Proximity exchange effects in MoSe${}_2$ and WSe${}_2$ heterostructures with CrI${}_3$: twist angle, layer, and gate dependence

Abstract

Proximity effects in two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals heterostructures offer controllable ways to tailor the electronic band structure of adjacent materials. Exchange proximity in particular is important for making materials magnetic without hosting magnetic ions. Such synthetic magnets could be used for studying magnetotransport in high-mobility 2D materials, or magneto-optics in highly absorptive nominally nonmagnetic semiconductors. Using first-principles calculations, we show that the proximity exchange in monolayer MoSe${}_2$ and WSe${}_2$ due to ferromagnetic monolayer CrI${}_3$ can be tuned (even qualitatively) by twisting and gating. Remarkably, the proximity exchange remains the same when using antiferromagnetic CrI${}_3$ bilayer, paving the way for optical and electrical detection of layered antiferromagnets. Interestingly, the proximity exchange is opposite to the exchange of the adjacent antiferromagnetic layer. Finally, we show that the exchange proximity is confined to the layer adjacent to CrI${}_3$, and that adding a separating hBN barrier drastically reduces the proximity effect. We complement our it ab initio results with tight-binding modeling and solve the Bethe-Salpeter equation to provide experimentally verifiable optical signatures (in the exciton spectra) of the proximity exchange effects.

manuscript (10 pages, 4 figures, 1 table) + supplementary (11 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables)

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• Van der Waals heterostructures for spintronics and opto-spintronics
• Moiré superlattice in a MoSe${}_2$/hBN/MoSe${}_2$ heterostructure: from coherent coupling of inter- and intra-layer excitons to correlated Mott-like states of electrons
• Topological superconductivity in a van der Waals heterostructure
• Layer-Resolved Magnetic Proximity Effect in van der Waals Heterostructures
• Strain-tunable orbital, spin-orbit, and optical properties of monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenides
• Artificial Multiferroics and Enhanced Magnetoelectric Effect in van der Waals Heterostructures
• Observation of Magnetic Proximity Effect Using Resonant Optical Spectroscopy of an Electrically Tunable MoSe${}_2$/CrBr${}_3$ Heterostructure
• First-principles theory of proximity spin-orbit torque on a two-dimensional magnet: Current-driven antiferromagnet-to-ferromagnet reversible transition in bilayer CrI${}_3$
• Interplay between spin proximity effect and charge-dependent exciton dynamics in MoSe${}_2$ / CrBr${}_3$ van der Waals heterostructures
• Giant Valley-Zeeman Splitting from Spin-Singlet and Spin-Triplet Interlayer Excitons in WSe2/MoSe2 Heterostructure
• Magneto-optical response of chromium trihalide monolayers: chemical trends
• Large and Controllable Spin-Valley Splitting in Two-Dimensional WS2/h-VN Heterostructure
• Asymmetric magnetic proximity interactions in MoSe${}_2$/CrBr${}_3$ van der Waals heterostructures
• Dielectrics for Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Applications
• Swapping Exchange and Spin-Orbit Coupling in 2D van der Waals Heterostructures
• Multifunctional Two-dimensional van der Waals Janus Magnet Cr-based Dichalcogenide Halides
• Efficient Computational Design of 2D van der Waals Heterostructures: Band-Alignment, Lattice-Mismatch, Web-app Generation and Machine-learning
• Intrinsic quantum anomalous Hall phase induced by proximity in germanene/Cr${}_2$Ge${}_2$Te${}_6$ van der Waals heterostructure
• Magnon valley Hall effect in CrI3-based vdW heterostructures
• Giant proximity exchange and valley splitting in transition metal dichalcogenide/$h\mathrm{BN}$/(Co, Ni) heterostructures
• Large exciton binding energies in MnPS${}_3$ as a case study of vdW layered magnet
• Optically Probing Tunable Band Topology in Atomic Monolayers
• Engineering Proximity Exchange by Twisting: Reversal of Ferromagnetic and Emergence of Antiferromagnetic Dirac Bands in Graphene/Cr${}_2$Ge${}_2$Te${}_6$
• Strong manipulation of the valley splitting upon twisting and gating in MoSe${}_2$/CrI${}_3$ and WSe${}_2$/CrI${}_3$ van der Waals heterostructures
• Bilayer graphene encapsulated within monolayers of WS${}_2$ or Cr${}_2$Ge${}_2$Te${}_6$: Tunable proximity spin-orbit or exchange coupling
• Charge transfer and asymmetric coupling of MoSe${}_2$ valleys to the magnetic order of CrSBr
• Excitonic Magneto-Optical Kerr Effect in 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenides Induced by Spin Proximity
• Magneto-optical Kerr effect in spin split two-dimensional massive Dirac materials
• Spin-valley system in a gated MoS${}_2$-monolayer quantum dot
• Proximity spin-orbit and exchange coupling in ABA and ABC trilayer graphene van der Waals heterostructures
• Quantum sensing of magnetic fields with molecular color centers
• Magnetic field induced Valley-Polarized Quantum Anomalous Hall Effects in Ferromagnetic van der Waals Heterostructures
• Magnetic Anisotropy in Two-dimensional van der Waals Magnetic Materials and Their Heterostructures: Importance, Mechanisms, and Opportunities
• Spontaneous Valley Spirals in Magnetically Encapsulated Twisted Bilayer Graphene
• Phyllosilicates as earth-abundant layered materials for electronics and optoelectronics: Prospects and challenges in their ultrathin limit
• Elucidating proximity magnetism through polarized neutron reflectometry and machine learning
• Signatures of electric field and layer separation effects on the spin-valley physics of MoSe${}_2$/WSe${}_2$ heterobilayers: from energy bands to dipolar excitons
• Charge transfer-induced Lifshitz transition and magnetic symmetry breaking in ultrathin CrSBr crystals
• Exchange splitting and exchange-induced non-reciprocal photonic behavior of graphene in CrI3-graphene vdW heterostructures
• Ultrafast pseudospin quantum beats in multilayer WSe${}_2$ and MoSe${}_2$
• Exchange-bias controlled correlations in magnetically encapsulated twisted van der Waals dichalcogenides
• Controlling magnetism through Ising superconductivity in magnetic van der Waals heterostructures
• Spin-orbit correlations and exchange-bias control in twisted Janus dichalcogenide multilayers
• Designing spin-textured flat bands in twisted graphene multilayers via helimagnet encapsulation
• Superexchange and spin-orbit coupling in monolayer and bilayer chromium trihalides
• Proximity-enhanced valley Zeeman splitting at the WS${}_2$/graphene interface
• Tailoring High-Frequency Magnonics in Monolayer Chromium Trihalides
• Above room-temperature two-dimensional ferromagnetic half-metals in Mn-based Janus magnets
• Reversible edge spin currents in antiferromagnetically proximitized dichalcogenides
• Phonon screening of excitons in atomically thin semiconductors
• Moire-enabled topological superconductivity in twisted bilayer graphene
• Interlayer Coupling Induced Quasiparticles
• Manipulating Spin-Lattice Coupling in Layered Magnetic Topological Insulator Heterostructure $via$ Interface Engineering
• Hydrostatic pressure control of the spin-orbit proximity effect, spin relaxation, and thermoelectricity in a phosphorene-WSe${}_2$ heterostructure
• Proximity-enabled control of spin-orbit coupling in phosphorene symmetrically and asymmetrically encapsulated by WSe${}_2$ monolayers
• Engineering chiral topological superconductivity in twisted Ising superconductors
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• Interlayer superexchange in bilayer chromium trihalides
• Electrical and thermal transport in a twisted heterostructure of transition metal dichalcogenide and CrI${}_3$ connected to a superconductor
• Direct band gap and strong Rashba effect in van der Waals heterostructures of InSe and Sb single layers
• Current-induced spin-orbit torque on the surface of a transition metal dichalcogenide connected to a two-dimensional ferromagnet CrI${}_3$: Effects of twisting and gating
• Study of gold and bismuth electrical contacts to a MoS${}_2$ monolayer