Expansion of a quantum gas released from an optical lattice

Abstract

We analyze the interference pattern produced by ultracold atoms released from an optical lattice. Such interference patterns are commonly interpreted as the momentum distributions of the trapped quantum gas. We show that for finite time-of-flights the resulting density distribution can, however, be significantly altered, similar to a near-field diffraction regime in optics. We illustrate our findings with a simple model and realistic quantum Monte Carlo simulations for bosonic atoms, and compare the latter to experiments.

5 pages, 3 figures

References in corpus (7)

• Quantum phase transition from a superfluid to a Mott insulator in a gas of ultracold atoms
• Bose-Fermi Mixtures in a Three-dimensional Optical Lattice
• Localization of bosonic atoms by fermionic impurities in a 3d optical lattice
• Degenerate Bose-Bose mixture in a three-dimensional optical lattice
• Interference pattern and visibility of a Mott insulator
• Criterion for bosonic superfluidity in an optical lattice
• Theory of correlations between ultra-cold bosons released from an optical lattice

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