A Hamiltonian for the inclusion of spin effects in long-range Rydberg molecules

Abstract

The interaction between a Rydberg electron and a neutral atom situated inside its extended orbit is described via contact interactions for each atom-electron scattering channel. In ultracold environments, these interactions lead to ultra-long-range molecular states with binding energies typically ranging from $10$-$10^4$MHz. These energies are comparable to the relativistic and hyperfine structure of the separate atomic components. Studies of molecular formation aiming to reproduce observations with spectroscopic accuracy must therefore include the hyperfine splitting of the neutral atom and the spin-orbit splittings of both the Rydberg atom and the electron-atom interaction. Adiabatic potential energy curves that fully include these additional effects are presented for Rb${}_2$ and Cs${}_2$. The influence of spin degrees of freedom on the potential energy curves and molecular multipole moments probed in recent experimental work is elucidated and contrasted with other recent theoretical effort in this direction.

14 pages, 10 figures

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Cited by in corpus (42)

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• Rydberg superatoms: An artificial quantum system for quantum information processing and quantum optics
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• Trilobites, butterflies, and other exotic specimens of long-range Rydberg molecules
• Precision spectroscopy of negative-ion resonances in ultralong-range Rydberg molecules
• Rydberg molecules for ion-atom scattering in the ultracold regime
• Photo-association of trilobite Rydberg molecules via resonant spin-orbit coupling
• Vibrational dressing in Kinetically Constrained Rydberg Spin Systems
• Experimental realization of a Rydberg optical Feshbach resonance in a quantum many-body system
• Deeply bound (24$D_J$ + 5$S_{1/2}$) ${}^{87}$Rb and ${}^{85}$Rb molecules for eight spin couplings
• Effective three-body interactions in Cs($6s$)-Cs($nd$) Rydberg trimers
• Formation of long-range Rydberg molecules in two-component ultracold gases
• Heteronuclear long-range Rydberg molecules
• Dressed ion-pair states of an ultralong-range Rydberg molecule
• Anisotropic blockade using pendular Rydberg butterfly molecules
• Vibronic interactions in trilobite and butterfly Rydberg molecules
• Alignment of s-state Rydberg molecules in magnetic fields
• Spin-Interaction Effects for Ultralong-range Rydberg Molecules in a Magnetic Field
• Observation of spin-orbit-dependent electron scattering using long-range Rydberg molecules
• Electric field-induced wave-packet dynamics and geometrical rearrangement of trilobite Rydberg molecules
• Generalized local frame transformation theory for ultralong-range Rydberg molecules
• An ultracold heavy Rydberg system formed from ultra-long-range molecules bound in a stairwell potential
• Non-adiabatic decay of Rydberg-atom-ion molecules
• Diffusive-like Redistribution in State-changing Collisions between Rydberg Atoms and Ground State Atoms
• Rydberg Composites
• Formation of ultracold ion pairs through long-range Rydberg molecules
• Non-adiabatic interaction effects in the spectra of ultralong-range Rydberg molecules
• Green's function treatment of Rydberg molecules with spins
• The building principle of triatomic trilobite Rydberg molecules
• Photoassociation of rovibrational Rydberg molecules
• Individual assembly of two-species Rydberg molecules using optical tweezers
• Photodissociation of long-range Rydberg molecules
• The role of Coulomb anti-blockade in the photoassociation of long-range Rydberg molecules
• Triatomic butterfly molecules
• Ultralong-range Rydberg molecules of Hg atoms
• Tunable pairing with local spin-dependent Rydberg molecule potentials in an atomic Fermi superfluid
• Long-range Rydberg molecule Rb${}_2$: Two-electron \textit{R}-matrix calculations at intermediate internuclear distances
• Internal diffraction dynamics of trilobite molecules
• Angular-Momentum Couplings in Ultra-Long-Range Giant Dipole Molecules
• Electron cloud design for Rydberg multi-qubit gates
• On the electrostatic interactions involving long-range Rydberg molecules
• Spin-orbit-dependent lifetimes of long-range Rydberg molecules