Master Formula for Twist-3 Soft-Gluon-Pole Mechanism to Single Transverse-Spin Asymmetry

Abstract

Perturbative QCD relates the single transverse-spin asymmetries (SSAs) for hard processes at large transverse-momentum of produced particle to partonic matrix elements that describe interference between scattering from a coherent quark-gluon pair and from a single quark, generated through twist-3 quark-gluon correlations inside a hadron. When the coherent gluon is soft at the gluonic poles, its coupling to partonic subprocess can be systematically disentangled, so that the relevant interfering amplitude can be derived entirely from the Born diagrams for the scattering from a single quark. We establish a new formula that represents the exact rules to derive the SSA due to soft-gluon poles from the knowledge of the twist-2 cross section formula for unpolarized processes. This single master formula is applicable to a range of processes like Drell-Yan and direct-photon production, and semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering, and is also useful to manifest the gauge invariance of the results.

arXiv comment20 pages, 6 figures; [v2] a paragraph with new Eq. (30) added, minor modifications, typos corrected; [v3] Erratum added, and minor changes

References in corpus (24)

• Fragmentation of Transversely Polarized Quarks Probed in Transverse Momentum Distributions
• Leading-twist Single-transverse-spin asymmetries: Drell-Yan and Deep-Inelastic Scattering
• QCD Factorization for Semi-Inclusive Deep-Inelastic Scattering at Low Transverse Momentum
• Final state interactions and gauge invariant parton distributions
• Universality of T-odd effects in single spin and azimuthal asymmetries
• Universality of soft and collinear factors in hard-scattering factorization
• QCD Factorization for Spin-Dependent Cross Sections in DIS and Drell-Yan Processes at Low Transverse Momentum
• Single Transverse-Spin Asymmetries in Hadronic Pion Production
• A Unified Picture for Single Transverse-Spin Asymmetries in Hard Processes
• Single transverse-spin asymmetry in high transverse momentum pion production in pp collisions
• Twist-3 Formalism for Single Transverse Spin Asymmetry Reexamined: Semi-Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering
• Chiral-Odd Contribution to Single-Transverse Spin Asymmetry in Hadronic Pion Production
• Single Transverse-Spin Asymmetry in Drell-Yan Production at Large and Moderate Transverse Momentum
• Single-Transverse Spin Asymmetry in Semi-Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering
• Single Transverse Spin Asymmetry for Large-p_T Pion Production in Semi-Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering
• Polarized Structure Functions in QCD
• Universal Structure of Twist-3 Soft-Gluon-Pole Cross Sections for Single Transverse-Spin Asymmetry
• Estimate of a Chiral-Odd Contribution to Single Transverse-Spin Asymmetry in Hadronic Pion Production
• Polarization in Hadronic ΛHyperon Production and Chiral-Odd Twist-3 Distribution
• Single Transverse-Spin Asymmetry in $p{p}^{\uparrow }\to \pi X$ and $e{p}^{\uparrow }\to \pi X$
• Single Transverse Spin Asymmetry in $p^{\uparrow }p\to \pi X$ and $e{p}^{\uparrow }\to \pi X$
• Double Spin Asymmetries for Large-$p_T$ Hadron Production in Semi-Inclusive DIS
• Factorisation in Higher-Twist Single-Spin Amplitudes
• Hyperon Polarization from Unpolarized pp and ep Collisions

Cited by in corpus (54)

• 50 Years of Quantum Chromodynamics
• Notes on the orbital angular momentum of quarks in the nucleon
• An Observation Concerning the Process Dependence of the Sivers Functions
• Scale dependence of twist-three contributions to single spin asymmetries
• Evolution of twist-3 multi-parton correlation functions relevant to single transverse-spin asymmetry
• Non-universality of transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions
• Contribution of Twist-3 Multi-Gluon Correlation Functions to Single Spin Asymmetry in Semi-Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering
• Operator Constraints for Twist-3 Functions and Lorentz Invariance Properties of Twist-3 Observables
• Soft-fermion-pole contribution to single-spin asymmetry for pion production in pp collisions
• Universal Structure of Twist-3 Soft-Gluon-Pole Cross Sections for Single Transverse-Spin Asymmetry
• Single transverse-spin asymmetry for $D$-meson production in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering
• Contribution of twist-3 fragmentation function to single transverse-spin asymmetry in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering
• Spectral analysis of gluonic pole matrix elements for fragmentation
• New Analysis of the Single Transverse-Spin Asymmetry for Hadron Production at RHIC
• Probing the three-gluon correlation functions by the single spin asymmetry in p^\uparrow p\to DX
• A phenomenological study of single transverse-spin asymmetry for inclusive light-hadron productions at RHIC
• Single Transverse-Spin Asymmetry in Hadronic Dijet Production
• QCD evolution of naive-time-reversal-odd parton distribution functions
• Exploring the structure of the proton through polarization observables in l p \to jet X
• Higher twist parton distributions from light-cone wave functions
• A model independent analysis of gluonic pole matrix elements and universality of TMD fragmentation functions
• Novel Master Formula for Twist-3 Soft-Gluon-Pole Mechanism to Single Transverse-Spin Asymmetry
• Phenomenological constraints on $A_N$ in $p^{\uparrow }p\to \pi X$ from Lorentz invariance relations
• Transverse momentum-weighted Sivers asymmetry in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering at next-to-leading order
• Transverse Spin Structure of the Nucleon
• Three-gluon contribution to the single spin asymmetry in Drell-Yan and direct-photon processes
• Single transverse spin asymmetry of prompt photon production
• Single transverse spin asymmetry of dilepton production near $Z^0$ pole
• Master Formula for the Three-Gluon Contribution to Single Spin Asymmetry in Semi-Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering
• Single Transverse-Spin Asymmetry and Sivers Function in Large Momentum Effective Theory
• Transverse single-spin asymmetries in $p^{\uparrow }p\to \gamma X$ from quark-gluon-quark correlations in the proton
• Gauge links for transverse momentum dependent correlators at tree-level
• Single Spin Asymmetry in Forward $pA$ Collisions
• Single transverse-spin asymmetry for direct-photon and single-jet productions at RHIC
• Quark-gluon correlation functions relevant to single transverse spin asymmetries
• Hyperon polarization from the twist-3 distribution in the unpolarized proton-proton collision
• New pole contribution to $P_{h\perp }$-weighted single-transverse spin asymmetry in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering
• Longitudinal and transverse polarizations of $\Lambda$ hyperon in unpolarized SIDIS and $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ annihilation
• Transverse spin observables in hard-scattering hadronic processes within collinear factorization
• Several Topics on Transverse Momentum-Dependent Fragmentation Functions
• Hard- and soft-fermion-pole contributions to single transverse-spin asymmetry for Drell-Yan process
• One-Loop Corrections of Single Spin Asymmetries at Twist-3 in Drell-Yan Processes
• One-Loop Corrections of Single Spin Asymmetries in Semi-Inclusive DIS
• Transverse Polarization of Hyperons Produced in Semi-Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering
• Twist-3 effect from the longitudinally polarized proton for $A_{LT}$ in hadron production from $pp$ collisions
• Twist-3 fragmentation effects for $A_{LT}$ in light hadron production from proton-proton collisions
• New approach to the Sivers effect in the collinear twist-3 formalism
• Single Transverse-Spin Asymmetry in Large $P_T$ Open Charm Production at an Electron-Ion Collider
• The Fractured Boer-Mulders Effect in the Production of Polarized Baryons
• Colour unwound - disentangling colours for azimuthal asymmetries in Drell-Yan scattering
• Factorization and its Breaking in Dijet Single Transverse Spin Asymmetries in $pp$ Collisions
• On the contribution of twist-3 multi-gluon correlation functions to single transverse-spin asymmetry in SIDIS
• Fragmentation contributions to transverse nucleon spin observables in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering at NLO
• Accessing tri-gluon correlations in the nucleon via the single spin asymmetry in open charm production