Reduced Limit on the Permanent Electric Dipole Moment of ${}^{199}$Hg

Abstract

This paper describes the results of the most recent measurement of the permanent electric dipole moment (EDM) of neutral ${}^{199}$Hg atoms. Fused silica vapor cells containing enriched ${}^{199}$Hg are arranged in a stack in a common magnetic field. Optical pumping is used to spin-polarize the atoms orthogonal to the applied magnetic field, and the Faraday rotation of near-resonant light is observed to determine an electric-field-induced perturbation to the Larmor precession frequency. Our results for this frequency shift are consistent with zero; we find the corresponding ${}^{199}$Hg EDM $d_{Hg}=(2.20\pm 2.75_{stat}\pm 1.48_{syst})\times 10^{-30}e\cdot \text{cm}$. We use this result to place a new upper limit on the ${}^{199}$Hg EDM $|d_{Hg}|<7.4\times 10^{-30}e\cdot \text{cm}$ (95\% C.L.), improving our previous limit by a factor of 4. We also discuss the implications of this result for various $CP$-violating observables as they relate to theories of physics beyond the standard model.

5 pages, 2 figures

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