Kuiper belt structure around nearby super-Earth host stars

Abstract

We present new observations of the Kuiper belt analogues around HD 38858 and HD 20794, hosts of super-Earth mass planets within 1 au. As two of the four nearby G-type stars (with HD 69830 and 61 Vir) that form the basis of a possible correlation between low-mass planets and debris disc brightness, these systems are of particular interest. The disc around HD 38858 is well resolved with Herschel and we constrain the disc geometry and radial structure. We also present a probable JCMT sub-mm continuum detection of the disc and a CO J=2-1 upper limit. The disc around HD 20794 is much fainter and appears marginally resolved with Herschel, and is constrained to be less extended than the discs around 61 Vir and HD 38858. We also set limits on the radial location of hot dust recently detected around HD 20794 with near-IR interferometry. We present HARPS upper limits on unseen planets in these four systems, ruling out additional super-Earths within a few au, and Saturn-mass planets within 10 au. We consider the disc structure in the three systems with Kuiper belt analogues (HD 69830 has only a warm dust detection), concluding that 61 Vir and HD 38858 have greater radial disc extent than HD 20794. We speculate that the greater width is related to the greater minimum planet masses (10-20 $M_{\oplus }$ vs. 3-5 $M_{\oplus }$), arising from an eccentric planetesimal population analogous to the Solar System's scattered disc. We discuss alternative scenarios and possible means to distinguish among them.

arXiv commentaccepted to MNRAS

References in corpus (70)

• The Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE): Mission Description and Initial On-orbit Performance
• Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction
• Herschel Space Observatory - An ESA facility for far-infrared and submillimetre astronomy
• The Spitzer Space Telescope Mission
• The Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrometer (PACS) on the Herschel Space Observatory
• Circumstellar Dust Disks in Taurus-Auriga: The Submillimeter Perspective
• New constraints on the chemical evolution of the solar neighbourhood and Galactic disc(s). Improved astrophysical parameters for the Geneva-Copenhagen Survey
• Radial Velocities for 889 Late-type Stars
• The AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared All-Sky Survey
• SCUBA-2: The 10000 pixel bolometer camera on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope
• The Geneva-Copenhagen Survey of the Solar neighbourhood III. Improved distances, ages, and kinematics
• A planetary system as the origin of structure in Fomalhaut's dust belt
• Structure and Evolution of Nearby Stars with Planets II. Physical Properties of ~1000 Cool Stars from the SPOCS Catalog
• PIONIER: a 4-telescope visitor instrument at VLTI
• Transience of hot dust around sun-like stars
• SCUBA-2: iterative map-making with the Sub-Millimetre User Reduction Facility
• CASSIS: The Cornell Atlas of Spitzer/IRS Sources
• Migration then assembly: Formation of Neptune mass planets inside 1 AU
• Debris disks around Sun-like stars
• The HARPS search for Earth-like planets in the habitable zone: I -- Very low-mass planets around HD20794, HD85512 and HD192310
• Deep counts of submillimeter galaxies
• Steady-state evolution of debris disks around A stars
• Dust Dynamics, Surface Brightness Profiles, and Thermal Spectra of Debris Disks: The Case of AU Mic
• Resonant Trapping of Planetesimals by Planet Migration: Debris Disk Clumps and Vega's Similarity to the Solar System
• An Excess Due to Small Grains Around The Nearby K0V Star HD69830: Asteroid or Cometary Debris?
• New Debris Disks Around Nearby Main Sequence Stars: Impact on The Direct Detection of Planets
• Asteroid Belts in Debris Disk Twins: VEGA and FOMALHAUT
• A 40 Myr Old Gaseous Circumstellar Disk at 49 Ceti: Massive CO-Rich Comet Clouds at Young A-Type Stars
• Debris disc stirring by secular perturbations from giant planets
• Predictions for a planet just inside Fomalhaut's eccentric ring
• The Collisional Evolution of Debris Disks
• No universal minimum-mass extrasolar nebula: Evidence against in-situ accretion of systems of hot super-Earths
• A Uniform CO Survey of the Molecular Clouds in Orion and Monoceros
• Constraining the Planetary System of Fomalhaut Using High-Resolution ALMA Observations
• Herschel imaging of 61 Vir: implications for the prevalence of debris in low-mass planetary systems
• A near-infrared interferometric survey of debris disc stars. III. First statistics based on 42 stars observed with CHARA/FLUOR
• On the Nature of the Dust in the Debris Disk Around HD69830
• Origin and Ubiquity of Short-Period Earth-like Planets: Evidence for the Sequential-Accretion Theory of Planet Formation
• Why circumstellar disks are so faint in scattered light: The case of HD 100546
• A near-infrared interferometric survey of debris-disc stars. IV. An unbiased sample of 92 southern stars observed in H-band with VLTI/PIONIER
• High Resolution HST-STIS Spectra of CI and CO in the Beta Pictoris Circumstellar Disk
• Explorations Beyond the Snow Line: Spitzer/IRS Spectra of Debris Disks Around Solar-Type Stars
• Braking the Gas in the beta Pictoris Disk
• Are debris disks self-stirred?
• Dependence of a planet's chaotic zone on particle eccentricity: the shape of debris disc inner edges
• CO mass upper limits in the Fomalhaut ring - the importance of NLTE excitation in debris discs and future prospects with ALMA
• The SEEDS Direct Imaging Survey for Planets and Scattered Dust Emission in Debris Disk Systems
• Age Determination for 346 Nearby Stars in the Herschel DEBRIS Survey
• Hot exozodiacal dust resolved around Vega with IOTA/IONIC
• Formation and structure of the three Neptune-mass planets system around HD69830
• HST and Spitzer Observations of the HD 207129 Debris Ring
• Molecular gas in young debris disks
• The AU Microscopii Debris Disk: Multiwavelength Imaging and Modeling
• An improved model of the Edgeworth-Kuiper debris disk
• An interferometric study of the Fomalhaut inner debris disk. III. Detailed models of the exozodiacal disk and its origin
• Terrestrial Planet Formation in the Presence of Migrating Super-earths
• Hubble Space Telescope Observations of the HD 202628 Debris Disk
• On the Relationship Between Debris Disks and Planets
• Resolving the hot dust around HD69830 and eta Corvi with MIDI and VISIR
• Correlations between the stellar, planetary and debris components of exoplanet systems observed by $\text{Herschel}$
• Planet formation around stars of various masses: Hot super-Earths
• Target selection for the SUNS and DEBRIS surveys for debris discs in the solar neighbourhood
• Confusion limited surveys: using WISE to quantify the rarity of warm dust around Kepler stars
• The lunar phases of dust grains orbiting Fomalhaut
• Observing planet-disk interaction in debris disks
• Multi-Epoch Observations of HD69830: High Resolution Spectroscopy and Limits to Variability
• Star - Planet - Debris Disk Alignment in the HD 82943 system: Is planetary system coplanarity actually the norm?
• Higher depletion of lithium in planet host stars: no age and mass effect
• Searching for faint companions with VLTI/PIONIER. II. 92 main sequence stars from the Exozodi survey
• Dynamical Simulations of the Planetary System HD69830

Cited by in corpus (29)

• Debris Disks: Structure, Composition, and Variability
• Detection of exocometary CO within the 440 Myr-old Fomalhaut belt: a similar CO+CO${}_2$ ice abundance in exocomets and Solar System comets
• SONS: The JCMT legacy survey of debris discs in the submillimetre
• Incidence of debris discs around FGK stars in the solar neighbourhood
• An Empirical Planetesimal Belt Radius - Stellar Luminosity Relation
• Polarization measurements of hot dust stars and the local interstellar medium
• Insights into the planetary dynamics of HD 206893 with ALMA
• The intrinsic and interstellar broadband linear polarization of nearby FGK dwarfs
• Evidence for at least three planet candidates orbiting HD20794
• ALMA observations of the multiplanet system 61 Vir: What lies outside super-Earth systems?
• Is there more than meets the eye? Presence and role of submicron grains in debris discs
• No significant correlation between radial velocity planet presence and debris disc properties
• Empty gaps? Depleting annular regions in debris discs by secular resonance with a two-planet system
• Kuiper Belt Analogues in Nearby M-type Planet-host Systems
• A near-infrared interferometric survey of debris-disk stars. VII. The hot/warm dust connection
• Comprehensive analysis of HD 105, a young Solar System analog
• Hot Grain Dynamics by Electric Charging and Magnetic Trapping in Debris Disks
• Galactic perturbations on the population of wide binary stars with exoplanets
• Using warm dust to constrain unseen planets
• HD 38858: a solar type star with a $\sim$10.8 yr activity cycle. Searching for Balmer and metallic line variations
• Artificial Intelligence for Interstellar Travel
• Flybys in debris disk systems with Gaia eDR3
• An Integrative Analysis of the Rich Planetary System of the Nearby Star e Eridani: Ideal Targets For Exoplanet Imaging and Biosignature Searches
• Worlds Next Door: A Candidate Giant Planet Imaged in the Habitable Zone of $\alpha$ Cen A. I. Observations, Orbital and Physical Properties, and Exozodi Upper Limits
• Dynamical Constraints on Outer Planets in Super-Earth Systems
• Influence of planets on debris disks in star clusters I: the 50 AU Jupiter
• Planetary system architectures with low-mass inner planets: Direct imaging exploration of mature systems beyond 1 au
• Radial velocity analysis of stars with debris discs
• Using Intermediate-Luminosity Optical Transients (ILOTs) to reveal extended extra-solar Kuiper belt objects