Breakdown of I-Love-Q universality in rapidly rotating relativistic stars

Abstract

It was shown recently, that normalized relations between the moment of inertia (I), the quadrupole moment (Q) and the tidal deformability (Love number) exist and for slowly-rotating neutron stars they are almost independent of the equation of state (EOS). We extend the computation of the I-Q relation to models rotating up to the mass-shedding limit and show that the universality of the relations is lost. With increasing rotation rate, the normalized I-Q relation departs significantly from its slow-rotation limit deviating up to 40% for neutron stars and up to 75% for strange stars. The deviation is also EOS dependent and for a broad set of hadronic and strange matter EOS the spread due to rotation is comparable to the spread due to the EOS, if one considers sequences with fixed rotational frequency. Still, for a restricted sample of modern realistic EOS one can parameterize the deviations from universality as a function of rotation only. The previously proposed I-Love-Q relations should thus be used with care, because they lose their universality in astrophysical situations involving compact objects rotating faster than a few hundred Hz.

8 pages, 4 figures; v2-Results extended to additional EOS; v3-Match the journal version

References in corpus (5)

• Constraining neutron star tidal Love numbers with gravitational wave detectors
• The Nuclear Equation of State and Neutron Star Masses
• Further explorations of Skyrme-Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov mass formulas. XII: Stiffness and stability of neutron-star matter
• Constraints on neutron star radii based on chiral effective field theory interactions
• Beyond second-order convergence in simulations of binary neutron stars in full general-relativity

Cited by in corpus (92)

• Testing General Relativity with Present and Future Astrophysical Observations
• The Effective Field Theorist's Approach to Gravitational Dynamics
• Approximate Universal Relations for Neutron Stars and Quark Stars
• Maximum mass, moment of inertia and compactness of relativistic stars
• Spectral properties of the post-merger gravitational-wave signal from binary neutron stars
• Implications from GW170817 and I-Love-Q relations for relativistic hybrid stars
• Rotating Stars in Relativity
• No-hair theorem for Black Holes in Astrophysical Environments
• Rotational properties of hypermassive neutron stars from binary mergers
• I-Love-Q, Spontaneously: Slowly Rotating Neutron Stars in Scalar-Tensor Theories
• Effective No-Hair Relations for Neutron Stars and Quark Stars: Relativistic Results
• Effectively universal behavior of rotating neutron stars in general relativity makes them even simpler than their Newtonian counterparts
• I-Q relation for rapidly rotating neutron stars
• Tidal Love numbers of a slowly spinning neutron star
• Tidal deformation of a slowly rotating material body. External metric
• Tidal deformability and I-Love-Q relations for gravastars with polytropic thin shells
• A new temperature dependent hyperonic equation of state: application to rotating neutron star models and I-Q-relations
• Multipolar universal relations between f-mode frequency and tidal deformability of compact stars
• I-Love-Q relations for a gravastar and the approach to the black-hole limit
• Fast Rotating Neutron Stars with Realistic Nuclear Matter Equation of State
• Quadrupole Moments of Rapidly Rotating Compact Objects in Dilatonic Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet Theory
• Inferring neutron star properties from GW170817 with universal relations
• Tidal deformation of a slowly rotating black hole
• Dark stars: gravitational and electromagnetic observables
• Rapidly Rotating Neutron Stars in Dilatonic Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet Theory
• Rapidly rotating neutron stars in $R$-squared gravity
• Proto-neutron stars with heavy baryons and universal relations
• Rapidly rotating neutron stars with a massive scalar field - structure and universal relations
• Universality of the Acceleration Due to Gravity on the Surface of a Rapidly Rotating Neutron Star
• I-Love-Q anisotropically: Universal relations for compact stars with scalar pressure anisotropy
• Why I-Love-Q
• Signatures for quark matter from multi-messenger observations
• Rotating proto-neutron stars: spin evolution, maximum mass and I-Love-Q relations
• Probing the Internal Composition of Neutron Stars with Gravitational Waves
• Universal I-Q relations for rapidly rotating neutron and strange stars in scalar-tensor theories
• Three-Hair Relations for Rotating Stars: Nonrelativistic Limit
• The mass-radius relation for neutron stars in $f(R)=R+\alpha R^2$ gravity: a comparison between purely metric and torsion formulations
• Maximum mass of compact stars from gravitational wave events with finite-temperature equations of state
• The I-Q relations for rapidly rotating neutron stars in $f(R)$ gravity
• Neutron star universal relations with microscopic equations of state
• Multipole moments in scalar-tensor theory of gravity
• Gravitational wave asteroseismology of neutron and strange stars in $R^2$ gravity
• Low-mass neutron stars: universal relations, the nuclear symmetry energy and gravitational radiation
• Relativistic theory of surficial Love numbers
• Gravitomagnetic tidal effects in gravitational waves from neutron star binaries
• Unveiling the universality of I-Love-Q relations
• Holographic approach to compact stars and their binary mergers
• Tidal deformation of a slowly rotating material body: Interior metric and Love numbers
• Moment of inertia -- compactness universal relations in scalar-tensor theories and ${\mathcal{R}}^2$ gravity
• Toward Realistic and Practical No-Hair Relations for Neutron Stars in the Non-Relativistic Limit
• Dynamical response to a stationary tidal field
• Improved Universality in the Neutron Star Three-Hair Relations
• I-Love-Q Relations for Neutron Stars in dynamical Chern Simons Gravity
• Moment of inertia, quadrupole moment, Love number of neutron star and their relations with strange matter equations of state
• Universal Relations and Alternative Gravity Theories
• Moment of inertia - mass universal relations for neutron stars in scalar-tensor theory with self-interacting massive scalar field
• Universal relations for the Keplerian sequence of rotating neutron stars
• Modelling a $2.5M_{\odot }$ Compact Star with Quark Matter
• Spin and quadrupole contributions to the motion of astrophysical binaries
• Universal relations for compact stars with heavy baryons
• Universality and stationarity of the I-Love relation for self-bound stars
• New quasi-universal relations for static and rapid rotating neutron stars
• The I-Love-Q Relations for Superfluid Neutron Stars
• Universal relations for innermost stable circular orbits around rapidly rotating neutron stars
• Investigating the I-Love-Q and w-mode Universal Relations Using Piecewise Polytropes
• The heavier the better: how to constrain mass ratios and spins of high-mass neutron-star mergers
• Epicyclic oscillations in the Hartle-Thorne external geometry
• Universal behavior of compact star based upon gravitational binding energy
• Universal relations for compact stars with exotic degrees of freedom
• Constructing Love-Q-Relations with Gravitational Wave Detections
• Critical mass, moment of inertia and universal relations of rapidly rotating neutron stars with exotic matter
• I-Love-Q to the extreme
• Universal Relations for rapidly rotating neutron stars using supervised machine-learning techniques
• Nonvalidity of I-Love-Q Relations for Hot White Dwarf Stars
• Spontaneous Radiation of Black Holes
• A tight universal relation between the shape eccentricity and the moment of inertia for rotating neutron stars
• Universal Relations For Generic Family Of Neutron Star Equations Of State
• Four-Hair Relations for Differentially Rotating Neutron Stars in the Weak-Field Limit
• Universal relations to measure neutron star properties from targeted r-mode searches
• Compact star deformation and universal relationship for magnetized white dwarfs
• Rotational Properties of Inverted Hybrid Stars
• I-C-Q relations for rapidly rotating stable hybrid stars
• Innermost stable circular orbits of neutron stars in dilatonic-Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory
• Effect of symmetry energy on properties of rapidly rotating neutron stars and universal relations
• Scalarized neutron stars with a highly relativistic core in scalar-tensor gravity
• Precise constraint on properties of neutron stars through new universal relations and astronomical observations
• Inferring neutron-star Love-Q relations from gravitational waves in the hierarchical Bayesian framework
• Properties of rapidly rotating hot neutron stars within Brueckner theory
• Rotation-dependent $I$-Love-$Q$-$\delta M$ relations in perturbation theory
• Equation-of-State Independent Relations in Rapidly Rotating Hybrid Stars
• Universal relation between dipole polarizability of finite nuclei and neutron-star compactness
• Universal Relations for the Increase in the Mass and Radius of a Rotating Neutron Star