic-ray electron/positron spectrum within two sigma deviations
• Prospects for higgsino-singlino dark matter detection at IceCube and PINGU
• Asymmetric capture of Dirac dark matter by the Sun
• Dilaton dominance relaxes LHC and cosmological constraints in supersymmetric models
• Neutrinos from WIMP annihilation in the Sun : Implications of a self-consistent model of the Milky Way's dark matter halo
• Discrimination of New Physics Models with the International Linear Collider
• Searching for Dark Matter in Messier 33
• Neutralino-neutralino annihilation to photon and gluon pairs in MSSM models
• Mixed WIMP-axion dark matter
• Dark Matter Detection with Polarized Detectors
• On the DM interpretation of the origin of non-thermal phenomena in galaxy clusters
• The VERITAS Dark Matter Program
• WIMP direct detection overview
• Terrestrial detection of hidden vectors produced by solar nuclear reactions
• Proton capture in compact dark stars and observable implications
• Anapole Moment of Majorana Fermions and Implications for Direct Detection of Neutralino Dark Matter
• A Solution to Lithium Problem by Long-Lived Stau
• Searching for Gamma-Ray Emission from Reticulum II by Fermi-LAT
• Multi-Component Imaging of the Fermi Gamma-ray Sky in the Spatio-spectral Domain
• Probing multicomponent FIMP scenarios with gamma-ray telescopes
• Multimessenger TeV Dark Matter: a mini review
• Constraining the $3-3-1$ model with heavy neutral leptons using $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$ and dark matter observables
• $R^2$ Gravity Effects on the Kinetic Axion Phase Space
• Early search for supersymmetric dark matter models at the LHC without missing energy
• Introduction to Non-Baryonic Dark Matter
• Brownian Motion of Stars, Dust, and Invisible Matter
• Kinetic Axion Dark Matter in String Corrected $f(R)$ Gravity
• Hunting Galactic Axion Dark Matter with Gravitationally Lensed Fast Radio Bursts
• A Correlation Between the Higgs Mass and Dark Matter
• Complementary collider and astrophysical probes of multi-component Dark Matter
• Dependence of accessible dark matter annihilation cross-sections on the density profiles of dwarf spheroidal galaxies with the Cherenkov Telescope Array
• Conservative constraints on the effective theory of dark matter-nucleon interactions from IceCube: the impact of operator interference
• Exploring Direct Detection Suppressed Regions in a Simple 2-Scalar Mediator Model of Scalar Dark Matter
• Degenerate Fermi gas perturbations at standard background cosmology
• Sensitivities of IceCube DeepCore Detector to Signatures of Low-Mass Dark Matter in the Galactic Halo
• Gamma-ray signals from multicomponent scalar dark matter decays
• Self-annihilating dark matter and the CMB: reionizing the Universe and constraining cross sections
• Probing Dark Matter Electromagnetic Properties in Direct Detection Experiments
• Cooling of dark neutron stars
• Sharp spectral features from light dark matter decay via gravity portals
• Indirect dark matter searches: towards a consistent top-bottom approach for studying the gamma-ray signals and associated backgrounds
• TeV gamma-ray sensitivity to velocity-dependent dark matter models in the Galactic Center
• Compact stars in the standard model - and beyond
• Domain walls in Born-Infeld-dilaton background
• Probing annihilations and decays of low-mass galactic dark matter in IceCube DeepCore array: Track events
• Dark matter in Inert Doublet Model with one scalar singlet and $U(1{)}_X$ gauge symmetry
• Implications of dark sector mixing on leptophilic scalar dark matter
• Dynamic domain walls in Maxwell-Dilaton background
• Measurement of high energy dark matter from the Sun at IceCube
• Comprehensive Analysis on the Light Higgs Boson Scenario
• From (p)reheating to nucleosynthesis
• Astroparticle Aspects of Supersymmetry
• Non-collider searches for stable massive particles
• Indirect searches of Galactic diffuse dark matter in INO-MagICAL detector
• Pierre Auger Observatory and Super Heavy Dark Matter
• Dark matter as the source of neutrino mass: theory overview and experimental prospects
• LHC and dark matter phenomenology of the NUGHM
• Looking forward to inelastic DM with electromagnetic form factors at FASER and beam dump experiments
• Nuclear target effect on dark matter detection rate
• Characterization of the phonon sensor of the CRYOSEL detector with IR photons
• Complexity of Charged Dynamical Spherical System in Modified Gravity
• Search for low-mass resonances decaying into two jets and produced in association with a photon or a jet at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
• New constraints on sterile neutrino dark matter from the Galactic Center
• Collisionless shocks in self-interacting dark matter
• Dwarf galaxies with central cores in modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) gravity
• Weyl meson and its implications in collider physics and cosmology
• Decaying LSP in SO(10) GUT and PAMELA's Cosmic Positron
• Studying QCD modeling of uncertainties in particle spectra from dark-matter annihilation into jets
• Cosmology and the Dark Matter Frontier
• Observed jet power and radiative efficiency of black hole candidates in Kerr + PFDM model
• Statistics for dark matter subhalo searches in gamma rays from a kinematically constrained population model: Fermi-LAT-like telescopes
• Dark Matter, Neutrino mass, Cutoff for Cosmic-Ray Neutrino, and Higgs Boson Invisible Decay from a Neutrino Portal Interaction
• Constraints on dark matter annihilation to fermions and a photon
• Sequential hypothesis testing for Axion Haloscopes
• HMFcalc: An Online Tool for Calculating Dark Matter Halo Mass Functions
• Tagging and localisation of ionizing events using NbSi transition edge phonon sensors for Dark Matter searches
• Flat Galactic Rotation Curves from Geometry in Weyl Gravity
• Fundamental properties of the dark and the luminous matter from Low Surface Brightness discs
• Gravitational wave background from primordial black holes in globular clusters
• Dark Matter Constituents
• Direct searches for Dark Matter Particles: WIMPs and axions
• Weyl-Invariant Gravity and the Nature of Dark Matter
• A convolutional-neural-network estimator of CMB constraints on dark matter energy injection
• Are there any extragalactic high speed dark matter particles in the Solar neighborhood?
• Scalar Dark Matter in light of LEP and ILC Experiments
• Testing Cotton gravity as dark matter substitute with weak lensing
• DESI forecast for Dark Matter-Neutrino interactions using EFTofLSS
• Indirect Evidence for WIMP Annihilation from Diffuse Galactic Gamma Rays
• Investigation of Possible Dark Matter Direct Detection in Electron Accelerators
• Chiral kinetic theory in the presence of dark photon
• Sub-GeV Dark Matter Searches with EDELWEISS: New results and prospects
• A Singlet Extension of the MSSM with a Dark Matter Portal
• Impact of the vector dark matter on polarization of the CMB photon
• Effective Operators for Dark Matter Interactions
• Testing the predictions of axisymmetric distribution functions of galactic dark matter with hydrodynamical simulations
• Analytical insight into dark matter subhalo boost factors for Sommerfeld-enhanced $s$- and $p$-wave $\gamma$-ray signals
• Antimatter and Gamma-rays from Dark Matter Annihilation
• The dark connection between the EGRET excess of diffuse Galactic gamma rays, the Canis Major dwarf, the Monoceros ring, the INTEGRAL 511 keV annihilation line, the gas flaring and the Galactic rotation curve
• Explanations of the DAMPE high energy electron/positron spectrum in the dark matter annihilation and pulsar scenarios
• Indirect searches for dark matter with the Fermi LAT instrument
• An idea for detecting capture dominated Dark Stars
• Indirect Dark Matter Signals
• Indirect dark matter searches at ultrahigh energy neutrino detectors
• Multilepton signatures for scalar dark matter searches in coannihilation scenario
• Investigation of mass substructure in gravitational lens system SDP.81 with ALMA long-baseline observations
• Search for Milli-Charged Particles from the Sun at IceCube
• Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays from decays of Holeums in Galactic Halos
• High-Energy Astrophysics and Cosmology
• New model of density distribution for fermionic dark matter halos
• Polynomial Spectrum of Gamma Ray from Dark Matter
• Reproducing neutrino effects on the matter power spectrum through a degenerate Fermi gas approach
• Is it possible to unify three kinds of Dark Matters into a Kaluza-Klein Neutrino?
• Search for the production of dark matter candidates in association with heavy dimuon resonance using the CMS open data for pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 8 TeV
• Spherical Gravitational Collapse of Annihilating Dark Matter and the Minimum Mass of CDM Black Holes
• Muons from Neutralino Annihilations in the Sun: Flipped SU(5)
• Indirect Detection of Neutralino Dark Matter up to TeV Scale
• Matter-antimatter asymmetry in a rotating universe: Dirac spinors in axisymmetric Bianchi IX cosmology
• Production and signatures of multi-flavour dark matter scenarios with t-channel mediators
• Search for dark matter production in association with the Z${}^{\prime }$ boson at the LHC in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 8 TeV using Monte Carlo simulations
• Diffusion of Cosmic Antiprotons Generated throughout the Dark Matter Halo -- A Semi-Analytical Solution for a Linear Galactic Wind Model
• Search for new physics with baryons at BESIII
• Fenomenología de modelos supersimétricos: partículas y materia oscura
• Signatures of Dipolar Dark Matter on Indirect Detection
• Charged scalar production at the Compact Linear Collider for the $S_3\otimes {\mathbb{Z}}_2$ model
• Has the density of sources of gamma-ray burts been constant over the last ten billion years ?
• First direct search for light dark matter interactions in a transition-edge sensor
• What is the amount of baryonic dark matter in galaxies?
• Complementarity of experiments in probing the non-relativistic effective theory of dark matter-nucleon interactions
• Search for gamma-ray spectral lines from dark matter annihilation with the H.E.S.S. Inner Galaxy Survey
• Scalar field theory for warm dark matter
• Dark photon searches via Higgs boson production at the LHC and beyond
• Direct Measurement of Upward-going Ultrahigh Energy Dark Matter at the Pierre Auger Observatory