X-ray and radio emission from Type IIn supernova SN 2010jl

Abstract

We present all X-ray and radio observations of the Type IIn supernova SN 2010jl. The X-ray observations cover a period up to day 1500 with Chandra, XMM-Newton, NuSTAR and Swift-XRT. The Chandra observations after 2012 June, the XMM-Newton observation in 2013 November, and most of the Swift-XRT observations until 2014 December are presented for the first time. All the spectra can be fitted by an absorbed hot thermal model except for \chandra spectra on 2011 October and 2012 June when an additional component is needed. Although the origin of this component is uncertain, it is spatially coincident with the supernova and occurs when there are changes to the supernova spectrum in the energy range close to that of the extra component, indicating that the emission is related to the supernova. The X-ray light curve shows an initial plateau followed by a steep drop starting at day $\sim 300$. We attribute the drop to a decrease in the circumstellar density. The column density to the X-ray emission drops rapidly with time, showing that the absorption is in the vicinity of the supernova. We also present Very Large Array radio observations of SN 2010jl. Radio emission was detected from \sn from day 570 onwards. The radio light curves and spectra suggest that the radio luminosity was close to its maximum at the first detection. The velocity of the shocked ejecta derived assuming synchrotron self absorption is much less than that estimated from the optical and X-ray observations, suggesting that free-free absorption dominates.

Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal. 21 pages (in ApJ format), 6 tables, 11 figures, Typos corrected

References in corpus (4)

• SN 2006gy: An extremely luminous supernova in the galaxy NGC 1260
• Rapid formation of large dust grains in the luminous supernova SN 2010jl
• Accurate early positions for Swift GRBS: enhancing X-ray positions with UVOT astrometry
• Near infrared spectroscopy of the type IIn SN 2010jl: evidence for high velocity ejecta

Cited by in corpus (66)

• Thermal and non-thermal emission from circumstellar interaction
• A Deep Search for Prompt Radio Emission from Thermonuclear Supernovae with the Very Large Array
• A WC/WO star exploding within an expanding carbon-oxygen-neon nebula
• Complexity in the light curves and spectra of slow-evolving superluminous supernovae
• Supernovae 2016bdu and 2005gl, and their link with SN 2009ip-like transients: another piece of the puzzle
• Connecting the progenitors, pre-explosion variability, and giant outbursts of luminous blue variables with Gaia16cfr
• The Radio Luminosity-Risetime Function of Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Cosmic ray production in supernovae
• SN 2015bh: NGC 2770's 4th supernova or a luminous blue variable on its way to a Wolf-Rayet star?
• Signatures of Circumstellar Interaction in the Unusual Transient AT2018cow
• Early hard X-rays from the nearby core-collapse supernova SN2023ixf
• Properties of Type Ibn Supernovae: Implications for the Progenitor Evolution and the Origin of a Population of Rapid Transients
• High-Energy Emission from Interacting Supernovae: New Constraints on Cosmic-Ray Acceleration in Dense Circumstellar Environments
• Point-source and diffuse high-energy neutrino emission from Type IIn supernovae
• X-ray Emission from SN 2012ca: A Type Ia-CSM Supernova Explosion in a Dense Surrounding Medium
• Discovery of the Luminous, Decades-Long, Extragalactic Radio Transient FIRST J141918.9+394036
• Delayed Shock-induced Dust Formation in the Dense Circumstellar Shell Surrounding the Type IIn Supernova SN 2010jl
• On type IIn/Ia-CSM supernovae as exemplified by SN 2012ca
• Electron scattering wings on lines in interacting supernovae
• Circumstellar interaction in supernovae in dense environments - an observational perspective
• AT 2017gbl: a dust obscured TDE candidate in a luminous infrared galaxy
• Variability-selected intermediate mass black hole candidates in dwarf galaxies from ZTF and WISE
• The Nearby Type Ibn Supernova 2015G: Signatures of Asymmetry and Progenitor Constraints
• Optical and IR observations of SN 2013L, a Type IIn Supernova surrounded by asymmetric CSM
• Optical to X-ray Signatures of Dense Circumstellar Interaction in Core-Collapse Supernovae
• The Carnegie Supernova Project II. The shock wave revealed through the fog: The strongly interacting Type IIn SN 2013L
• Indication of a Pulsar Wind Nebula in the hard X-ray emission from SN 1987A
• Supernova Interaction with a Dense Detached Shell in SN 2001em
• Late-time observations of the extraordinary Type II supernova iPTF14hls
• Type IIn SN~2010jl: probing dusty line-emitting shell
• Disentangling Dust Components in SN 2010jl: The First 1400 Days
• Shock-powered radio emission from V5589 Sagittarii (Nova Sgr 2012 1)
• ASASSN-15lh: A Superluminous Ultraviolet Rebrightening Observed by Swift and Hubble
• Two Distinct-Absorption X-Ray Components from Type IIn Supernovae: Evidence for Asphericity in the Circumstellar Medium
• Investigating the Nature of the Luminous Ambiguous Nuclear Transient ASASSN-17jz
• The Zwicky Transient Facility phase I sample of hydrogen-rich superluminous supernovae without strong narrow emission lines
• Luminous Type II supernovae for their low expansion velocities
• SN2020qlb: A hydrogen-poor superluminous supernova with well-characterized light curve undulations
• The luminous Type IIN supernova SN 2017hcc: Infrared bright, X-ray and radio faint
• A Chandra Virgo cluster survey of spiral galaxies. I. Introduction to the survey and a new ULX sample
• Where is the engine hiding its missing energy? Constraints from a deep X-ray non-detection of the Superluminous SN 2015bn
• Late-time Hubble Space Telescope Observations of AT 2018cow. II. Evolution of a UV bright Underlying Source 2--4 Yr Post-discovery
• Dust Production in a Thin Dense Shell in Supernovae with Early Circumstellar Interactions
• The Type II Superluminous SN 2008es at Late Times: Near-Infrared Excess and Circumstellar Interaction
• X-Ray Luminous Supernovae: Threats to Terrestrial Biospheres
• SN 2021adxl: A luminous nearby interacting supernova in an extremely low metallicity environment
• Probing the Soft X-ray Properties and Multi-Wavelength Variability of SN2023ixf and its Progenitor
• Constraints on the Progenitor of SN 2010jl and Pre-Existing Hot Dust in its Surrounding Medium
• The Exceptional X-ray Evolution of SN1996cr in High Resolution
• AT2018lqh and the nature of the emerging population of day-scale duration optical transients
• The infrared echo of SN2010jl and its implications for shock breakout characteristics
• The Carnegie Supernova Project II. Observations of SN 2014ab possibly revealing a 2010jl-like SN IIn with pre-existing dust
• Multi-wavelength View of the Type IIn Zoo: Optical to X-ray Emission Model of Interaction-Powered Supernovae
• A Snapshot Survey of Nearby Supernovae with the Hubble Space Telescope
• Radio Transients from Newborn Black Holes
• The Luminosity Phase Space of Galactic and Extragalactic X-ray Transients Out to Intermediate Redshifts
• X-ray supernova remnants in the starburst region of M82
• VERITAS and Fermi-LAT constraints on the Gamma-ray Emission from Superluminous Supernovae SN2015bn and SN2017egm
• An Exploration of X-ray Supernova Remnants in the Milky Way and Nearby Galaxies
• Models of Millimeter and Radio Emission from Interacting Supernovae
• Optical, near-IR and $X$-ray observations of SN 2015J and its host galaxy
• Spitzer's Last Look at Extragalactic Explosions: Long-Term Evolution of Interacting Supernovae
• Explosive and radio-selected Transients: Transient Astronomy with SKA and its Precursors
• The X-ray and Radio Loud Fast Blue Optical Transient AT2020mrf: Implications for an Emerging Class of Engine-Driven Massive Star Explosions
• A six year image-subtraction light curve of SN 2010jl
• Fading Echoes of Interaction: Probing Centuries of Preexplosion Mass-Loss in Four Type IIn Supernovae