Transverse spin observables in hard-scattering hadronic processes within collinear factorization

Abstract

We review what is currently known about the transverse spin structure of hadrons, in particular from observables that can be analyzed within a collinear framework. These effects have been around for 40 years and represent a critical test of perturbative QCD. We look at both proton-proton and lepton-nucleon collisions for various final states. While the main focus is on transverse single-spin asymmetries, we also discuss how longitudinal-transverse double-spin asymmetries offer a complimentary, yet equally important, source of information on the quark-gluon content of hadrons. We also summarize some recent progress in solidifying the theoretical formalism behind these observables and give an outlook on future directions of research.

Typos corrected, references added/updated, invited review accepted in International Journal of Modern Physics A; 32 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables

References in corpus (38)

• Sivers Effect for Pion and Kaon Production in Semi-Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering
• Single transverse-spin asymmetry in high transverse momentum pion production in pp collisions
• Forward Neutral Pion Transverse Single Spin Asymmetries in p+p Collisions at \sqrt{s}=200 GeV
• Twist-3 Formalism for Single Transverse Spin Asymmetry Reexamined: Semi-Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering
• Single Transverse Spin Asymmetries of Identified Charged Hadrons in Polarized p+p Collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 62.4 GeV
• An Observation Concerning the Process Dependence of the Sivers Functions
• Single Transverse-Spin Asymmetry in Drell-Yan Production at Large and Moderate Transverse Momentum
• Towards an explanation of transverse single-spin asymmetries in proton-proton collisions: the role of fragmentation in collinear factorization
• Next-to-eikonal corrections in the CGC: gluon production and spin asymmetries in pA collisions
• Collins Fragmentation and the Single Transverse Spin Asymmetry
• Single Transverse Spin Asymmetry for Large-p_T Pion Production in Semi-Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering
• Evolution of twist-3 multi-parton correlation functions relevant to single transverse-spin asymmetry
• Next-to-leading Order Calculation of the Single Transverse Spin Asymmetry in the Drell-Yan Process
• Transverse Single-Spin Asymmetry and Cross-Section for pi0 and eta Mesons at Large Feynman-x in Polarized p+p Collisions at sqrt(s)=200 GeV
• QCD Evolution of the Transverse Momentum Dependent Correlations
• Partonic Pole Matrix Elements for Fragmentation
• Universal Structure of Twist-3 Soft-Gluon-Pole Cross Sections for Single Transverse-Spin Asymmetry
• Master Formula for Twist-3 Soft-Gluon-Pole Mechanism to Single Transverse-Spin Asymmetry
• Probing the three-gluon correlation functions by the single spin asymmetry in p^\uparrow p\to DX
• A phenomenological study of single transverse-spin asymmetry for inclusive light-hadron productions at RHIC
• Transverse target spin asymmetry in inclusive DIS with two-photon exchange
• Simultaneous extraction of transversity and Collins functions from new SIDIS and e+e- data
• Longitudinal-transverse double-spin asymmetries in single-inclusive leptoproduction of hadrons
• A partonic description of the transverse target single-spin asymmetry in inclusive DIS
• Left-right spin asymmetry in $\ell N^{\uparrow }\to hX$
• Sivers asymmetry of Drell-Yan production in small-$x$ regime
• Transverse single-spin asymmetries in $p^{\uparrow }p\to \gamma X$ from quark-gluon-quark correlations in the proton
• Transverse single spin asymmetries in inclusive deep-inelastic scattering
• Single-spin asymmetries in the leptoproduction of transversely polarized $\Lambda$ hyperons
• Drell-Yan double-spin asymmetry A_{LT} in polarized p\bar{p} collisions: Wandzura-Wilczek contribution
• Transverse spin asymmetries for W-production in proton-proton collisions
• A Precision Measurement of the Neutron Twist-3 Matrix Element $d_2^n$: Probing Color Forces
• Transverse single spin asymmetry in direct photon production in polarized pA collisions
• Hard- and soft-fermion-pole contributions to single transverse-spin asymmetry for Drell-Yan process
• Double Spin Asymmetries of Inclusive Hadron Electroproductions from a Transversely Polarized ${}^3\mathrm{He}$ Target
• Longitudinal and transverse spin asymmetries for inclusive jet production at mid-rapidity in polarized p+p collisions at sqrt{s}=200 GeV
• Factorization at fixed Q^2(1-x)
• Transverse single-spin asymmetries in proton-proton collisions at the AFTER@LHC experiment

Cited by in corpus (1)

• Single spin asymmetry in forward $pA$ collisions II: Fragmentation contribution