Not Dead Yet: Cool Circumgalactic Gas in the Halos of Early Type Galaxies

Abstract

We report new observations of circumgalactic gas in the halos of early type galaxies obtained by the COS-Halos Survey with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph onboard the Hubble Space Telescope. We find that detections of HI surrounding early type galaxies are typically as common and strong as around star-forming galaxies, implying that the total mass of circumgalactic material is comparable in the two populations. For early type galaxies, the covering fraction for HI absorption above 10^16 cm^2 is ~40-50% within ~150 kpc. Line widths and kinematics of the detected material show it to be cold (T ~< 10^5 K) in comparison to the virial temperature of the host halos. The implied masses of cool, photoionized CGM baryons may be up to 10^9 --- 10^11 Msun. Contrary to some theoretical expectations, strong halo HI absorbers do not disappear as part of the quenching of star-formation. Even passive galaxies retain significant reservoirs of halo baryons which could replenish the interstellar gas reservoir and eventually form stars. This halo gas may feed the diffuse and molecular gas that is frequently observed inside ETGs.

6 pages, 5 figures. Accepted to ApJL

References in corpus (5)

• A High-Resolution Survey of Low-Redshift QSO Absorption Lines: Statistics and Physical Conditions of O VI Absorbers
• The Source of Ionization along the Magellanic Stream
• EVLA Observations of Galactic Supernova Remnants: Wide-field Continuum and Spectral-index Imaging
• Observing the End of Cold Flow Accretion using Halo Absorption Systems
• A STIS Survey for OVI Absorption Systems at 0.12 < z < 0.5 II.: Physical Conditions of the Ionised Gas

Cited by in corpus (121)

• The Circumgalactic Medium
• The COS-Halos Survey: Physical Conditions and Baryonic Mass in the Low-Redshift Circumgalactic Medium
• Cool Outflows in Galaxies and their Implications
• The COS-Halos Survey: Rationale, Design, and A Census of Circumgalactic Neutral Hydrogen
• The COS-Halos Survey: An Empirical Description of the Metal-Line Absorption in the Low-Redshift Circumgalactic Medium
• A Budget and Accounting of Metals at z~0: Results from the COS-Halos Survey
• The low density and magnetization of a massive galaxy halo exposed by a fast radio burst
• Characterizing the Circumgalactic Medium of Nearby Galaxies with HST/COS and HST/STIS Absorption-Line Spectroscopy
• The COS-Dwarfs Survey: The Carbon Reservoir Around sub-L* Galaxies
• Figuring Out Gas & Galaxies in Enzo (FOGGIE). I. Resolving Simulated Circumgalactic Absorption at 2 < z < 2.5
• Probing Galactic Halos with Fast Radio Bursts
• Raining on black holes and massive galaxies: the top-down multiphase condensation model
• The Impact of Star Formation Feedback on the Circumgalactic Medium
• Tracing Inflows and Outflows with Absorption Lines in Circumgalactic Gas
• Characterizing Circumgalactic Gas around Massive Ellipticals at z~0.4 - II. Physical Properties and Elemental Abundances
• Mining Circumgalactic Baryons in the Low-Redshift Universe
• The Role of Cosmic Ray Transport in Shaping the Simulated Circumgalactic Medium
• Zooming in on accretion - II. Cold Circumgalactic Gas Simulated with a super-Lagrangian Refinement Scheme
• Evidence for a Massive, Extended Circumgalactic Medium Around the Andromeda Galaxy
• Quasars Probing Quasars VII. The Pinnacle of the Cool Circumgalactic Medium Surrounds Massive z~2 Galaxies
• Connection Between the Circumgalactic Medium and the Interstellar Medium of Galaxies: Results from the COS-GASS Survey
• Hydrogen and Metal Line Absorption Around Low-Redshift Galaxies in Cosmological Hydrodynamic Simulations
• A Universal Density Structure for Circum-Galactic Gas
• The ATLAS3D project - XXII. Low-efficiency star formation in early-type galaxies: hydrodynamic models and observations
• Under Pressure: Quenching Star Formation in Low-Mass Satellite Galaxies via Stripping
• The Column Density, Kinematics, and Thermal State of Metal-Bearing Gas within the Virial Radius of z~2 Star-Forming Galaxies in the Keck Baryonic Structure Survey
• Hot Atmospheres, Cold Gas, AGN Feedback and the Evolution of Early Type Galaxies: a Topical Perspective
• Flickering AGN can explain the strong circumgalactic O VI observed by COS-Halos
• The Impact of Cosmic Rays on Thermal Instability in the Circumgalactic Medium
• A Substantial Mass of Cool, Metal-Enriched Gas Surrounding the Progenitors of Modern-Day Ellipticals
• The multiphase circumgalactic medium traced by low metal ions in EAGLE zoom simulations
• The Impact of Starbursts on the Circumgalactic Medium
• Evolution of the atomic and molecular gas content of galaxies in dark matter haloes
• Hiding in plain sight: An abundance of compact massive spheroids in the local Universe
• An Ultraviolet Spectrum of the Tidal Disruption Flare ASASSN-14li
• Baryon Cycling in the Low-Redshift Circumgalactic Medium: A Comparison of Simulations to the COS-Halos Survey
• Characterizing the Circumgalactic Medium of Nearby Galaxies with HST/COS and HST/STIS Absorption-Line Spectroscopy: II. Methods and Models
• Project AMIGA: The Circumgalactic Medium of Andromeda
• The origin of the high-velocity cloud complex C
• An Extreme Metallicity, Large-Scale Outflow from a Star-Forming Galaxy at z ~ 0.4
• Return to [Log-]Normalcy: Rethinking Quenching, The Star Formation Main Sequence, and Perhaps Much More
• The Cosmic Ultraviolet Baryon Survey (CUBS) I. Overview and the diverse environments of Lyman limit systems at z<1
• Near-ultraviolet Spectroscopy of Star-forming Galaxies from eBOSS: Signatures of Ubiquitous Galactic-scale Outflows
• First results from SMAUG: Uncovering the Origin of the Multiphase Circumgalactic Medium with a Comparative Analysis of Idealized and Cosmological Simulations
• Characterizing Circumgalactic Gas around Massive Ellipticals at z ~ 0.4 I. Initial Results
• Probing the Cool Interstellar and Circumgalactic Gas of Three Massive Lensing Galaxies at z=0.4-0.7
• Can AGN feedback-driven star formation explain the size evolution of massive galaxies?
• Absorption-Line Detections of $10^{5-6}$ K Gas in Spiral-Rich Groups of Galaxies
• Galaxy mergers moulding the circum-galactic medium - I. The impact of a major merger
• Similarity of ionized gas nebulae around unobscured and obscured quasars
• CGM${}^2$ I: The Extent of the Circumgalactic Medium Traced by Neutral Hydrogen
• On the connection between the intergalactic medium and galaxies: The HI-galaxy cross-correlation at z < 1
• Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): Testing galaxy formation models through the most massive galaxies in the Universe
• Calcium H & K Induced by Galaxy Halos
• The Low Redshift Circumgalactic Medium in Simba
• AGN-stimulated Cooling of Hot Gas in Elliptical Galaxies
• The neutral gas content of post-merger galaxies
• Early Science from POSSUM: Shocks, turbulence, and a massive new reservoir of ionised gas in the Fornax cluster
• How the central black hole may shape its host galaxy through AGN feedback
• The High-Ion Content and Kinematics of Low-Redshift Lyman Limit Systems
• The Red Dead Redemption Survey of Circumgalactic Gas About Massive Galaxies. I. Mass and Metallicity of the Cool Phase
• Star-forming early- and quiescent late-type galaxies in the local Universe
• Lyman-αabsorption beyond the disk of simulated spiral galaxies
• A Galaxy Redshift Survey near HST/COS AGN Sight Lines
• Not So Heavy Metals: Black Hole Feedback Enriches The Circumgalactic Medium
• On the CGM Fundamental Plane: The Halo Mass Dependency of Circumgalactic HI
• Probing the large and massive CGM of a galaxy at z ~ 0.2 using a pair of quasars
• The Influence of Environment on the Circumgalactic Medium
• The ALMaQUEST Survey: VI. The molecular gas main sequence of `retired' regions in galaxies
• Figuring Out Gas & Galaxies In Enzo (FOGGIE) VI: The Circumgalactic Medium of $L^{\ast }$ Galaxies is Supported in an Emergent, Non-Hydrostatic Equilibrium
• Using Galaxy Pairs to Probe Star Formation During Major Halo Mergers
• Cool circumgalactic gas of passive galaxies from cosmological inflow
• An HST/COS legacy survey of intervening SiIII absorption in the extended gaseous halos of low-redshift galaxies
• VEGAS: a VST Early-type GAlaxy Survey. IV. NGC 1533, IC 2038 and IC 2039: an interacting triplet in the Dorado group
• Understanding the strong intervening OVI absorber at z${}_{abs}$ ~0.93 towards PG1206+459
• Morphological and Rotation Structures of Circumgalactic Mg II Gas in the EAGLE Simulation and the Dependence on Galaxy Properties
• Composition of Low Redshift Halo Gas
• The connection between star formation and supermassive Black Hole activity in the local Universe
• Investigating the Potential Dilution of the Metal Content of Hot Gas in Early-Type Galaxies by Accreted Cold Gas
• Exploring the Physical Properties of the Cool Circumgalactic Medium with a Semi-Analytic Model
• The COS-AGN survey: Revealing the nature of circum-galactic gas around hosts of active galactic nuclei
• Project AMIGA: A Minimal Covering Factor for Optically Thick Circumgalactic Gas Around the Andromeda Galaxy
• Discovery of a transparent sightline at ρ < 20 kpc from an interacting pair of galaxies
• Brightest Group Galaxies: Stellar Mass and Star Formation Rate (paper I)
• Determining the Halo Mass Scale where Galaxies Lose Their Gas
• Clues on the rejuvenation of the S0 galaxy NGC 404 from the chemical abundance of its outer disk
• Most of the cool CGM of star-forming galaxies is not produced by supernova feedback
• The diversity of the circumgalactic medium around z = 0 Milky Way-mass galaxies from the Auriga simulations
• The Bimodal Absorption System Imaging Campaign (BASIC) I. A Dual Population of Low-metallicity Absorbers at z $<1$
• The connection between AGN-driven dusty outflows and the surrounding environment
• How can star formation be sustained?
• The GALEX Arecibo SDSS Survey VII: The Bivariate Neutral Hydrogen-Stellar Mass Function for Massive Galaxies
• Quasars probing quasars X: The quasar pair spectral database
• The Ultraviolet Detection of Diffuse Gas in Galaxy Groups
• The clustering of baryonic matter. II: halo model and hydrodynamic simulations
• Evidence for galaxy quenching in the green valley caused by a lack of a circumgalactic medium
• Finding the UV-Visible Path Forward: Proceedings of the Community Workshop to Plan the Future of UV/Visible Space Astrophysics
• Metal content of the circumgalactic medium around star-forming galaxies at z $\sim$ 2.6 as revealed by the VIMOS Ultra-Deep Survey
• CGM${}^2$ $+$ CASBaH: The Mass Dependence of H~I Ly$\alpha$-Galaxy Clustering and the Extent of the CGM
• Interaction of galactic wind with halo gas and the origin of multiphase extraplanar material
• The Circumgalactic Medium in Massive Halos
• ULISSE: A Tool for One-shot Sky Exploration and its Application to Active Galactic Nuclei Detection
• Modeling X-ray Emission Around Galaxies
• Detection of Metal-Rich, Cool-Warm Gas in the Outskirts of Galaxy Clusters
• The kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich tomography II: probing the circumgalactic medium
• An HST/COS Observation of Broad Ly$\alpha$ Emission and Associated Absorption Lines of the BL Lacertae Object H 2356-309
• Circumgalactic Medium on the Largest Scales: Detecting X-ray Absorption Lines with Large-Area Microcalorimeters
• HST Detection of Extended Neutral Hydrogen in a Massive Elliptical at z = 0.4
• Interpreting Observations of Absorption Lines in the Circumgalactic Medium with a Turbulent Medium
• Extreme circumgalactic HI and CIII absorption around the most massive, quenched galaxies
• Probing Large Galaxy Halos at $z\sim 0$ with Automated $\mathrm{Ly}\alpha$-Absorption Matching
• Triple-ionised carbon associated with the low-density neutral hydrogen gas at 1.7 < z < 3.3: the integrated N(HI)-N(CIV) relation
• DIISC-I: The Discovery of Kinematically Anomalous HI Clouds in M 100
• A partial Lyman limit system tracing intragroup gas at $z\approx 0.8$ towards HE1003+0149
• Baryonic Post-Processing of N-body Simulations, with Application to Fast Radio Bursts
• Kinematics of MgII Absorbers from the Redshift-space Distortion Around Massive Quiescent Galaxies
• On the Size and Mass of Photo-ionized Clouds in Extended Spiral Galaxy Halos
• SDSS J122958.84+000138.0: A Compact, Optically red galaxy
• Updated Models for the Creation of a Low-z QSO Absorber by a Dwarf Galaxy Wind
• Origin of Weak MgII and Higher Ionization Absorption Lines in an Outflow from an Intermediate-Redshift Dwarf Satellite Galaxy
• Identifying Circumgalactic Medium Absorption in QSO Spectra: A Bayesian Approach