Twist-3 fragmentation effects for $A_{LT}$ in light hadron production from proton-proton collisions

Abstract

We compute the contribution from the twist-3 fragmentation function for light hadron production in collisions between transversely and longitudinally polarized protons, i.e., $p^{\uparrow }\vec{p}\to hX$, which can cause a double-spin asymmetry (DSA) $A_{LT}$. This is a naïve T-even twist-3 observable that we analyze in collinear factorization using both Feynman gauge and lightcone gauge as well as give a general proof of color gauge invariance. So far only twist-3 effects in the transversely polarized proton have been studied for $A_{LT}$ in $p^{\uparrow }\vec{p}\to hX$. However, there are indications that the naïve T-odd transverse single-spin asymmetry (SSA) $A_N$ in $p^{\uparrow }p\to hX$ is dominated not by such distribution effects but rather by a fragmentation mechanism. Therefore, one may expect similarly that the fragmentation contribution is important for $A_{LT}$. Given possible plans at RHIC to measure this observable, it is timely to provide a calculation of this term.

11 pages, 5 figures, Minor changes, version to appear in PLB

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Cited by in corpus (7)

• Parton Fragmentation Functions
• Operator Constraints for Twist-3 Functions and Lorentz Invariance Properties of Twist-3 Observables
• Twist-3 fragmentation contribution to polarized hyperon production in unpolarized hadronic collisions
• Exact Relations for Twist-3 Gluon Distribution and Fragmentation Functions from Operator Identities
• Transverse spin observables in hard-scattering hadronic processes within collinear factorization
• Twist-3 effect from the longitudinally polarized proton for $A_{LT}$ in hadron production from $pp$ collisions
• Single spin asymmetry in forward $pA$ collisions from Pomeron-Odderon interference