Cosmology with gamma-ray bursts: I. The Hubble diagram through the calibrated $E_{\mathrm{p},\mathrm{i}}$ - $E_{\mathrm{iso}}$ correlation

Abstract

Gamma-ray bursts are the most energetic explosions in the Universe. They are detectable up to very high redshifts, therefore can be used to study the expansion rate of the Universe and to investigate the observational properties of dark energy, provided that empirical correlations between spectral and intensity properties are appropriately calibrated. We used the type Ia supernova luminosity distances to calibrate the correlation between the peak photon energy, $E_{p,i}$, and the isotropic equivalent radiated energy, $E_{iso}$ in GRBs. With this correlation, we tested the reliability of applying GRBs to measure cosmological parameters and to obtain indications on the basic properties and evolution of dark energy. Using 162 GRBs with measured redshifts and spectra, we applied a local regression technique to calibrate the $E_{p,i}$-$E_{iso}$ correlation against the type Ia SN data to build a calibrated GRB Hubble diagram. We tested the possible redshift dependence of the correlation and its effect on the Hubble diagram. Finally, we used the GRB Hubble diagram to investigate the dark energy EOS. For this, we focused on the so-called Chevalier-Polarski-Linder (CPL) parametrization of the dark energy EOS and implemented the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method to efficiently sample the space of cosmological parameters. Our analysis shows once more that the $E_{p,i}$-$E_{iso}$ correlation has no significant redshift dependence. Therefore the high-redshift GRBs can be used as a cosmological tool to determine the basic cosmological parameters and to test different models of dark energy in the redshift region ($z⩾3$), which is unexplored by the SNIa and baryonic acoustic oscillations data. Our updated calibrated Hubble diagram of GRBs provides some marginal indication (at $1\sigma$ level) of an evolving dark energy EOS.

12 pages, 11 figures

References in corpus (13)

• Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Three Year Results: Implications for Cosmology
• New Hubble Space Telescope Discoveries of Type Ia Supernovae at z > 1: Narrowing Constraints on the Early Behavior of Dark Energy
• Spectra and Light Curves of Six Type Ia Supernovae at 0.511 < z < 1.12 and the Union2 Compilation
• A Complete Catalog of Swift GRB Spectra and Durations: Demise of a Physical Origin for Pre-Swift High-Energy Correlations
• A time - luminosity correlation for Gamma Ray Bursts in the X - rays
• The First Swift BAT Gamma-Ray Burst Catalog
• A Cosmology-Independent Calibration of Gamma-Ray Burst Luminosity Relations and the Hubble Diagram
• The Epeak-Eiso plane of long Gamma Ray Bursts and selection effects
• Gamma-ray Burst Cosmology
• On the consistency of the peculiar GRBs 060218 and 060614 with the Ep,i - Eiso correlation
• Gamma-Ray Bursts in $1.8<z<5.6$ Suggest that the Time Variation of the Dark Energy is Small
• Global Properties of X-Ray Flashes and X-Ray-Rich Gamma-Ray Bursts Observed by Swift
• Spectral analysis of Swift long GRBs with known redshift

Cited by in corpus (74)

• Challenges for $\Lambda$CDM: An update
• Is the Observable Universe Consistent with the Cosmological Principle?
• Cosmology with gamma-ray bursts: II Cosmography challenges and cosmological scenarios for the accelerated Universe
• On Larger $H_0$ Values in the CMB Dipole Direction
• Do gamma-ray burst measurements provide a useful test of cosmological models?
• Hubble tension or a transition of the Cepheid SnIa calibrator parameters?
• Optical and X-ray GRB Fundamental Planes as Cosmological Distance Indicators
• The Gamma-ray Bursts fundamental plane correlation as a cosmological tool
• Spectral analysis of Fermi-LAT gamma-ray bursts with known redshift and their potential use as cosmological standard candles
• Einstein, Planck and Vera Rubin: relevant encounters between the Cosmological and the Quantum Worlds
• Measuring cosmological parameters with a luminosity-time correlation of gamma-ray bursts
• Model independent calibrations of gamma ray bursts using machine learning
• Cosmography approach to dark energy cosmologies: new constrains using the Hubble diagrams of supernovae, quasars and gamma-ray bursts
• Gravitational-Wave Detector Networks: Standard Sirens on Cosmology and Modified Gravity Theory
• Calibrating Gamma-Ray Bursts by Using a Gaussian Process with Type Ia Supernovae
• Gamma ray burst constraints on cosmological models from the improved Amati correlation
• Testing Dark Energy Models with Gamma-Ray Bursts Calibrated from the Observational $H(z)$ Data through a Gaussian Process
• Is the Hubble diagram of quasars in tension with concordance cosmology?
• Cosmology Intertwined: A Review of the Particle Physics, Astrophysics, and Cosmology Associated with the Cosmological Tensions and Anomalies
• Testing Non-Coincident $f(Q)$-gravity with DESI DR2 BAO and GRBs
• Statistical study of gamma-ray bursts with jet break feature in multi-wavelength afterglow emissions
• Can $f(T)$ models play a bridge between early and late time Universe?
• Impacts of dark energy on weighing neutrinos after DESI BAO
• The improved Amati correlations from Gaussian copula
• The Scale-Invariant Vacuum (SIV) Theory: A Possible Origin of Dark Matter and Dark Energy
• The quest for new correlations in the realm of the Gamma-Ray Burst -- Supernova connection
• Kernel Selection for Gaussian Process in Cosmology: with Approximate Bayesian Computation Rejection and Nested Sampling
• Questioning the $H_0$ tension via the look-back time
• Model-independent study for a quintessence model of dark energy: Analysis and Observational constraints
• Redshift evolution of the Amati relation: calibrated results from the Hubble diagram of quasars at high redshifts
• An analytic derivation of the empirical correlations of gamma-ray bursts
• High Redshift Long Gamma-Ray Bursts Hubble Diagram as a Test of Basic Cosmological Relations
• Does DESI DR2 challenge $\Lambda$CDM paradigm ?
• Gamma Rays Bursts: A Viable Cosmological Probe?
• A critical discussion on the $H_0$ tension
• Diagnostic and Comparative Analysis of Dark Energy Models with $q(z)$ Parametrizations
• Constraints from Fermi observations of Long Gamma-Ray Bursts on cosmological parameters
• Gamma-ray Burst Prompt Emission Spectrum and $E_p$ Evolution Patterns in the ICMART Model
• Chebyshev cosmography in the framework of extended symmetric teleparallel theory
• Constraints on Cosmological Models from Quasars Calibrated with Type Ia Supernova by a Gaussian Process
• Model-Independent Determination of $H_0$ and ${\Omega }_{K,0}$ using Time-Delay Galaxy Lenses and Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Model-independent estimation of the cosmography parameters using cosmic chronometers
• Low redshift calibration of the Amati relation using galaxy clusters
• DE models with combined $H_0\cdot r_d$ from BAO and CMB dataset and friends
• Constraining the emergent dark energy models with observational data at intermediate redshift
• Deep Neural Networks for Estimation of Gamma-Ray Burst Redshifts
• Testing the standardizability of, and deriving cosmological constraints from, a new Amati-correlated gamma-ray burst data compilation
• The failure of testing for cosmic opacity via the distance-duality relation
• New evidence of multiple channels for the origin of gamma-ray bursts with extended emission
• A Reliable Calibration of HII Galaxies Hubble Diagram with Cosmic Chronometers and Artificial Neural Network
• Constraining Coupling Constants' Variation with Supernovae, Quasars, and GRBs
• Constraints on Cosmological Models with Gamma-Ray Bursts in Cosmology-Independent Way
• Impact of Cosmology on Lorentz Invariance Violation Constraints from GRB Time-Delays
• Cosmological Constraints on the Phenomenological Interacting Dark Energy Model with Fermi Gamma-Ray Bursts and DESI DR2
• Unveiling the Effects of Coupling Extended Proca-Nuevo Gravity on Cosmic Expansion with Recent Observations
• Unveiling the Universe with Emerging Cosmological Probes
• Testing the phenomenological interacting dark energy model with gamma-ray bursts and Pantheon+ type Ia supernovae
• Investigating the cosmic distance duality relation with gamma-ray bursts
• Observational constraints on Tsallis holographic dark energy with Ricci horizon cutoff
• Observational tests of the Glavan, Prokopec and Starobinsky model of dark energy
• Gamma-Ray Bursts Calibrated from the Observational $H(z)$ Data in Artificial Neural Network Framework
• The Hubble Diagram: Jump from Supernovae to Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Analysis of Pantheon+ supernova data suggests evidence of sign-changing pressure of the cosmological fluid
• Solving the inverse cosmological calibration problem of gamma-ray bursts
• Calibration of luminosity correlations of gamma-ray bursts using quasars
• Discovery and Analysis of Afterglows from Poorly Localised GRBs with the Gravitational-wave Optical Transient Observer (GOTO) All-sky Survey
• Gamma-Ray Bursts Calibrated by Using Artificial Neural Networks from the Pantheon+ Sample
• Redshift Dependence of the Low-energy Spectral Index of Gamma-Ray Bursts Revisited
• Testing the Distance Duality Relation with Cosmological Observations at high Redshift using Artificial Neural Network
• Luminosity Selection for Gamma Ray Burst
• Massive black hole binaries in LISA: constraining cosmological parameters at high redshifts
• Intermediate redshift calibration of Gamma-ray Bursts and cosmic constraints in non-flat cosmology
• A test of Amati relation using HII galaxy distances
• Do the Amati and Yonetoku Relations Evolve with Redshift for Swift GRBs?