Spinodal density enhancements in simulations of relativistic nuclear collisions

Abstract

We recently introduced a fluid-dynamical model for simulating relativistic nuclear collisions in the presence of a first-order phase transition and made explorative studies of head-on lead-lead collisions. We give here a more detailed account of this novel theoretical tool and carry out more exhaustive studies of the phase-separation dynamics. Extracting the density enhancement caused by the spinodal instabilities, the associated clump size distribution, and the resulting transverse flow velocity, we examine the sensitivity of these quantities to the strength of the gradient term that promotes the phase separation, to the details of the initial density fluctuations that form the seeds for the subsequent amplification, and to the equation of state.

11 pages, 14 figures, version accepted by PRC

References in corpus (11)

• The QCD equation of state with dynamical quarks
• Fully integrated transport approach to heavy ion reactions with an intermediate hydrodynamic stage
• The QCD phase diagram at nonzero quark density
• The chiral critical point of Nf=3 QCD at finite density to the order (mu/T)^4
• Spinodal amplification of density fluctuations in fluid-dynamical simulations of relativistic nuclear collisions
• Phase transition dynamics for baryon-dense matter
• (3+1)-Dimensional Hydrodynamic Expansion with a Critical Point from Realistic Initial Conditions
• Phase diagram and surface tension in the three-flavor Polyakov-quark-meson model
• Density fluctuations in the presence of spinodal instabilities
• Directed and elliptic flow in heavy ion collisions from $E_{\mathrm{beam}}=90$ MeV/nucleon to $E_{c.m.}=200$ GeV/nucleon
• $<m_T>$ excitation function: Freeze-out and equation of state dependence

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• Dynamical exploring the QCD matter at finite temperatures and densities-a short review
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• Spinodal Instabilities of Baryon-Rich Quark-gluon Plasma in the PNJL Model
• Probing criticality with deep learning in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
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• Calculating n-Point Charge Correlations in Evolving Systems
• Molecular dynamics analysis of particle number fluctuations in the mixed phase of a first-order phase transition
• Consistent Implementation of Finite-Range Terms into Hydrodynamics
• Momentum correlation of light nuclei in Au + Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.0 $\sim$ 7.7 GeV
• Conserved Charge Fluctuations in a Chiral Hadronic Model including Hadrons and Quarks
• The BEST framework for the search for the QCD critical point and the chiral magnetic effect
• RMF models with $\sigma$-scaled hadron masses and couplings for description of heavy-ion collisions below 2A GeV
• Covariant formulation of spinodal decomposition in rapidly expanding quark gluon plasma
• Observables of non-equilibrium phase transition
• Lattice-based equation of state with a critical point from constant entropy contours and its comparison to effective QCD approaches
• Evolution of quasiperiodic structures in non-ideal hydrodynamic description of phase transitions