Quantum sensing of microwave electric fields based on Rydberg atoms
arXiv:2401.01655 · doi:10.1088/1361-6633/acf22f
Abstract
Microwave electric field sensing is of importance for a wide range of applications in areas of remote sensing, radar astronomy and communications. Over the past decade, Rydberg atoms, owing to their exaggerated response to microwave electric fields, plentiful optional energy levels and integratable preparation methods, have been used in ultra-sensitive, wide broadband, traceable, stealthy microwave electric field sensing. This review first introduces the basic concept of quantum sensing, properties of Rydberg atoms and principles of quantum sensing of microwave electric fields with Rydberg atoms. Then an overview of this very active research direction is gradually expanded, covering progresses of sensitivity and bandwidth in Rydberg atoms based icrowavesensing,uperheterodyne quantum sensing with microwave-dressed Rydberg atoms, quantum-enhanced sensing of microwave electric field, recent advanced quantum measurement systems and approaches to further improve the performance of microwave electric field sensing. Finally, a brief outlook on future development directions is discussed.
References in corpus (47)
- Quantum sensing
- Coherent optical detection of highly excited Rydberg states using electromagnetically induced transparency
- Quantum superhet based on microwave-dressed Rydberg atoms
- Broadband Rydberg Atom-Based Electric-Field Probe: From Self-Calibrated Measurements to Sub-Wavelength Imaging
- Atom Based Vector Microwave Electrometry Using Rubidium Rydberg Atoms in a Vapor Cell
- Rydberg atom quantum technologies
- Sub-Wavelength Imaging and Field Mapping via EIT and Autler-Townes Splitting In Rydberg Atoms
- Waveguide-coupled Rydberg spectrum analyzer from 0 to 20 GHz
- Millimeter Wave Detection via Autler-Townes Splitting in Rubidium Rydberg Atoms
- Quantum-Limited Atomic Receiver in the Electrically Small Regime
- Enhanced metrology at the critical point of a many-body Rydberg atomic system
- Determining the Angle-of-Arrival of an Radio-Frequency Source with a Rydberg Atom-Based Sensor
- Distributed quantum phase estimation with entangled photons
- Rydberg-atom based radio-frequency electrometry using frequency modulation spectroscopy in room temperature vapor cells
- Sub-wavelength microwave electric field imaging using Rydberg atoms inside atomic vapor cells
- Microwave dressing of Rydberg dark states
- Coherent microwave-to-optical conversion via six-wave mixing in Rydberg atoms
- Microwave electrometry via electromagnetically induced absorption in cold Rydberg atoms
- Three-photon electromagnetically induced transparency using Rydberg states
- Deep learning enhanced Rydberg multifrequency microwave recognition
- Continuous-frequency weak electric field measurement with Rydberg atoms
- Highly sensitive measurement of a megahertz rf electric field with a Rydberg-atom sensor
- Electromagnetically-induced transparency, absorption, and microwave field sensing in a Rb vapor cell with a three-color all-infrared laser system
- High efficiency coherent microwave-to-optics conversion via off-resonant scattering
- Rydberg atoms for radio-frequency communications and sensing: atomic receivers for pulsed RF field and phase detection
- A hybrid polarization-selective atomic sensor for radio-frequency field detection with a passive resonant-cavity field amplifier
- Continuous radio frequency electric-field detection through adjacent Rydberg resonance tuning
- Efficient microwave-to-optical conversion using Rydberg atoms
- Simultaneous Use of Cs and Rb Rydberg Atoms for Independent RF Electric Field Measurements via Electromagnetically Induced Transparency
- Simultaneous Multi-Band Demodulation Using a Rydberg Atomic Sensor
- Optimal Atomic Quantum Sensing using EIT Readout
- Widefield Microwave Imaging in Alkali Vapor Cells with sub-100 um Resolution
- Frequency-Tunable Microwave Field Detection in an Atomic Vapor Cell
- Electromagnetically induced transparency based Rydberg-atom sensor for quantum voltage measurements
- Electrical read out for coherent phenomena involving Rydberg atoms in thermal vapor cells
- Atom radio-frequency interferometry
- Microwave control of Rydberg atom interactions
- Quantum-Enhanced Two-Photon Spectroscopy Using Two-mode Squeezed Light
- Optimal State Choice for Rydberg Atom Microwave Sensors
- Absolute frequency measurements of 85Rb nF7/2 Rydberg states using purely optical detection
- Microwave-optical coupling via Rydberg excitons in cuprous oxide
- Microwave-assisted Rydberg Electromagnetically induced transparency
- Single-Photon Rydberg Excitation and Trap-Loss Spectroscopy of Cold Cesium Atoms in a Magneto-Optical Trap by Using of a 319-nm Ultra-Violet Laser System
- Noise analysis of the atomic superheterodyne receiver based on flat-top laser beams
- Millisecond-lived circular Rydberg atoms in a room-temperature experiment
- Directional THz generation in hot Rb vapor excited to a Rydberg state
- Observation of interference effects via four photon excitation of highly excited Rydberg states in thermal cesium vapor
Cited by in corpus (17)
- Rydberg superatoms: An artificial quantum system for quantum information processing and quantum optics
- Rydberg Atomic Quantum Receivers for Classical Wireless Communication and Sensing
- Zeeman-resolved Autler-Townes splitting in Rydberg atoms with tunable resonances and a single transition dipole moment
- Electromagnetic Modeling and Capacity Analysis of Rydberg Atom-Based MIMO System
- Optically-biased Rydberg microwave receiver enabled by hybrid nonlinear interferometry
- Continuous broadband Rydberg receiver using AC Stark shifts and Floquet States
- A Rydberg atom based system for benchmarking mmWave automotive radar chips
- Exceptional Point-enhanced Rydberg Atomic Electrometers
- Thermal resonance-enhanced transparency in room temperature Rydberg gases
- Effects of inert background gases and photo-illumination on three-color electromagnetically induced transparency of rubidium vapor
- Microwave-coupled optical bistability in driven and interacting Rydberg gases
- EIT Spectroscopy of Rydberg Levels Dressed by Linearly Polarized RF fields: Complementary Angular Response for Two Types of Transition Ladders
- Voltage and power-frequency electric field measurements with Rydberg-atom interferometry
- Microwave transitions in atomic sodium: Radiometry and polarimetry using the sodium layer
- Rydberg atoms for electric field gradiometry
- Atomic Observables Induced by Cosmic Fields
- Precessing magnetic particles as ac magnetic field sensors