Virgo Cluster and field dwarf ellipticals in 3D: I. On the variety of stellar kinematic and line-strength properties

Abstract

We present the first large-scale stellar kinematic and line-strength maps for dwarf elliptical galaxies (9 in the Virgo Cluster and 3 in the field environment) obtained with the SAURON integral-field unit. No two galaxies in our sample are alike: we see that the level of rotation is not tied to flattening (we have, e.g. round rotators and flattened nonrotators); we observe kinematic twists in 1 Virgo and 1 field object; we discover large-scale kinematically-decoupled components in 2 field galaxies; we see varying gradients in line-strength maps, from nearly flat to strongly peaked in the center. The great variety of morphological, kinematic, and stellar population parameters seen in our data points to a formation scenario in which properties are shaped stochastically. A combined effect of ram-pressure stripping and galaxy harassment is the most probable explanation. We show the need for a comprehensive analysis of kinematic, dynamical, and stellar population properties which will enable us to place dwarf ellipticals and processes that govern their evolution in the wider context of galaxy formation.

accepted for publication in MNRAS; 34 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables; missing references files added; high resolution version available at https://dl.dropbox.com/u/18763182/A.Rys_SAURON_dwarfs_P1.pdf

References in corpus (19)

• Evolutionary Stellar Population Synthesis with MILES. Part I: The Base Models and a New Line Index System
• The SAURON project -- IX. A kinematic classification for early-type galaxies
• The SAURON project -- X. The orbital anisotropy of elliptical and lenticular galaxies: revisiting the (V/sigma,epsilon) diagram with integral-field stellar kinematics
• The ACS Virgo Cluster Survey. VIII. The Nuclei of Early-Type Galaxies
• The Importance of Satellite Quenching for the Build-Up of the Red Sequence of Present Day Galaxies
• A Revised Parallel-Sequence Morphological Classification of Galaxies: Structure and Formation of S0 and Spheroidal Galaxies
• The ACS Virgo Cluster Survey. XII. The Luminosity Function of Globular Clusters in Early Type Galaxies
• The origin of dwarf ellipticals in the Virgo cluster
• Environmental Effects on Satellite Galaxies: The Link Between Concentration, Size and Colour Profile
• Virgo cluster early-type dwarf galaxies with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. III. Subpopulations: distributions, shapes, origins
• The SAURON project - VI. Line strength maps of 48 elliptical and lenticular galaxies
• Virgo cluster early-type dwarf galaxies with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. I. On the possible disk nature of bright early-type dwarfs
• Evolution of dwarf early-type galaxies I. Spatially resolved stellar populations and internal kinematics of Virgo cluster dE/dS0 galaxies
• A spectroscopic survey of dwarf galaxies in the Coma Cluster: Stellar populations, environment and downsizing
• The relation between stellar populations, structure and environment for dwarf elliptical galaxies from the MAGPOP-ITP
• Virgo cluster early-type dwarf galaxies with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. IV. The color-magnitude relation
• How effective is harassment on infalling late-type dwarfs?
• Dissecting early-type dwarf galaxies into their multiple components
• Ram pressure drag - the effects of ram pressure on dark matter and stellar disk dynamics

Cited by in corpus (46)

• The Data Analysis Pipeline for the SDSS-IV MaNGA IFU Galaxy Survey: Overview
• The wide-field, multiplexed, spectroscopic facility WEAVE: Survey design, overview, and simulated implementation
• On the origin of the faint-end of the red sequence in high density environments
• Stellar kinematics across the Hubble sequence in the CALIFA survey: General properties and aperture corrections
• The ALMA Fornax Cluster Survey I: stirring and stripping of the molecular gas in cluster galaxies
• On the Assembly of Dwarf Galaxies in Clusters and their Efficient Formation of Globular Clusters
• A near-infrared census of the multi-component stellar structure of early-type dwarf galaxies in the Virgo cluster
• Stellar Kinematics and Structural Properties of Virgo Cluster Dwarf Early-Type Galaxies from the SMAKCED Project III. Rotation versus Pressure Support
• Stellar Kinematics and Structural Properties of Virgo Cluster Dwarf Early-Type Galaxies from the SMAKCED Project II. The Survey and a Systematic Analysis of Kinematic Anomalies and Asymmetries
• The Next Generation Virgo Cluster Survey. XII. Stellar Populations and Kinematics of Compact, Low-Mass Early-Type Galaxies from Gemini GMOS-IFU Spectroscopy
• The CALIFA view on stellar angular momentum across the Hubble sequence
• Virgo Cluster and field dwarf ellipticals in 3D - II. Internal dynamics points to tidal harassment?
• Climbing to the top of the galactic mass ladder: evidence for frequent prolate-like rotation among the most massive galaxies
• Being WISE I: Validating Stellar Population Models and M/L ratios at 3.4 and 4.6 microns
• Stellar Kinematics and Structural Properties of Virgo Cluster Dwarf Early-Type Galaxies from the SMAKCED Project. I. Kinematically Decoupled Cores and Implications for Infallen Groups in Clusters
• The stellar metallicity gradients of Local Group dwarf galaxies
• Abundance ratios and IMF slope in the dwarf elliptical galaxy NGC~1396 with MUSE
• HST/ACS Direct Ages of the Dwarf Elliptical Galaxies NGC 147 and NGC 185
• SDSS-IV MaNGA: Faint quenched galaxies I- Sample selection and evidence for environmental quenching
• The hELENa project - I. Stellar populations of early-type galaxies linked with local environment and galaxy mass
• Implications for the origin of early-type dwarf galaxies --- the discovery of rotation in isolated, low-mass early-type galaxies
• The SAMI -- Fornax Dwarfs Survey I: Sample, observations and the specific stellar angular momentum of dwarf elliptical galaxies
• Evidence for the rapid formation of low mass early-type galaxies in dense environments
• The properties of dwarf spheroidal galaxies in the Cen A group: Stellar populations, internal dynamics, and a heart-shaped Halpha ring
• Tidal Interaction as the origin of early-type dwarf galaxies in group environment
• On the origin of bursts in blue compact dwarf galaxies: clues from kinematics and stellar populations
• Virgo cluster and field dwarf ellipticals in 3D: III. Spatially and temporally resolved stellar populations
• On the accretion of a new group of galaxies onto Virgo: I. Internal kinematics of nine in-falling dEs
• The Herschel Virgo Cluster Survey XIV: transition-type dwarf galaxies in the Virgo cluster
• Stellar Population Synthesis with Distinct Kinematics: Multi-Age Asymmetric Drift in SDSS-IV MaNGA Galaxies
• The inner mass distribution of late-type spiral galaxies from SAURON stellar kinematic maps
• The SAMI -- Fornax Dwarfs Survey II: The Stellar Mass Fundamental Plane and the Dark Matter fraction of Dwarf Galaxies
• New Surface Brightness Fluctuations Spectroscopic Technique: NGC4449 and its Stellar Tidal Stream
• The Next Generation Virgo Cluster Survey XVI. The Angular Momentum of Dwarf Early-Type Galaxies from Globular Cluster Satellites
• Abundance ratios in dwarf elliptical galaxies
• Formation of Blue-cored Dwarf Early-type Galaxies in a Cluster Environment: a Kinematical Perspective
• The scaling relations of early-type dwarf galaxies across a range of environments
• HI in Virgo's "Red and Dead" Dwarf Ellipticals - A Tidal Tail and Central Star Formation
• Kinematics of dwarf galaxies in gas-rich groups, and the survival and detectability of tidal dwarf galaxies
• Trends in Dwarf Early-Type Kinematics with Cluster-centric Radius Driven By Tidal Stirring
• The interstellar medium in Andromeda's dwarf spheroidal galaxies: II. Multi-phase gas content and ISM conditions
• Denuded Dwarfs Demystified: Gas Loss from dSph Progenitors and Implications for the Minimum Mass of Galaxies
• Structure and Evolution of Dwarf Galaxies
• Star-forming Galaxies in Intermediate Redshift Clusters: Stellar vs. Dynamical Masses of Luminous Compact Blue Galaxies
• Non-solar abundance ratios trends of dEs in Fornax Cluster using newly defined high resolution indices
• The dynamical state of bars in cluster dwarf galaxies: The cases of NGC 4483 and NGC 4516