Fluctuations and Correlations of Conserved Charges in QCD at Finite Temperature with Effective Models

Abstract

We study fluctuations of conserved charges including baryon number, electric charge, and strangeness as well as the correlations among these conserved charges in the 2+1 flavor Polyakov--Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model at finite temperature. The calculated results are compared with those obtained from recent lattice calculations performed with an improved staggered fermion action at two values of the lattice cutoff with almost physical up and down quark masses and a physical value for the strange quark mass. We find that our calculated results are well consistent with those obtained in lattice calculations except for some quantitative differences for fluctuations related with strange quarks. Our calculations indicate that there is a pronounced cusp in the ratio of the quartic to quadratic fluctuations of baryon number, i.e. ${\chi }_4^B/{\chi }_2^B$, at the critical temperature during the phase transition, which confirms that ${\chi }_4^B/{\chi }_2^B$ is a useful probe of the deconfinement and chiral phase transition.

24 pages, 11 figures; final version published in Phys. Rev. D

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• QCD at finite temperature and density within the fRG approach: An overview
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• A Study of the Properties of the QCD Phase Diagram in High-Energy Nuclear Collisions
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• Mapping the QCD phase diagram with statistics friendly distributions
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• Higher moment singularities explored by the net proton non-statistical fluctuations
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• Exploring Dense and Cold QCD in Magnetic Fields
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• Higher order net-proton number cumulants dependence on the centrality definition and other spurious effects
• Quark Number Susceptibility : Revisited with Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem in mean field theories
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• Chiral Magnetic Effect and Chiral Phase Transition
• The presence of a critical end point in the QCD phase diagram from the net-baryon number fluctuations
• Net baryon-number fluctuations in magnetized quark matter
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• Nuclear interactions and net-proton number fluctuations in heavy ion collisions at the SIS18 accelerator
• Finite Volume Cumulant Expansion in QCD-Colorless Plasma
• Factorial cumulants from global baryon number conservation
• Chiral Magnetic Effect and QCD Phase Transitions with Effective Models
• Factorial cumulants from short-range correlations and global baryon number conservation
• The sixth order cumulant of net-proton number in Binomial distribution at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 200 GeV
• Net-baryon multiplicity distribution consistent with lattice QCD
• Behavior and finite-size effects of the sixth order cumulant in the three-dimensional Ising universality class
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• Generalized susceptibilities along the phase boundary of the three-dimensional, three-state Potts model
• Statistical method in quark combination model
• Cumulants and factorial cumulants in the 3-dimensional Ising universality class
• Cumulants from short-range correlations and baryon number conservation - next-to-leading order
• Cumulants from fluctuating width of rapidity distribution
• Poisson baseline of net-charge fluctuations in the relativistic heavy ion collisions
• Fixed point behavior of cumulants in the three-dimensional Ising universality class