Spin-Interaction Effects for Ultralong-range Rydberg Molecules in a Magnetic Field

Abstract

We investigate the fine and spin structure of ultralong-range Rydberg molecules exposed to a homogeneous magnetic field. Each molecule consists of a ${}^{87}$Rb Rydberg atom whose outer electron interacts via spin-dependent $s$- and p-wave scattering with a polarizable ${}^{87}$Rb ground state atom. Our model includes also the hyperfine structure of the ground state atom as well as spin-orbit couplings of the Rydberg and ground state atom. We focus on $d$-Rydberg states and principal quantum numbers $n$ in the vicinity of 40. The electronic structure and vibrational states are determined in the framework of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation for varying field strengths ranging from a few up to hundred Gauß. The results show that the interplay between the scattering interactions and the spin couplings gives rise to a large variety of molecular states in different spin configurations as well as in different spatial arrangements that can be tuned by the magnetic field. This includes relatively regularly shaped energy surfaces in a regime where the Zeeman splitting is large compared to the scattering interaction but small compared to the Rydberg fine structure, as well as more complex structures for both, weaker and stronger fields. We quantify the impact of spin couplings by comparing the extended theory to a spin-independent model.

10 pages, 9 figures

References in corpus (6)

• Production of trilobite Rydberg molecule dimers with thousand-Debye permanent electric dipole moments
• Ultracold atom-electron interaction: from two to many-body physics
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• Formation of long-range Rydberg molecules in two-component ultracold gases
• Alignment of s-state Rydberg molecules in magnetic fields
• Observation of spin-orbit-dependent electron scattering using long-range Rydberg molecules
• Electric field-induced wave-packet dynamics and geometrical rearrangement of trilobite Rydberg molecules
• Rydberg Composites
• The building principle of triatomic trilobite Rydberg molecules
• Individual assembly of two-species Rydberg molecules using optical tweezers
• Triatomic butterfly molecules
• Ultralong-range Rydberg molecules of Hg atoms
• Internal diffraction dynamics of trilobite molecules