Master Formula for Twist-3 Soft-Gluon-Pole Mechanism to Single Transverse-Spin Asymmetry

Abstract

Perturbative QCD relates the single transverse-spin asymmetries (SSAs) for hard processes at large transverse-momentum of produced particle to partonic matrix elements that describe interference between scattering from a coherent quark-gluon pair and from a single quark, generated through twist-3 quark-gluon correlations inside a hadron. When the coherent gluon is soft at the gluonic poles, its coupling to partonic subprocess can be systematically disentangled, so that the relevant interfering amplitude can be derived entirely from the Born diagrams for the scattering from a single quark. We establish a new formula that represents the exact rules to derive the SSA due to soft-gluon poles from the knowledge of the twist-2 cross section formula for unpolarized processes. This single master formula is applicable to a range of processes like Drell-Yan and direct-photon production, and semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering, and is also useful to manifest the gauge invariance of the results.

20 pages, 6 figures; [v2] a paragraph with new Eq. (30) added, minor modifications, typos corrected; [v3] Erratum added, and minor changes

References in corpus (7)

• A Unified Picture for Single Transverse-Spin Asymmetries in Hard Processes
• Single transverse-spin asymmetry in high transverse momentum pion production in pp collisions
• Twist-3 Formalism for Single Transverse Spin Asymmetry Reexamined: Semi-Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering
• Single Transverse-Spin Asymmetry in Drell-Yan Production at Large and Moderate Transverse Momentum
• Single-Transverse Spin Asymmetry in Semi-Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering
• Single Transverse Spin Asymmetry for Large-p_T Pion Production in Semi-Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering
• Universal Structure of Twist-3 Soft-Gluon-Pole Cross Sections for Single Transverse-Spin Asymmetry

Cited by in corpus (25)

• 50 Years of Quantum Chromodynamics
• An Observation Concerning the Process Dependence of the Sivers Functions
• Evolution of twist-3 multi-parton correlation functions relevant to single transverse-spin asymmetry
• Non-universality of transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions
• Universal Structure of Twist-3 Soft-Gluon-Pole Cross Sections for Single Transverse-Spin Asymmetry
• Single transverse-spin asymmetry for $D$-meson production in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering
• Spectral analysis of gluonic pole matrix elements for fragmentation
• Probing the three-gluon correlation functions by the single spin asymmetry in p^\uparrow p\to DX
• A phenomenological study of single transverse-spin asymmetry for inclusive light-hadron productions at RHIC
• QCD evolution of naive-time-reversal-odd parton distribution functions
• Single Transverse-Spin Asymmetry in Hadronic Dijet Production
• Higher twist parton distributions from light-cone wave functions
• A model independent analysis of gluonic pole matrix elements and universality of TMD fragmentation functions
• Transverse momentum-weighted Sivers asymmetry in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering at next-to-leading order
• Master Formula for the Three-Gluon Contribution to Single Spin Asymmetry in Semi-Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering
• Single Transverse-Spin Asymmetry and Sivers Function in Large Momentum Effective Theory
• Transverse single-spin asymmetries in $p^{\uparrow }p\to \gamma X$ from quark-gluon-quark correlations in the proton
• Longitudinal and transverse polarizations of $\Lambda$ hyperon in unpolarized SIDIS and $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ annihilation
• Transverse spin observables in hard-scattering hadronic processes within collinear factorization
• Hard- and soft-fermion-pole contributions to single transverse-spin asymmetry for Drell-Yan process
• Several Topics on Transverse Momentum-Dependent Fragmentation Functions
• Transverse Polarization of Hyperons Produced in Semi-Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering
• Colour unwound - disentangling colours for azimuthal asymmetries in Drell-Yan scattering
• Fragmentation contributions to transverse nucleon spin observables in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering at NLO
• Accessing tri-gluon correlations in the nucleon via the single spin asymmetry in open charm production