Photoassociation of long-range $nD$ Rydberg molecules

Abstract

We observe long-range homonuclear diatomic $nD$ Rydberg molecules photoassociated out of an ultracold gas of ${}^{87}$Rb atoms for 34$\le n\le$40. The measured ground-state binding energies of ${}^{87}$Rb$(nD-5S_{1/2})$ molecular states are larger than those of their ${}^{87}$Rb$(nS-5S_{1/2})$ counterparts, showing the dependence of the molecular bond on the angular momentum of the Rydberg atom. We exhibit the transition of ${}^{87}$Rb$(nD-5S_{1/2})$ molecules from a molecular-binding-dominant regime at low $n$ to a fine-structure-dominant regime at high $n$ [akin to Hund's cases (a) and (c), respectively]. In the analysis the fine structure of the $nD$ Rydberg atom and the hyperfine structure of the $5S_{1/2}$ atom are included.

5 pages, 5 figures

References in corpus (1)

• Alignment of D-state Rydberg molecules

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