Revival of the Fittest: Exploding Core-Collapse Supernovae from 12 to 25 M${}_{\odot }$

Abstract

We present results of 2D axisymmetric core-collapse supernova simulations, employing the FORNAX code, of nine progenitor models spanning 12 to 25 M${}_{\odot }$ and evolved over a 20,000-km grid. We find that four of the nine models explode with inelastic scattering off electrons and neutrons as well as the many-body correction to neutrino-nucleon scattering opacities. We show that these four models feature sharp Si-O interfaces in their density profiles, and that the corresponding dip in density reduces the accretion rate around the stalled shock and prompts explosion. The non-exploding models lack such a steep feature, suggesting that Si-O interface is one key to explosion. Furthermore, we show that all of the non-exploding models can be nudged to explosion with modest changes to macrophysical inputs, including moderate rotation and perturbations to infall velocities, as well as to microphysical inputs, including changes to neutrino-nucleon interaction rates, suggesting that all the models are perhaps close to criticality. Exploding models have energies of few $\times$10${}^{50}$ ergs at the end of our simulation, and are rising, suggesting the need to continue these simulations over larger grids and for longer times to reproduce the energies seen in Nature. We find that the morphology of the explosion contributes to the explosion energy, with more isotropic ejecta producing larger explosion energies. However, we do not find evidence for the Lepton-number Emission Self-Sustained Asymmetry. Finally, we look at PNS properties and explore the role of dimension in our simulations. We find that convection in the proto-neutron star (PNS) produces larger PNS radii as well as greater "${\nu }_{\mu }$" luminosities in 2D compared to 1D.

arXiv commentaccepted by MNRAS March 2018

References in corpus (69)

• GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral
• Core-Collapse Supernovae from 9 to 120 Solar Masses Based on Neutrino-powered Explosions
• Astrophysical Implications of the Binary Black-Hole Merger GW150914
• Black Hole Formation in Failing Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Core-collapse supernova equations of state based on neutron star observations
• Nucleosynthesis and Remnants in Massive Stars of Solar Metallicity
• Two-dimensional hydrodynamic core-collapse supernova simulations with spectral neutrino transport. I. Numerical method and results for a 15 M_sun star
• A two-parameter criterion for classifying the explodability of massive stars by the neutrino-driven mechanism
• The Neutron Star and Black Hole Initial Mass Function
• Shock Breakout in Core-Collapse Supernovae and its Neutrino Signature
• A New Multi-Dimensional General Relativistic Neutrino Hydrodynamics Code of Core-Collapse Supernovae III. Gravitational Wave Signals from Supernova Explosion Models
• Symmetry Parameter Constraints From A Lower Bound On The Neutron-Matter Energy
• Three-dimensional core-collapse supernova simulated using a 15 $M_{\odot }$ progenitor
• Exploring the relativistic regime with Newtonian hydrodynamics: An improved effective gravitational potential for supernova simulations
• Supernova Simulations from a 3D Progenitor Model -- Impact of Perturbations and Evolution of Explosion Properties
• Neutrino-driven explosion of a 20 solar-mass star in three dimensions enabled by strange-quark contributions to neutrino-nucleon scattering
• Neutrino Opacities in Nuclear Matter
• A New Multi-Dimensional General Relativistic Neutrino Hydrodynamics Code for Core-Collapse Supernovae II. Relativistic Explosion Models of Core-Collapse Supernovae
• A Comparison of Two- and Three-dimensional Neutrino-hydrodynamics simulations of Core-collapse Supernovae
• A Simple Approach to the Supernova Progenitor-Explosion Connection
• SASI Activity in Three-Dimensional Neutrino-Hydrodynamics Simulations of Supernova Cores
• Non-Radial Instabilities and Progenitor Asphericities in Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Three-dimensional Hydrodynamic Core-Collapse Supernova Simulations for an $11.2M_{\odot }$ Star with Spectral Neutrino Transport
• The Role of Turbulence in Neutrino-Driven Core-Collapse Supernova Explosions
• Revival of The Stalled Core-Collapse Supernova Shock Triggered by Precollapse Asphericity in the Progenitor Star
• Neutrino-driven supernova of a low-mass iron-core progenitor boosted by three-dimensional turbulent convection
• Criteria for Core-Collapse Supernova Explosions by the Neutrino Mechanism
• The Spin Periods and Rotational Profiles of Neutron Stars at Birth
• Multiple physical elements to determine the gravitational-wave signatures of core-collapse supernovae
• Axisymmetric Ab Initio Core-Collapse Supernova Simulations of 12-25 M_sol Stars
• The Development of Explosions in Axisymmetric Ab Initio Core-Collapse Supernova Simulations of 12-25 $M_{\odot }$ Stars
• Muon Creation in Supernova Matter Facilitates Neutrino-driven Explosions
• The gravitational wave signal from core-collapse supernovae
• Gravitational Wave Signals from 3D Neutrino Hydrodynamics Simulations of Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Nucleosynthesis in the Innermost Ejecta of Neutrino-Drive Supernova Explosions in Two Dimensions
• The Effects of Correlations on Neutrino Opacities in Nuclear Matter
• New Two-Dimensional Models of Supernova Explosions by the Neutrino-Heating Mechanism: Evidence for Different Instability Regimes in Collapsing Stellar Cores
• Self-sustained asymmetry of lepton-number emission: A new phenomenon during the supernova shock-accretion phase in three dimensions
• Modeling Core-Collapse Supernovae in 3-Dimensions
• Ledoux-Convection in Protoneutron Stars --- a Clue to Supernova Nucleosynthesis?
• The Progenitor Dependence of the Preexplosion Neutrino Emission in Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Improved estimate of electron capture rates on nuclei during stellar core collapse
• General Relativistic Three-Dimensional Multi-Group Neutrino Radiation-Hydrodynamics Simulations of Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Rotation-supported Neutrino-driven Supernova Explosions in Three Dimensions and the Critical Luminosity Condition
• The Progenitor Dependence of Three-Dimensional Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Multi-Dimensional Radiation/Hydrodynamic Simulations of Protoneutron Star Convection
• A New Gravitational-Wave Signature from Standing Accretion Shock Instabilities in Supernovae
• Systematic Features of Axisymmetric Neutrino-Driven Core-Collapse Supernova Models in Multiple Progenitors
• Progenitor-dependent Explosion Dynamics in Self-consistent, Axisymmetric Simulations of Neutrino-driven Core-collapse Supernovae
• Electron-Capture and Low-Mass Iron-Core-Collapse Supernovae: New Neutrino-Radiation-Hydrodynamics Simulations
• Crucial Physical Dependencies of the Core-Collapse Supernova Mechanism
• Two Dimensional Core-Collapse Supernova Explosions Aided by General Relativity with Multidimensional Neutrino Transport
• Two-Dimensional Core-Collapse Supernova Models with Multi-Dimensional Transport
• On the Impact of Three Dimensions in Simulations of Neutrino-Driven Core-Collapse Supernova Explosions
• Gravitational wave signatures in black-hole-forming core collapse
• New Precision Limit on the Strange Vector Form Factors of the Proton
• Correlated Gravitational Wave and Neutrino Signals from General-Relativistic Rapidly Rotating Iron Core Collapse
• Neutrino-nucleon scattering in supernova matter from the virial expansion
• Up, down, and strange nucleon axial form factors from lattice QCD
• The Physics of the Neutrino Mechanism of Core-Collapse Supernovae
• A numerical model for multigroup radiation hydrodynamics
• Should One Use the Ray-by-Ray Approximation in Core-Collapse Supernova Simulations?
• Role of medium modifications for neutrino-pair processes from nucleon-nucleon bremsstrahlung - Impact on the protoneutron star deleptonization
• Shock-Turbulence Interaction in Core-Collapse Supernovae
• The criterion of supernova explosion revisited: the mass accretion history
• Detecting the Supernova Breakout Burst in Terrestrial Neutrino Detectors
• An Integral Condition for Core-Collapse Supernova Explosions
• The Antesonic Condition for the Explosion of Core-Collapse Supernovae I: Spherically Symmetric Polytropic Models: Stability & Wind Emergence
• Core-Collapse Supernova Simulations including Neutrino Interactions from the Virial EOS

Cited by in corpus (68)

• Core-Collapse Supernova Explosion Theory
• The Overarching Framework of Core-Collapse Supernova Explosions as Revealed by 3D Fornax Simulations
• New Developments in Flavor Evolution of a Dense Neutrino Gas
• A Successful 3D Core-Collapse Supernova Explosion Model
• The gravitational wave signal from core-collapse supernovae
• Is there a supernova bound on axions?
• Fornax: a Flexible Code for Multiphysics Astrophysical Simulations
• Different to the core: the pre-supernova structures of massive single and binary-stripped stars
• Global Comparison of Core-Collapse Supernova Simulations in Spherical Symmetry
• Three-Dimensional Supernova Explosion Simulations of 9-, 10-, 11-, 12-, and 13-M${}_{\odot }$ Stars
• Three-dimensional Models of Core-collapse Supernovae From Low-mass Progenitors With Implications for Crab
• Neutrino oscillations in supernovae: angular moments and fast instabilities
• Fast Neutrino Flavor Instability in the Neutron-star Convection Layer of Three-dimensional Supernova Models
• Towards a Realistic Explosion Landscape for Binary Population Synthesis
• Temporal and Angular Variations of 3D Core-Collapse Supernova Emissions and their Physical Correlations
• Simulating Turbulence-aided Neutrino-driven Core-collapse Supernova Explosions in One Dimension
• Hydrodynamical Neutron-star Kicks in Electron-capture Supernovae and Implications for the CRAB Supernova
• Three-Dimensional Core-Collapse Supernova Simulations with Multi-Dimensional Neutrino Transport Compared to the Ray-by-Ray-plus Approximation
• A systematic study of proto-neutron star convection in three-dimensional core-collapse supernova simulations
• Fast Neutrino Flavor Conversions can Help and Hinder Neutrino-Driven Explosions
• Equation of state effects in the core collapse of a $20$-$M_{\odot }$ star
• A few moments to diagnose fast flavor conversions of supernova neutrinos
• Core-collapse supernova neutrino emission and detection informed by state-of-the-art three-dimensional numerical models
• The Collapse and Three-Dimensional Explosion of Three-Dimensional, vis à vis One-Dimensional, Massive-star Supernova Progenitor Models
• Gravitational Waves from Neutrino Asymmetries in Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Constraining properties of the next nearby core-collapse supernova with multi-messenger signals
• Towards an Understanding of the Resolution Dependence of Core-Collapse Supernova Simulations
• Chimera: A massively parallel code for core-collapse supernova simulation
• Prospects of fast flavor neutrino conversion in rotating core-collapse supernovae
• Effects of LESA in Three-Dimensional Supernova Simulations with Multi-Dimensional and Ray-by-Ray-plus Neutrino Transport
• Searching for Fast Neutrino Flavor Conversion Modes in Core-collapse Supernova Simulations
• The Essential Character of the Neutrino Mechanism of Core-Collapse Supernova Explosions
• The Effect of Supernova Convection On Neutron Star and Black Hole Masses
• The impact of non-dipolar magnetic fields in core-collapse supernovae
• Comparing treatments of weak reactions with nuclei in simulations of core-collapse supernovae
• The infancy of core-collapse supernova remnants
• Binary-Stripped Stars as Core-Collapse Supernovae Progenitors
• Long-term Simulations of Multi-Dimensional Core-collapse Supernovae: Implications for Neutron Star Kicks
• Supernova neutrino signals based on long-term axisymmetric simulations
• Core-collapse supernovae in the hall of mirrors. A three-dimensional code-comparison project
• On the Neutrino Distributions in Phase Space for the Rotating Core-collapse Supernova Simulated with a Boltzmann-neutrino-radiation-hydrodynamics Code
• Neutrino Signals of Core-Collapse Supernovae in Underground Detectors
• Dimension dependence of numerical simulations on gravitational waves from protoneutron stars
• High-entropy ejecta plumes in Cassiopeia A from neutrino-driven convection
• Three-Dimensional Boltzmann-Hydro Code for core-collapse in massive stars III. A New method for momentum feedback from neutrino to matter
• Magnetic support for neutrino-driven explosion of 3D non-rotating core-collapse supernova models
• The Impact of Different Neutrino Transport Methods on Multidimensional Core-collapse Supernova Simulations
• Determining the Structure of Rotating Massive Stellar Cores with Gravitational Waves
• Applications of Machine Learning to Predicting Core-collapse Supernova Explosion Outcomes
• Convection-Aided Explosions in One-Dimensional Core-Collapse Supernova Simulations I: Technique and Validation
• A 3D Simulation of a Type II-P Supernova: from Core Bounce to Beyond Shock Breakout
• Hydrodynamic Simulations of Electron-capture Supernovae: Progenitor and Dimension Dependence
• A Comparison of Explosion Energies for Simulated and Observed Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Monotonicity of the cores of massive stars
• Post-explosion evolution of core-collapse supernovae
• The Early Evolution of Magnetar Rotation I: Slowly Rotating "Normal" Magnetars
• Core-collapse supernova simulations with reduced nucleosynthesis networks
• Comparison of the Core-Collapse Evolution of Two Nearly Equal Mass Progenitors
• Impact of neutrino pair-production rates in Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Gray Two-moment Neutrino Transport: Comprehensive Tests and Improvements for Supernova Simulations
• Stellar Neutrino Emission Across The Mass-Metallicity Plane
• The impact of asymmetric neutrino emissions on nucleosynthesis in core-collapse supernovae II -- progenitor dependences --
• Near-critical supernova outflows and their neutrino signatures
• What can be learned from a proto-neutron star's mass and radius?
• Gravitational-Wave Signatures of Nonstandard Neutrino Properties in Collapsing Stellar Cores
• The structure and evolution of a high-mass stellar merger in the Hertzsprung gap
• Neutrino flavour as a test of the explosion mechanism of core-collapse supernovae
• Emulators for stellar profiles in binary population modeling