Emergence of coherence and the dynamics of quantum phase transitions
arXiv:1403.7199 · doi:10.1073/pnas.1408861112
Abstract
The dynamics of quantum phase transitions poses one of the most challenging problems in modern many-body physics. Here, we study a prototypical example in a clean and well-controlled ultracold atom setup by observing the emergence of coherence when crossing the Mott insulator to superfluid quantum phase transition. In the one-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model, we find perfect agreement between experimental observations and numerical simulations for the resulting coherence length. We thereby perform a largely certified analogue quantum simulation of this strongly correlated system reaching beyond the regime of free quasiparticles. Experimentally, we additionally explore the emergence of coherence in higher dimensions where no classical simulations are available, as well as for negative temperatures. For intermediate quench velocities, we observe a power-law behaviour of the coherence length, reminiscent of the Kibble-Zurek mechanism. However, we find exponents that strongly depend on the final interaction strength and thus lie outside the scope of this mechanism.
5 pages, 4 figures + supplementary material
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Cited by in corpus (18)
- Critical Dynamics of Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking in a Homogeneous Bose gas
- Emergence of coherence in a uniform quasi-two-dimensional Bose gas
- Eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) and integrability in quantum spin chains
- Probing the Dynamics of Superradiant Quantum Phase Transition in a Single Trapped-Ion
- Exploring the Kibble-Zurek mechanism with homogeneous Bose gases
- Dynamics of a quantum phase transition in the 1D Bose-Hubbard model: excitations and correlations induced by a quench
- Dynamical quantum phase transition in a system of non-interacting bosons
- Dynamic off-equilibrium transition in systems slowly driven across thermal first-order phase transitions
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- Anti-Kibble-Zurek behavior of a noisy transverse-field XY chain and its quantum simulation with two-level systems
- Temporal decay of Neel order in the one-dimensional Fermi-Hubbard model
- Kibble-Zurek mechanism in the self-organization of a cold atomic cloud
- Persistent oscillations versus thermalization in the quench dynamics of quantum gases with long-range interactions
- Catastrophes in non-equilibrium many-particle wave functions: universality and critical scaling
- Dimensional crossover of Bose-Einstein condensation phenomena in quantum gases confined within slab geometries
- Observation of atom-number fluctuations in optical lattices via quantum collapse and revival dynamics
- Non-adiabatic quantum phase transition in a trapped spinor condensate
- Analogue Quantum Simulation: A Philosophical Prospectus