The Hidden Mass and Large Spatial Extent of a Poststarburst Galaxy Outflow

Abstract

Outflowing winds of multiphase plasma have been proposed to regulate the buildup of galaxies, but key aspects of these outflows have not been probed with observations. Using ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy, we show that "warm-hot" plasma at 10^{5.5} K contains 10-150 times more mass than the cold gas in a poststarburst galaxy wind. This wind extends to distances >68 kiloparsecs, and at least some portion of it will escape. Moreover, the kinematical correlation of the cold and warm-hot phases indicates that the warm-hot plasma is related to the interaction of the cold matter with a hotter (unseen) phase at >>10^{6} K. Such multiphase winds can remove substantial masses and alter the evolution of poststarburst galaxies.

This paper is part of a set of three papers on circumgalactic gas observed with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph on HST, to be published in Science, together with related papers by Tumlinson et al. and Lehner & Howk, in the November 18, 2011 edition. This version has not undergone final copyediting. Please see Science online for the final printed version

References in corpus (8)

• The Large, Oxygen-Rich Halos of Star-Forming Galaxies Are A Major Reservoir of Galactic Metals
• Time-Dependent Ionization in Radiatively Cooling Gas
• The Discovery of 1000 km/s Outflows in Massive Post-starburst Galaxies at z=0.6
• A High-Resolution Survey of Low-Redshift QSO Absorption Lines: Statistics and Physical Conditions of O VI Absorbers
• Magnetic support of the optical emission line filaments in NGC 1275
• A Galaxy Photometric Redshift Catalog for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 6
• Mapping Large-Scale Gaseous Outflows in Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies with Keck II ESI Spectra: Spatial Extent of the Outflow
• [Ne V] Emission in Optically Classified Starbursts

Cited by in corpus (128)

• The Circumgalactic Medium
• The COS-Halos Survey: Physical Conditions and Baryonic Mass in the Low-Redshift Circumgalactic Medium
• The Large, Oxygen-Rich Halos of Star-Forming Galaxies Are A Major Reservoir of Galactic Metals
• The physics of galactic winds driven by active galactic nuclei
• The COS-Halos Survey: An Empirical Description of the Metal-Line Absorption in the Low-Redshift Circumgalactic Medium
• The COS-Halos Survey: Metallicities in the Low-Redshift Circumgalactic Medium
• Signatures of Cool Gas Fueling a Star-Forming Galaxy at Redshift 2.3
• The COS-Dwarfs Survey: The Carbon Reservoir Around sub-L* Galaxies
• The Bimodal Metallicity Distribution of the Cool Circumgalactic Medium at z<1
• The Impact of Enhanced Halo Resolution on the Simulated Circumgalactic Medium
• The COS-Halos Survey: Origins of the Highly Ionized Circumgalactic Medium of Star-Forming Galaxies
• An HST/COS Survey of the Low-Redshift IGM. I. Survey, Methodology, & Overall Results
• Tracing Inflows and Outflows with Absorption Lines in Circumgalactic Gas
• How cold gas continuously entrains mass and momentum from a hot wind
• A Census of Oxygen in Star-Forming Galaxies: An Empirical Model Linking Metallicities, Star Formation Rates and Outflows
• Hydrodynamical Coupling of Mass and Momentum in Multiphase Galactic Winds
• Non-Equilibirum ionisation and cooling of metal-enriched gas in the presence of a photo-ionisation background
• Metal-enriched, sub-kiloparsec gas clumps in the circumgalactic medium of a faint z = 2.5 galaxy
• The Properties of Low Redshift Intergalactic O VI Absorbers Determined from High S/N Observations of 14 QSOs with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph
• Evidence for a Massive, Extended Circumgalactic Medium Around the Andromeda Galaxy
• Hydrogen and Metal Line Absorption Around Low-Redshift Galaxies in Cosmological Hydrodynamic Simulations
• Connection Between the Circumgalactic Medium and the Interstellar Medium of Galaxies: Results from the COS-GASS Survey
• A Universal Density Structure for Circum-Galactic Gas
• The Column Density, Kinematics, and Thermal State of Metal-Bearing Gas within the Virial Radius of z~2 Star-Forming Galaxies in the Keck Baryonic Structure Survey
• Predictions for the Angular Dependence of Gas Mass Flow Rate and Metallicity in the Circumgalactic Medium
• A Deep Search For Faint Galaxies Associated With Very Low-redshift C IV Absorbers: III. The Mass- and Environment-dependent Circumgalactic Medium
• High-velocity clouds as streams of ionized and neutral gas in the halo of the Milky Way
• Flickering AGN can explain the strong circumgalactic O VI observed by COS-Halos
• Low-Redshift Lyman Limit Systems as Diagnostics of Cosmological Inflows and Outflows
• Nuclear Outflow of the Milky Way: Studying the Kinematics and Spatial Extent of the Northern Fermi Bubble
• Scattered Emission from z~1 Galactic Outflows
• Project AMIGA: The Circumgalactic Medium of Andromeda
• QSO Absorption Systems Detected in Ne VIII: High-Metallicity Clouds with a Large Effective Cross Section
• The Cosmic Evolution of the Metallicity Distribution of Ionized Gas Traced by Lyman Limit Systems
• The COS Absorption Survey of Baryon Harbors (CASBaH): Warm-hot Circumgalactic Gas Reservoirs Traced by Ne VIII Absorption
• An Extreme Metallicity, Large-Scale Outflow from a Star-Forming Galaxy at z ~ 0.4
• Quasars Probing Quasars VIII. The Physical Properties of the Cool Circumgalactic Medium Surrounding z ~ 2-3 Massive Galaxies Hosting Quasars
• The Properties of the Circumgalactic Medium in Red and Blue Galaxies: Results from the COS-GASS+COS-Halos Surveys
• Evolution Through the Post-Starburst Phase: Using Post-Starburst Galaxies as Laboratories for Understanding the Processes that Drive Galaxy Evolution
• Probing the Circumgalactic Medium at High-Redshift Using Composite BOSS Spectra of Strong Lyman-alpha Forest Absorbers
• Gas Accretion is Dominated by Warm Ionized Gas in Milky Way-Mass Galaxies at z ~ 0
• AGN proximity zone fossils and the delayed recombination of metal lines
• Low-metallicity Absorbers Account for Half of the Dense Circumgalactic Gas at z < 1
• Where Do Galaxies End?
• Deep CO(1-0) Observations of z=1.62 Cluster Galaxies with Substantial Molecular Gas Reservoirs and Normal Star Formation Efficiencies
• CGM${}^2$ I: The Extent of the Circumgalactic Medium Traced by Neutral Hydrogen
• Direct evidence of AGN-feedback: a post starburst galaxy stripped of its gas by AGN-driven winds
• Direct Insights into Observational Absorption Line Analysis Methods of the Circumgalactic Medium Using Cosmological Simulations
• The COS CGM Compendium. III: Metallicity and Physical Properties of the Cool Circumgalactic Medium at z<1
• Galaxies Probing Galaxies in PRIMUS - I. Sample, Spectroscopy, and Characteristics of the z~0.5 MgII-Absorbing Circumgalactic Medium
• Observational signatures of a warped disk associated with cold-flow accretion
• The Complete Ultraviolet Spectrum of the Archetypal "Wind-Dominated" Quasar Mrk~231: Absorption and Emission from a High-Speed Dusty Nuclear Outflow
• Metal-enriched halo gas across galaxy overdensities over the last 10 billion years
• The Structure of the Circumgalactic Medium of Galaxies: Cool Accretion Inflow Around NGC 1097
• How Do Supernovae Impact the Circumgalactic Medium? I. Large-Scale Fountains Around a Milky Way-Like Galaxy
• Metal enrichment in the circumgalactic medium and Lyα haloes around quasars at z $\sim$3
• The COS Absorption Survey of Baryon Harbors: Unveiling the Physical Conditions of Circumgalactic Gas through Multiphase Bayesian Ionization Modeling
• Fast Winds Drive Slow Shells: A Model for the Circumgalactic Medium as Galactic Wind-Driven Bubbles
• HST/COS Spectra of Three QSOs That Probe The Circumgalactic Medium of a Single Spiral Galaxy: Evidence for Gas Recycling and Outflow
• The COS CGM Compendium (CCC). I: Survey Design and Initial Results
• Galaxies Probing Galaxies at High Resolution: Co-Rotating Gas Associated with a Milky Way Analog at z=0.4
• On the origin of the angular momentum properties of gas and dark matter in galactic halos and its implications
• The Mass and Absorption Columns of Galactic Gaseous Halos
• The UV-bright Quasar Survey (UVQS): DR1
• The High-Ion Content and Kinematics of Low-Redshift Lyman Limit Systems
• The Relationship Between Galaxy ISM and Circumgalactic Gas Metallicities
• A Deep Search For Faint Galaxies Associated With Very Low-redshift C IV Absorbers: II. Program Design, Absorption-line Measurements, and Absorber Statistics
• Evidence of ongoing AGN-driven feedback in a quiescent post starburst E+A galaxy
• Multi-phase outflows in post starburst E+A galaxies -- II. A direct connection between the neutral and ionized outflow phases
• COS-Weak: Probing the CGM using analogs of weak Mg II absorbers at z < 0.3
• Not So Heavy Metals: Black Hole Feedback Enriches The Circumgalactic Medium
• On the CGM Fundamental Plane: The Halo Mass Dependency of Circumgalactic HI
• Shock-multicloud interactions in galactic outflows -- I. Cloud layers with log-normal density distributions
• Probing the large and massive CGM of a galaxy at z ~ 0.2 using a pair of quasars
• Quasar Sightline and Galaxy Evolution (QSAGE) Survey - I. The Galaxy Environment of OVI Absorbers up to z=1.4 around PKS 0232-04
• Chandra survey of nearby highly inclined disk galaxies -- IV: New insights into the working of stellar feedback
• The formation and physical origin of highly ionized cooling gas
• Regulation of Star Formation by a Hot Circumgalactic Medium
• The Relation Between Galaxy ISM and Circumgalactic OVI Gas Kinematics Derived from Observations and $\Lambda$CDM Simulations
• Molecular Hydrogen Absorption from the Halo of a z ~ 0.4 Galaxy
• Numerical simulations of shocks encountering clumpy regions
• Cosmic Origins Spectrograph Observations of Warm Intervening Gas Towards 3C263
• HST/COS detection of a Ne VIII absorber towards PG 1407+265: An unambiguous tracer of collisionally ionized hot gas?
• Understanding the strong intervening OVI absorber at z${}_{abs}$ ~0.93 towards PG1206+459
• The Influence of Ram Pressure on the Evolution of Tidal Dwarf Galaxies
• The COS Absorption Survey of Baryon Harbors: The Galaxy Database and Cross-Correlation Analysis of OVI Systems
• Composition of Low Redshift Halo Gas
• A Pair of O VI and Broad Ly-alpha Absorbers Probing Warm Gas in a Galaxy Group Environment at z ~ 0.4
• Galaxy Mass, Metallicity, Radius and Star Formation Rates
• Quasars Probing Quasars IX. The Kinematics of the Circumgalactic Medium Surrounding z ~ 2 Quasars
• The CGM at Cosmic Noon with KCWI: Outflows from a Star-forming Galaxy at z=2.071
• A Census of Quasar-Intrinsic Absorption in the Hubble Space Telescope Archive: Systems from High Resolution Echelle Spectra
• Project AMIGA: A Minimal Covering Factor for Optically Thick Circumgalactic Gas Around the Andromeda Galaxy
• Implications of an updated ultraviolet background for the ionization mechanisms of intervening Ne VIII absorbers
• The Impact of Cosmic Rays on the Kinematics of the Circumgalactic Medium
• An Ultraviolet Survey of Low-Redshift Partial Lyman-Limit Systems with the HST Cosmic Origins Spectrograph
• Absorption signatures of warm-hot gas at low redshift: NeVIII
• Detection of Two Intervening Ne VIII Absorbers Probing Warm Gas at z~0.6
• The Bimodal Absorption System Imaging Campaign (BASIC) I. A Dual Population of Low-metallicity Absorbers at z $<1$
• Ultraviolet Signatures of the Multiphase Intracluster and Circumgalactic Media in the RomulusC Simulation
• Baryon content and dynamic state of galaxy clusters: XMM-Newton observations of A1095 and A1926
• Small-scale Properties of Atomic Gas in Extended Disks of Galaxies
• Observed Faraday Effects in Damped Lyman-Alpha Absorbers and Lyman Limit Systems: The Magnetised Environment of Galactic Building Blocks at Redshift=2
• Hunting for Metals Using XQ-100 Legacy Survey Composite Spectra
• The COS-legacy survey of C IV absorbers: properties and origins of the intervening systems
• A hot gaseous galaxy halo candidate with Mg X absorption
• Finding the UV-Visible Path Forward: Proceedings of the Community Workshop to Plan the Future of UV/Visible Space Astrophysics
• Agnostic Stacking of Intergalactic Doublet Absorption: Measuring the NeVIII Population
• C IV absorbers tracing cool gas in dense galaxy group/cluster environments
• Probing the gaseous halo of galaxies through non-thermal emission from AGN-driven outflows
• Spatially Resolved Gas Flows Around the Milky Way
• Diverse metallicities of Fermi bubble clouds indicate dual origins in the disk and halo
• Physical Conditions of Five O VI Absorption Systems Towards PG $1522+101$
• CGM${}^2$ $+$ CASBaH: The Mass Dependence of H~I Ly$\alpha$-Galaxy Clustering and the Extent of the CGM
• Gas Accretion via Lyman Limit Systems
• The high-velocity clouds above the disk of the outer Milky Way: misty precipitating gas in a region roiled by stellar streams
• Detection of Low Metallicity Warm Plasma in a Galaxy Overdensity Environment at z ~ 0.2
• Narrow C IV absorption doublets on quasar spectra of the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey
• Detection of a Multiphase Intragroup Medium: Results from the COS-IGrM Survey
• Extreme circumgalactic HI and CIII absorption around the most massive, quenched galaxies
• Interpreting Observations of Absorption Lines in the Circumgalactic Medium with a Turbulent Medium
• A partial Lyman limit system tracing intragroup gas at $z\approx 0.8$ towards HE1003+0149
• A Sub-Damped Ly$\alpha$ Absorber with Unusual Abundances: Evidence of Gas Recycling in a Low-Redshift Galaxy Group
• Galactic Winds across the Gas-Rich Merger Sequence II. Lyman Alpha Emission and Highly Ionized O VI and N V Outflows in Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies
• Chandra survey of nearby highly inclined disk galaxies -- V: emission structure and origin of galactic coronae
• Solar-Metallicity Gas in the Extended Halo of a Galaxy at $z\sim 0.12$
• Pair Lines of Sight Observations of Multiphase Gas Bearing O VI in a Galaxy Environment
• ALMACAL X: Constraints on molecular gas in the low-redshift circumgalactic medium