Non-linear optical effects and third-harmonic generation in superconductors: Cooper-pairs vs Higgs mode contribution

Abstract

The recent observation of a transmitted Thz pulse oscillating at three times the frequency of the incident light paves the way to a new protocol to access resonant excitations in a superconductor. Here we show that this non-linear optical process is dominated by light-induced excitation of Cooper pairs, in analogy with a standard Raman experiment. The collective amplitude (Higgs) fluctuations of the superconducting order parameter give in general a smaller contribution, unless one designs the experiment by combining properly the light polarization with the lattice symmetry.

Slightly revised introduction, to appear on Phys. Rev. B. as Rapid Communication

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• Inelastic Light Scattering From Correlated Electrons
• Amplitude / Higgs Modes in Condensed Matter Physics
• Synchronization in the BCS Pairing Dynamics as a Critical Phenomenon
• Nature and Raman signatures of the Higgs amplitude mode in the coexisting superconducting and charge-density-wave state
• Non-relativistic dynamics of the amplitude (Higgs) mode in superconductors

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• Theory of light-induced resonances with collective Higgs and Leggett modes in multiband superconductors
• Light Quantum Control of Persisting Higgs Modes in Iron-Based Superconductors
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• Collective Modes in Excitonic Insulators: Effects of Electron-Phonon Coupling and Signatures in Optical Response
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