Cosmic Rays from the Knee to the Highest Energies

Abstract

This review summarizes recent developments in the understanding of high-energy cosmic rays. It focuses on galactic and presumably extragalactic particles in the energy range from the knee (10^15 eV) up to the highest energies observed (>10^20 eV). Emphasis is put on observational results, their interpretation, and the global picture of cosmic rays that has emerged during the last decade.

Invited review, submitted to Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics

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• Energy determination in the Akeno Giant Air Shower Array experiment
• The Status of the H.E.S.S. Project
• VERITAS: the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System
• Detection and imaging of atmospheric radio flashes from cosmic ray air showers
• Constrained Simulations of the Magnetic Field in the Local Universe and the Propagation of UHECRs
• A new determination of the extragalactic diffuse gamma-ray background from EGRET data
• Precise Measurement of Cosmic-Ray Proton and Helium Spectra with the BESS Spectrometer
• A detailed spectral and morphological study of the gamma-ray supernova remnant RX J1713.7-3946 with H.E.S.S
• One-dimensional Hybrid Approach to Extensive Air Shower Simulation
• High-energy neutrinos in the context of multimessenger physics
• Measurement of the Flux of Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays from Monocular Observations by the High Resolution Fly's Eye Experiment
• Non-linear screening effects in high energy hadronic interactions
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• Observation of the Askaryan Effect: Coherent Microwave Cherenkov Emission from Charge Asymmetry in High Energy Particle Cascades
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• A Study of the Composition of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays Using the High Resolution Fly's Eye
• Discovery of Localized Regions of Excess 10-TeV Cosmic Rays
• A Multi-Component Measurement of the Cosmic Ray Composition Between 10^{17} eV and 10^{18} eV
• Observation of the Anisotropy of 10 TeV Primary Cosmic Ray Nuclei Flux with the Super-Kamiokande-I Detector
• Ultra high energy cosmic rays and the large scale structure of the galactic magnetic field
• New constraints from Haverah Park data on the photon and iron fluxes of UHE cosmic rays
• Models of the Knee in the Energy Spectrum of Cosmic Rays
• The Anisotropy of Cosmic Ray Arrival Direction around 10^18eV
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• Constraints on Cosmic Neutrino Fluxes from the ANITA Experiment
• Ultra-High Energy Neutrino Fluxes and Their Constraints
• FORTE satellite constraints on ultra-high energy cosmic particle fluxes
• Upper limit on the diffuse flux of UHE tau neutrinos from the Pierre Auger Observatory
• Observability of Earth-skimming Ultra-high Energy Neutrinos
• New facts about muon production in Extended Air Shower simulations
• Observations of the Askaryan Effect in Ice
• A Macroscopic Description of Coherent Geo-Magnetic Radiation from Cosmic Ray Air Showers
• The arrival directions of the most energetic cosmic rays
• A dip in the UHECR spectrum and the transition from galactic to extragalactic cosmic rays
• Cluster Analysis of Extremely High Energy Cosmic Rays in the Northern Sky
• On the transition from Galactic to extragalactic cosmic-rays: spectral and composition features from two opposite scenarios
• The high energy cosmic ray spectrum from relic particle decay
• Theory of cosmic ray production in the supernova remnant RX J1713.7-3946
• Extensive Air Shower Simulations at the Highest Energies
• Implications of the cosmic ray spectrum for the mass composition at the highest energies
• Radio-Detection Signature of High Energy Cosmic Rays by the CODALEMA Experiment
• Astrophysical Origins of Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays
• Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays: The state of the art before the Auger Observatory
• High-energy Particle Acceleration and Production of Ultra-high-energy Cosmic Rays in the Giant Lobes of Centaurus A
• The Cosmic-Ray Proton and Helium Spectra measured with the CAPRICE98 balloon experiment
• Radio Emission from Cosmic Ray Air Showers: Coherent Geosynchrotron Radiation
• Ultra-High Energy Neutrino Fluxes: New Constraints and Implications
• Cosmogenic Neutrinos from the propagation of Ultra High Energy Nuclei
• High-energy Cosmic Rays
• A Measurement of the Cosmic Ray Spectrum and Composition at the Knee
• Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays: The theoretical challenge
• BL Lacertae are probable sources of the observed ultra-high energy cosmic rays
• Search for Correlations between HiRes Stereo Events and Active Galactic Nuclei
• Measurement of the pressure dependence of air fluorescence emission induced by electrons
• Monocular Measurement of the Spectrum of UHE Cosmic Rays by the FADC Detector of the HiRes Experiment
• An upper limit to the photon fraction in cosmic rays above 10^19 eV from the Pierre Auger Observatory
• Electron, Muon, and Hadron Lateral Distributions Measured in Air-Showers by the KASCADE Experiment
• On the re-summation of enhanced Pomeron diagrams
• Photodisintegration of Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays revisited
• Universality of electron distributions in high-energy air showers - description of Cherenkov light production
• The Impact of Heavy Nuclei on the Cosmogenic Neutrino Flux
• Tracing protons through the Galactic magnetic field: a clue for charge composition of ultra-high energy cosmic rays
• GZK Photons as Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays
• Acceleration of Particles by Oblique Shocks and Cosmic Ray Spectra around the Knee Region
• On the statistical significance of the GZK feature in the spectrum of ultra high energy cosmic rays
• High-Energy Cosmic Rays from Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Limits on the Isotropic Diffuse Flux of Ultrahigh Energy Gamma-Radiation
• Radioelectric Field Features of Extensive Air Showers Observed with CODALEMA
• Search for ultra-high energy photons using air showers
• Fragmentation functions in SUSY QCD and UHECR spectra produced in top-down models
• Has the GZK suppression been discovered?
• Large scale cosmic-ray anisotropy with KASCADE
• Southern Hemisphere Observations of a $10^{18}$eV Cosmic Ray Source Near the Direction of the Galactic Centre
• Elemental Composition of Cosmic Rays near the Knee by Multiparameter Measurement of Air Showerss
• Balloon Measurements of Cosmic Ray Muon Spectra in the Atmosphere along with those of Primary Protons and Helium Nuclei over Mid-Latitude
• Search for Cross-Correlations of Ultra--High-Energy Cosmic Rays with BL Lacertae Objects
• Study of Small-Scale Anisotropy of Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays Observed in Stereo by HiRes
• Predictions for the Cosmogenic Neutrino Flux in Light of New Data from the Pierre Auger Observatory
• The intergalactic propagation of ultra-high energy cosmic ray nuclei
• Reconstruction of Longitudinal Profiles of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray Showers from Fluorescence and Cherenkov Light Measurements
• The knee in galactic cosmic ray spectrum and variety in supernovae
• Gamma-ray emission from Cassiopeia A produced by accelerated cosmic rays
• Neutrino Detection with Inclined Air Showers
• Macroscopic Treatment of Radio Emission from Cosmic Ray Air Showers based on Shower Simulations
• Dependence of geosynchrotron radio emission on the energy and depth of maximum of cosmic ray showers
• Constraints on the Ultra High Energy Photon flux using inclined showers from the Haverah Park array
• Observation of the Ankle and Evidence for a High-Energy Break in the Cosmic Ray Spectrum
• Universality of electron-positron distributions in extensive air showers
• The primary cosmic ray composition between 10**15 and 10**16 eV from Extensive Air Showers electromagnetic and TeV muon data
• Lorentz Invariance Violation and the Observed Spectrum of Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays
• Ground based gamma-ray astronomy with Cherenkov Telescopes
• Searching for a Correlation Between Cosmic-Ray Sources Above 10^{19} eV and Large-Scale Structure
• The Galactic magnetic field as spectrograph for ultra-high energy cosmic rays
• Evidence for a connection between the gamma-ray and the highest energy cosmic-ray emissions by BL Lacertae objects
• Correlation function of ultra-high energy cosmic rays favors point sources
• Cosmogenic neutrinos as a probe of the transition from Galactic to extragalactic cosmic rays
• The Composition of Cosmic Rays at the Knee
• Neutrino diagnostics of ultra-high energy cosmic ray protons
• The Energy Spectrum of Cosmic Rays Above $3\times 10^{17}$ eV as measured with the Haverah Park Array
• All-particle primary energy spectrum in the 3-200 PeV energy range
• Upper limit on the ultra-high-energy photon flux from AGASA and Yakutsk data
• Monte Carlo simulations of geosynchrotron radio emission from CORSIKA-simulated air showers
• The Concepts of "Age" and "Universality" in Cosmic Ray Showers
• Neutrinos: the Key to UHE Cosmic Rays
• Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays
• Anisotropy studies around the galactic centre at EeV energies with the Auger Observatory
• Earth-skimming UHE Tau Neutrinos at the Fluorescence Detector of Pierre Auger Observatory
• A Northern Sky Survey for Steady TeV Gamma-Ray Point Sources Using the Tibet Air Shower Array
• Extragalactic UHE proton spectrum and prediction for iron-nuclei flux at 10^8 - 10^9 GeV
• Upper limit on the photon fraction in highest-energy cosmic rays from AGASA data
• UHECR propagation in the Galaxy: clustering versus isotropy
• First ground based measurement of atmospheric Cherenkov light from cosmic rays
• Photon yields from nitrogen gas and dry air excited by electrons
• Determination of the calorimetric energy in extensive air showers
• Cosmic ray spectrum and anisotropies from the knee to the second knee
• Comparison of measured and simulated lateral distributions for electrons and muons with KASCADE
• Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays, Spiral galaxies and Magnetars
• Cosmic Rays: The Second Knee and Beyond
• The Lidar System of the Pierre Auger Observatory
• The puzzling MILAGRO hot spots
• Primary proton spectrum between 200 TeV and 1000 TeV observed with the Tibet burst detector and air shower array
• Mass Composition of Cosmic Rays in the Range 2 x 10^17 - 3 x 10^18 Measured with Haverah Park Array
• On total inelastic cross-sections and the average depth of the maximum of extensive air showers
• Simulation of Ultra-High Energy Photon Propagation in the Geomagnetic Field
• Energy Estimation of UHE Cosmic Rays using the Atmospheric Fluorescence Technique
• The angular resolution of the Pierre Auger Observatory
• Air Fluorescence Relevant for Cosmic-Ray Detection - Summary of the 5th Fluorescence Workshop, El Escorial 2007
• A Comparison of Cosmic Ray Composition Measurements at the Highest Energies
• Spectral resolved Measurement of the Nitrogen Fluorescence Emissions in Air induced by Electrons
• High Energy Physics in the Atmosphere: Phenomenology of Cosmic Ray Air Showers
• The Compton-Getting effect on ultra-high energy cosmic rays of cosmological origin
• The highest-energy cosmic rays
• Impact of Varying Atmospheric Profiles on Extensive Air Shower Observation: - Atmospheric Density and Primary Mass Reconstruction -
• The Milagro anticenter hot spots: cosmic rays from the Geminga supernova ?
• Air fluorescence measurements in the spectral range 300-420 nm using a 28.5 GeV electron beam
• Comparison of AGASA data with CORSIKA simulation
• Study of the Cosmic Ray Composition above 0.4 EeV using the Longitudinal Profiles of Showers observed at the Pierre Auger Observatory
• Cosmological neutrinos
• A theory of Cosmic Rays
• Cosmic Rays and Large Extra Dimensions
• Measurement of air and nitrogen fluorescence light yields induced by electron beam for UHECR experiments
• Cosmic rays from the knee to the second knee: 10^14 to 10^18 eV
• Energy Release in Air Showers
• Model Dependence of Lateral Distribution Functions of High Energy Cosmic Ray Air Showers
• Test of Hadronic Interaction Models in the Forward Region with KASCADE Event Rates
• Search for Point Sources of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays Above 40 EeV Using a Maximum Likelihood Ratio Test
• The clustering of ultra-high energy cosmic rays and their sources
• Constraining the fraction of primary gamma rays at ultra-high energies from the muon data of the Yakutsk extensive-air-shower array
• Primary Proton Spectrum of Cosmic Rays measured with Single Hadrons
• Search for cosmic-ray point sources with KASCADE
• Measurement of Pressure Dependent Fluorescence Yield of Air: Calibration Factor for UHECR Detectors
• PeV Cosmic Rays: A Window on the Leptonic Era?
• A High Resolution Method for Measuring Cosmic Ray Composition beyond 10 TeV
• A Model-Independent Method of Determining Energy Scale and Muon Number in Cosmic Ray Surface Detectors
• Prospects for radio detection of ultra-high energy cosmic rays and neutrinos
• Muon production in extensive air showers and its relation to hadronic interactions
• Clustering of ultra-high energy cosmic ray arrival directions on medium scales
• Cosmic-ray composition and its relation to shock acceleration by supernova remnants
• Impact of Varying Atmospheric Profiles on Extensive Air Shower Observation: Fluorescence Light Emission and Energy Reconstruction
• Astroparticle Physics: Puzzles and Discoveries
• Measurement of the cosmic ray hadron spectrum up to 30 TeV at mountain altitude: the primary proton spectrum
• Cosmic Rays and the Monogem Supernova Remnant
• Primary Particle Type of the Most Energetic Fly's Eye Air Shower
• Cuts and penalties: comment on "The clustering of ultra-high energy cosmic rays and their sources"
• The Cosmic Ray Proton Spectrum determined with the Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov-Technique
• Cross-Correlation between UHECR Arrival Distribution and Large-Scale Structure
• Test of hadronic interaction models with data from the Pierre Auger Observatory
• The aperture for UHE tau neutrinos of the Auger fluorescence detector using a Digital Elevation Map
• Cosmic ray photodisintegration and the knee of the spectrum
• Signatures of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray Composition from Propagation of Nuclei in Intergalactic Photon Fields
• Techniques for measuring atmospheric aerosols at the High Resolution Fly's Eye experiment
• Cosmic rays from active galactic nuclei
• Test of the hadronic interaction model EPOS with air shower data
• New constraints on the mass composition of cosmic rays above 10^17 eV from Volcano Ranch measurements
• Measurement of air shower cores to study the cosmic ray composition in the knee energy region
• Hybrid Performance of the Pierre Auger Observatory
• Primary Energy Spectrum and Mass Composition Determined with the Tunka EAS Cherenkov Array
• Astroparticle Theory: Some New Insights into High Energy Cosmic Rays
• Active Galactic Nuclei: Sources for ultra high energy cosmic rays?
• Changes of the cosmic-ray mass composition in the 10^{14} - 10^{16} eV energy range
• Dominant Contributions to Lateral Distribution Functions in Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray Air Showers
• The Baikal Neutrino Telescope - Results and Plans
• Geometry reconstruction of fluorescence detectors revisited
• Characteristics of geomagnetic cascading of ultra-high energy photons at the southern and northern sites of the Pierre Auger Observatory
• Experimental constraints on the astrophysical interpretation of the cosmic ray Galactic-extragalactic transition region
• Extensive Air Showers and Accelerator Data - The NEEDS Workshop
• A Search for Arrival Direction Clustering in the HiRes-I Monocular Data above 10^(19.5) eV
• Comparison of Hadronic Interaction Models at Auger Energies
• Geometric structures in hadronic cores of extensive air showers observed by KASCADE
• A possible Universal Origin of Hadronic Cosmic Rays from Ultrarelativistic Ejecta of Bipolar Supernovae
• Percolation Effects in Very High Energy Cosmic Rays
• Footprints of Super-GZK Cosmic Rays in the Pilliga State Forest
• Impact of Uncertainties in Hadron Production on Air-Shower Predictions
• The Enigma of the Highest Energy Particles of Nature
• The Tunka Experiment: Towards a 1-km^2 Cherenkov EAS Array in the Tunka Valley
• Consequences of parton's saturation and string's percolation on the developments of cosmic ray showers
• Search for Global Dipole Enhancements in the HiRes-I Monocular Data above 10^{18.5} eV
• Studies of clustering in the arrival directions of cosmic rays detected at the Pierre Auger Observatory above 10 EeV
• Cosmic rays at ultra high energies (Neutrinos!)
• Enhancing the Pierre Auger Observatory to the 10^{17} to 10^{18.5} eV Range: Capabilities of an Infill Surface Array
• Ultra High-Energy Cosmic Ray Observations
• Improved model for the analysis of air fluorescence induced by electrons
• Correlation of the HIghest Energy Cosmic Rays with the Supergalactic Plane
• Air-Shower Spectroscopy at horizons
• Search for correlation of UHECRs and BL Lacs in Pierre Auger Observatory data
• Studies of systematic uncertainties in the estimation of the monocular aperture of the HiRes experiment
• Space-Time Foam and Cosmic-Ray Interactions
• Search for large-scale anisotropies with the Auger Observatory
• Search for Point-Like Sources of Cosmic Rays with Energies above 10^18.5 eV in the HiRes-I Monocular Data-Set
• Reply to ``Cuts and penalties: comment on `The clustering of ultra-high energy cosmic rays and their sources' ''
• Measurements of the Muon Content of UHECR Air Showers with the Pierre Auger Observatory
• Deep shower interpretation of the cosmic ray events observed in excess of the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin energy
• Design and Status of IceCube
• Percolation and high energy cosmic rays above $10^{17}$ eV
• Anisotropies and clustering of extragalactic cosmic rays
• Blind search for the real sample: Application to the origin of ultra-high energy cosmic rays
• Observation of PeV Gamma Rays from the Monogem Ring with the Tibet Air Shower Array
• A Likelihood Method for Measuring the Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Ray Composition
• A reinterpretation of Volcano Ranch lateral distribution measurements to infer the mass composition of cosmic rays
• Approaching the knee -- balloon-borne observations of cosmic ray composition
• Late Arriving Particles in Cosmic Ray Air Showers and AGASA's Determination of UHECR Energies

Cited by in corpus (92)

• LOFAR: The LOw-Frequency ARray
• Measurement of the Depth of Maximum of Extensive Air Showers above 10^18 eV
• The Astrophysics of Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays
• Measurements of the Cosmic Ray Composition with Air Shower Experiments
• Long-Lived Particles at the Energy Frontier: The MATHUSLA Physics Case
• The IceCube high-energy starting event sample: Description and flux characterization with 7.5 years of data
• IceTop: The surface component of IceCube
• Star-forming galaxies as the origin of diffuse high-energy backgrounds: Gamma-ray and neutrino connections, and implications for starburst history
• Constraints from the first LHC data on hadronic event generators for ultra-high energy cosmic-ray physics
• Radio detection of Cosmic-Ray Air Showers and High-Energy Neutrinos
• The Forward Physics Facility: Sites, Experiments, and Physics Potential
• Spectrum of Galactic Cosmic Rays Accelerated in Supernova Remnants
• Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays
• Radio detection of cosmic ray air showers in the digital era
• The Knee of the Cosmic Hydrogen and Helium Spectrum below 1 PeV Measured by ARGO-YBJ and a Cherenkov Telescope of LHAASO
• High-Energy Neutrino Astrophysics: Status and Perspectives
• Astrophysical Ionizing Radiation and the Earth: A Brief Review and Census of Intermittent Intense Sources
• Demystifying the PeV Cascades in IceCube: Less (Energy) is More (Events)
• All-particle cosmic ray energy spectrum measured by the HAWC experiment from 10 to 500 TeV
• Characterization of the Atmospheric Muon Flux in IceCube
• The High Energy cosmic-Radiation Detection (HERD) Facility onboard China's Future Space Station
• Neutrino Background Flux from Sources of Ultrahigh-Energy Cosmic-Ray Nuclei
• Pinning down the cosmic ray source mechanism with new IceCube data
• LORA: A scintillator array for LOFAR to measure extensive air showers
• Cosmic Ray Models
• Experimental evidence for the sensitivity of the air-shower radio signal to the longitudinal shower development
• The TIANSHAN Radio Experiment for Neutrino Detection
• Radio Quiet AGNs as Possible Sources of Ultra-high Energy Cosmic Rays
• Neutrino yield from Galactic cosmic rays
• Acceleration of cosmic rays and gamma-ray emission from supernova remnants in the Galaxy
• The ground-based large-area wide-angle gamma-ray and cosmic-ray experiment HiSCORE
• Cosmic Ray Composition and Energy Spectrum from 1-30 PeV Using the 40-String Configuration of IceTop and IceCube
• First Experimental Characterization of Microwave Emission from Cosmic Ray Air Showers
• High-Energy Cosmic Rays and the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin Effect
• Determination of the absolute energy scale of extensive air showers via radio emission: systematic uncertainty of underlying first-principle calculations
• Lateral Distribution of Muons in IceCube Cosmic Ray Events
• GW150914-like Black Holes as Galactic High-Energy Sources
• Cosmic ray spectrum of protons plus helium nuclei between 6 TeV and 158 TeV from HAWC data
• Construction and On-site Performance of the LHAASO WFCTA Camera
• GCOS -- The Global Cosmic Ray Observatory
• Gamma-Ray Astrophysics
• The Fluorescence Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory (CALOR2010 Proceedings)
• HEAT - a low energy enhancement of the Pierre Auger Observatory
• Event reconstruction techniques for the wide-angle air Cherenkov detector HiSCORE
• Angular correlation of cosmic neutrinos with ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays and implications for their sources
• Sensitivity of the Cherenkov Telescope Array to spectral signatures of hadronic PeVatrons with application to Galactic Supernova Remnants
• Comparing LOPES measurements of air-shower radio emission with REAS 3.11 and CoREAS simulations
• Measurement of the cosmic-ray energy spectrum above $10^{16}$ eV with the LOFAR Radboud Air Shower Array
• Spectral features in the cosmic ray fluxes
• Origin of Ultrahigh Energy Galactic Cosmic Rays: The Isotropy Problem
• Simulation of ultra-high energy photon propagation with PRESHOWER 2.0
• Liverpool Telescope 2: a new robotic facility for rapid transient follow-up
• High-Energy Galactic Cosmic Rays (Astro2020 Science White Paper)
• On the cosmic-ray energy scale of the LOFAR radio telescope
• On the synthesis of heavy nuclei in protomagnetar outflows and implications for ultra-high energy cosmic rays
• Precise determination of muon and electromagnetic shower contents from shower universality property
• Selected Topics in Cosmic Ray Physics
• The "Horizon-T" Experiment: Extensive Air Showers Detection
• The strong interaction at the collider and cosmic-rays frontiers
• Global characteristics of the medium produced in ultra-high energy cosmic ray collisions
• Reconciling the light component and all-particle cosmic ray energy spectra at the knee
• Condition for dust evacuation from the first galaxies
• Search for a diffuse flux of photons with energies above tens of PeV at the Pierre Auger Observatory
• The cosmic-ray spectrum in the PeV to EeV energy range
• Exploring the high energy frontiers of the Milky Way with ground-based gamma-ray astronomy: PeVatrons and the quest for the origin of Galactic cosmic-rays
• Detectors for high-energy messengers from the Universe
• A gamma-ray signature of energetic sources of cosmic-ray nuclei
• New Physics at the Tevatron and the LHC May Relate to Dark Matter Visible in UHE Cosmic Rays
• Monte Carlo Simulation of HERD Calorimeter
• Status of the Silicon Photomultiplier Telescope FAMOUS for the Fluorescence Detection of UHECRs
• Calculation of the High-Energy Neutron Flux for Anticipating Errors and Recovery Techniques in Exascale Supercomputer Centres
• Ultra high energy cosmic rays and possible signature of black strings
• Study of longitudinal development of air showers in the knee energy range
• Measurement of Radio Emission from Extensive Air Showers with LOPES
• Road map for the tuning of hadronic interaction models with accelerator-based and astroparticle data
• New physics, the cosmic ray spectrum knee, and $pp$ cross section measurements
• Investigation of Hadronic Interactions at Ultra-High Energies with the Pierre Auger Observatory
• Ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays: Anomalies, QCD, and LHC data
• Luminosity of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays and bounds on magnetic luminosity of radio-loud active galactic nuclei
• Study of High pT Muons in IceCube
• Search for the Galactic accelerators of Cosmic-Rays up to the Knee with the Pevatron Test Statistic
• Bose-Einstein condensation and muon production in ultra-high energy cosmic ray particle collisions
• Radio detection of air showers with LOFAR and AERA
• The Forward Physics Facility at the High-Luminosity LHC
• Radio detection of extensive air showers
• Investigation of the Properties of Galactic Cosmic Rays with the KASCADE-Grande Experiment
• Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays from Galactic Supernovae
• Recent results of cosmic-ray studies with IceTop at the IceCube Neutrino
• Cherenkov light from Horizontal Air Shower
• General Formulation of Topos Many-Node Theory
• Physics at the LHC: a short overview
• Why the knee at 100 PeV could not be seen?