Probing spacetime around Sagittarius A* using modeled VLBI closure phases

Abstract

The emission region and black hole shadow of Sagittarius A*, the supermassive black hole at the Galactic Center, can be probed with millimeter Very Long Baseline Interferometry. Our goal is to probe the geometry of the emitting plasma around Sgr A* by using modeled mm-VLBI closure phase calculations at 1.3 mm and to constrain the observer's inclination angle and position angle of the black hole spin axis. We have simulated images for three different models of the emission of Sgr A*: an orbiting spot, a disk model, and a jet model. The orbiting spot model was used as a test case scenario, while the disk and jet models are physically driven scenarios based on standard three-dimensional general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations of hot accretion flows. Our results are compared to currently available closure phase observational limits. Our results indicate that more models with closer to edge-on viewing angles are consistent with observational limits. In general, jet and disk geometries can reproduce similar closure phases for different sets of viewing and position angles. Consequently, the favored black hole spin orientation and its magnitude are strongly model dependent. We find that both the jet and the disk models can explain current VLBI limits. We conclude that new observations at 1.3 mm and possibly at longer wavelengths including other triangles of VLBI baselines are necessary to interpret Sgr A* emission and the putative black hole spin parameters.

13 pages, 7 figures

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Cited by in corpus (15)

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• The Size, Shape, and Scattering of Sagittarius A* at 86 GHz: First VLBI with ALMA
• Investigating the Relativistic Motion of the Stars Near the Supermassive Black Hole in the Galactic Center
• Testing General Relativity with Accretion-Flow Imaging of Sgr A*
• Testing the Schwarzschild metric in a strong field region with the Event Horizon Telescope
• Polarimetric signatures of hot spots in black hole accretion flows
• Scale-invariant radio jets and varying black hole spin
• Quantifying Intrinsic Variability of Sagittarius A* using Closure Phase Measurements of the Event Horizon Telescope
• Black hole Spin Measurement Based on Time-domain VLBI Observations of Infalling Gas Cloud
• Variability in GRMHD simulations of Sgr A${}^{\ast }$: Implications for EHT closure phase observations
• Fitting the light curves of Sagittarius A* with a hot-spot model
• Micro-arcsecond structure of Sagittarius A* revealed by high-sensitivity 86 GHz VLBI observations
• Interferometric Closure Phase Uncertainties in the Low Signal-to-Noise Ratio Regime