Estimating spin diffusion length and spin Hall angle from spin pumping-induced inverse spin Hall voltages

Abstract

There exists considerable confusion in estimating the spin diffusion length of materials with high spin-orbit coupling from spin pumping experiments. For designing functional devices, it is important to determine the spin diffusion length with sufficient accuracy from experimental results. An inaccurate estimation of spin diffusion length also affects the estimation of other parameters (e.g., spin mixing conductance, spin Hall angle) concomitantly. The spin diffusion length for platinum (Pt) has been reported in literature in a wide range of 0.5 - 14 nm, and particularly it is a constant value independent of Pt's thickness. Here, the key reasonings behind such wide range of reported values of spin diffusion length have been identified comprehensively. Particularly, it is shown here that a thickness-dependent conductivity and spin diffusion length is necessary to simultaneously match the experimental results of effective spin mixing conductance and inverse spin Hall voltage due to spin pumping. Such thickness-dependent spin diffusion length is tantamount to Elliott-Yafet spin relaxation mechanism, which bodes well for transitional metals. This conclusion is not altered even when there is significant interfacial spin memory loss. Furthermore, the variations in the estimated parameters are also studied, which is important for technological applications.

References in corpus (16)

• Direct electronic measurement of the spin Hall effect
• Study of Intrinsic Spin Hall Effect and Orbital Hall Effect in 4d- and 5d- Transition Metals
• Non-collinear Magnetoelectronics
• Tuning the spin Hall effect of Pt from the moderately dirty to the superclean regime
• Electrical detection of spin pumping due to the precessing magnetization of a single ferromagnet
• Determination of intrinsic spin Hall angle in Pt
• Evolution of the spin Hall effect in Pt nanowires: Size and temperature effects
• Interface enhancement of Gilbert damping from first-principles
• Spin Hall Angle Quantification from Spin Pumping and Microwave Photoresistance
• Experimental Verification of Comparability between Spin-Orbit and Spin-Diffusion Lengths
• Voltage generation by ferromagnetic resonance
• Theory of spin loss at metallic interfaces
• Spin-Scattering Rates in Metallic Thin Films Measured by Ferromagnetic Resonance Damping Enhanced by Spin-Pumping
• Ultra-low-energy computing paradigm using giant spin Hall devices
• Ultra-low-energy Electric field-induced Magnetization Switching in Multiferroic Heterostructures
• Spin circuit representation of spin pumping

Cited by in corpus (9)

• Determination of spin Hall effect and spin diffusion length of Pt from self-consistent fitting of damping enhancement and inverse spin-orbit torque measurements
• Intrinsic and extrinsic contributions to spin scattering in Pt
• Low-symmetry topological materials for large charge-to-spin interconversion: The case of transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers
• Anomalous Hall-like transverse magnetoresistance in Au thin films on Y${}_3$Fe${}_5$O${}_{12}$
• Determining complex spin mixing conductance and spin diffusion length from spin pumping experiments in magnetic insulator/heavy metal bilayers
• Giant spin-charge conversion in ultrathin films of the MnPtSb half-Heusler compound
• Spin diffusion length associated to out-of-plane resistivity of Pt thin films in spin pumping experiments
• Spin-circuit representation of spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance
• Distinguishing spin pumping from spin rectification in organic semiconductor-based lateral spin pumping device architectures