Microwave dressing of Rydberg dark states

Abstract

We study electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in the 5s$\to$5p$\to$46s ladder system of a cold ${}^{87}$Rb gas. We show that the resonant microwave coupling between the 46s and 45p states leads to an Autler-Townes splitting of the EIT resonance. This splitting can be employed to vary the group index by $\pm 10^5$ allowing independent control of the propagation of dark state polaritons. We also demonstrate that microwave dressing leads to enhanced interaction effects. In particular, we present evidence for a $1/R^3$ energy shift between Rydberg states resonantly coupled by the microwave field and the ensuing breakdown of the pair-wise interaction approximation.

12 pages, 5 figures and 1 table

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