Measurement of the Flux of Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays from Monocular Observations by the High Resolution Fly's Eye Experiment

Abstract

We have measured the cosmic ray spectrum above 10^17.2 eV using the two air fluorescence detectors of the High Resolution Fly's Eye observatory operating in monocular mode. We describe the detector, photo-tube and atmospheric calibrations, as well as the analysis techniques for the two detectors. We fit the spectrum to a model consisting of galactic and extra-galactic sources.

4 pages, 4 figures. Uses 10pt.rtx, amsmath.sty, aps.rtx, revsymb.sty, revtex4.cls

References in corpus (3)

• Energy determination in the Akeno Giant Air Shower Array experiment
• Has the GZK suppression been discovered?
• Photon yields from nitrogen gas and dry air excited by electrons

Cited by in corpus (166)

• First Observation of the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin Suppression
• From eV to EeV: Neutrino Cross Sections Across Energy Scales
• On astrophysical solution to ultra high energy cosmic rays
• The Astrophysics of Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays
• The surface detector array of the Telescope Array experiment
• Cosmic Rays from the Knee to the Highest Energies
• Cosmogenic Neutrinos: parameter space and detectabilty from PeV to ZeV
• A Study of the Composition of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays Using the High Resolution Fly's Eye
• Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray Probes of Large Scale Structure and Magnetic Fields
• Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays
• Ultra high energy cosmic rays: implications of Auger data for source spectra and chemical composition
• Lorentz Violation for Photons and Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays
• Extragalactic propagation of ultrahigh energy cosmic-rays
• High-energy Cosmic Rays
• The Cosmic-Ray Energy Spectrum between 2 PeV and 2 EeV Observed with the TALE detector in monocular mode
• Extra-galactic magnetic fields and the second knee in the cosmic-ray spectrum
• Monocular Measurement of the Spectrum of UHE Cosmic Rays by the FADC Detector of the HiRes Experiment
• GZK Photons as Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays
• On the cosmic ray spectrum from type II Supernovae expanding in their red giant presupernova wind
• Neutrinos as a diagnostic of cosmic ray Galactic/extra-galactic transition
• Photon-axion mixing and ultra-high-energy cosmic rays from BL Lac type objects -- Shining light through the Universe
• Transition from galactic to extragalactic cosmic rays
• Neutrino Detection with Inclined Air Showers
• Diffuse PeV neutrinos from EeV cosmic ray sources: semi-relativistic hypernova remnants in star-forming galaxies
• Observation of the Ankle and Evidence for a High-Energy Break in the Cosmic Ray Spectrum
• Quantum Gravity and Lorentz invariance violation in the Standard Model
• Ultra-high energy cosmic rays, cascade gamma-rays, and high-energy neutrinos from gamma-ray bursts
• Reconciling the ultra-high energy cosmic ray spectrum with Fermi shock acceleration
• High-energy neutrinos from astrophysical accelerators of cosmic ray nuclei
• Experimental Study of Acoustic Ultra-High-Energy Neutrino Detection
• Optimal Radio Window for the Detection of Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays and Neutrinos off the Moon
• Upper limit on the ultra-high-energy photon flux from AGASA and Yakutsk data
• High-Energy Astrophysics with Neutrino Telescopes
• Neutrinos: the Key to UHE Cosmic Rays
• Inhomogeneous extragalactic magnetic fields and the second knee in the cosmic ray spectrum
• Upper limit on the photon fraction in highest-energy cosmic rays from AGASA data
• Cosmic Rays: The Second Knee and Beyond
• Lorentz Invariance Violation and the Spectrum and Source Power of Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays
• Analytic calculations of the spectra of ultra-high energy cosmic ray nuclei. I. The case of CMB radiation
• Observations of Microwave Continuum Emission from Air Shower Plasmas
• Signatures of the transition from galactic to extragalactic cosmic rays
• Observing Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays with Smartphones
• Diffusion of Cosmic Rays in the Expanding Universe. II. Energy Spectra of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays
• An upper limit on the electron-neutrino flux from the HiRes detector
• Constraints on the origin of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays from cosmogenic neutrinos and photons
• Testing Lorentz Invariance with Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray Spectrum
• Air fluorescence measurements in the spectral range 300-420 nm using a 28.5 GeV electron beam
• Final Results from the High Resolution Fly's Eye (HiRes) Experiment
• Measurement of air and nitrogen fluorescence light yields induced by electron beam for UHECR experiments
• On the shape of the UHE cosmic ray spectrum
• The Energy Spectrum of Telescope Array's Middle Drum Detector and the Direct Comparison to the High Resolution Fly's Eye Experiment
• Propagation of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays above $10^{19}$ eV in a Structured Extragalactic Magnetic Field and Galactic Magnetic Field
• Cosmic Magnetic Fields and Their Influence on Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray Propagation
• Search for Point Sources of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays Above 40 EeV Using a Maximum Likelihood Ratio Test
• The footprint of large scale cosmic structure on the ultra-high energy cosmic ray distribution
• UHECR Particle Spectra from Crypton Decays
• Constraining the fraction of primary gamma rays at ultra-high energies from the muon data of the Yakutsk extensive-air-shower array
• Sensitivity of cosmic-ray experiments to ultra-high-energy photons: reconstruction of the spectrum and limits on the superheavy dark matter
• Diagnostic Potential of Cosmic-Neutrino Absorption Spectroscopy
• Measurement of Pressure Dependent Fluorescence Yield of Air: Calibration Factor for UHECR Detectors
• Neutron Majorana mass from exotic instantons
• Probing leptoquark production at IceCube
• Prospects for radio detection of ultra-high energy cosmic rays and neutrinos
• A review of experimental results at the knee
• Cosmic-ray composition and its relation to shock acceleration by supernova remnants
• Impact of Varying Atmospheric Profiles on Extensive Air Shower Observation: Fluorescence Light Emission and Energy Reconstruction
• Origin of very high and ultra high energy cosmic rays
• Absolute measurement of the nitrogen fluorescence yield in air between 300 and 430 nm
• The atmospheric transparency measured with a LIDAR system at the Telescope Array experiment
• Extra galactic sources of high energy neutrinos
• Constraints on the origin of the ultra-high energy cosmic-rays using cosmic diffuse neutrino flux limits: An analytical approach
• GZK Photons in the Minimal Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays Model
• GZK Photons Above 10 EeV
• Implications to Sources of Ultra-high-energy Cosmic Rays from their Arrival Distribution
• Acceleration and propagation of ultra high energy cosmic rays
• Spectrum and Composition of Ultra-high Energy Cosmic Rays from Semi-relativistic Hypernovae
• Extragalactic cosmic rays and their signatures
• Radio emission of highly inclined cosmic ray air showers measured with LOPES
• The yield of air fluorescence induced by electrons
• Gamma-ray bursts: Potential sources of ultra high energy cosmic-rays
• Cosmic Ray in the Northern Hemisphere: Results from the Telescope Array Experiment
• Very High Energy Cosmic Rays and Their Interactions
• Fitting the HiRes Spectra and Monocular Composition
• Non-Universal Spectra of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray Primaries and Secondaries in a Structured Universe
• A Search for Arrival Direction Clustering in the HiRes-I Monocular Data above 10^(19.5) eV
• Experimental constraints on the astrophysical interpretation of the cosmic ray Galactic-extragalactic transition region
• Comparison of air fluorescence and ionization measurements of E.M. shower depth profiles: test of a UHECR detector technique
• Cosmic UHE Neutrino Signatures
• Testing Violations of Lorentz Invariance with Cosmic Rays
• Prospects for Lunar Satellite Detection of Radio Pulses from Ultrahigh Energy Neutrinos Interacting with the Moon
• High energy cosmic rays
• Surface detectors of the TAx4 experiment
• Flipped Cryptons and the UHECRs
• Black Holes at the IceCube Neutrino Telescope
• Observing Ultra High Energy Cosmic Particles from Space: SEUSO, the Super Extreme Universe Space Observatory Mission
• Composition of UHECR and the Pierre Auger Observatory Spectrum
• Search for Global Dipole Enhancements in the HiRes-I Monocular Data above 10^{18.5} eV
• Double Pair Production by Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray Photons
• Enhancing the Pierre Auger Observatory to the 10^{17} to 10^{18.5} eV Range: Capabilities of an Infill Surface Array
• B-L Cosmic strings and Baryogenesis
• On the excess of ultra-high energy cosmic rays in the direction of Centaurus A
• A closer look at the spectrum and small scale anisotropies of UHECRs
• UHECR: Signatures and Models
• Superheavy dark matter as UHECR source versus the SUGAR data
• Selected Topics in Cosmic Ray Physics
• Search for Correlated High Energy Cosmic Ray Events with CHICOS
• Particle Diffusion and Acceleration by Shock Wave in Magnetized Filamentary Turbulence
• Gluino Air Showers as a Signal of Split Supersymmetry
• Studies of systematic uncertainties in the estimation of the monocular aperture of the HiRes experiment
• Comparison of the Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray Flux Observed by AGASA, HiRes and Auger
• A comparison study of CORSIKA and COSMOS simulations for extensive air showers
• Dependence of the Energy Spectrum of UHE Cosmic Rays on the Latitude of an Extensive Air Shower Array
• Origin of ultra-high energy cosmic rays in the era of Auger and Telescope Array
• Dip in UHECR and Transition from Galactic to Extragalactic Cosmic Rays
• A Measurement of the UHECR Spectrum with the HiRes FADC Detector
• On the possibility of primary identification of individual cosmic ray showers
• Search for Point-Like Sources of Cosmic Rays with Energies above 10^18.5 eV in the HiRes-I Monocular Data-Set
• Deep shower interpretation of the cosmic ray events observed in excess of the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin energy
• Proton acceleration beyond 100 EeV by an oblique shock wave in the jet of 3C 273
• An extended universality of electron distributions in cosmic ray showers of high energies and its application
• Acceptance of fluorescence detectors and its implication in energy spectrum inference at the highest energies
• Observations of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays
• Probing Very High Energy Prompt Muon and Neutrino fluxes and the cosmic ray knee via Underground Muons
• Z-bursts from the Virgo cluster
• Theoretical Challenges in Acceleration and Transport of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays: A Review
• Enhancing the Relative Fe-to-Proton Abundance in Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays
• Latest Results from HiRes
• Experimental Ultra--High-Energy Cosmic Ray Physics
• What do the highest-energy cosmic-ray data suggest about possible new physics around 50 TeV?
• Non-collider searches for stable massive particles
• Interactions of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays with photons in the galactic center
• Recent developments in cosmic ray physics
• Possibility of Using a Satellite-Based Detector for Recording Cherenkov Light from Ultrahigh-Energy Extensive Air Showers Penetrating into the Ocean Water
• Study of the High Energy Gamma-ray Emission from the Crab Pulsar with the MAGIC telescope and Fermi-LAT
• The Unreasonable Effectiveness of the Air-Fluorescence Technique in Determining the EAS Shower Maximum
• Detection prospects of the Telescope Array hotspot by space observatories
• Effects of the Energy Error Distribution of Fluorescence Telescopes on the UHECR energy spectrum
• Ultra-high energy cosmic rays: from GeV to ZeV
• Abnormal threshold behaviors of photo-pion production off the proton in the GZK region
• Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays and Neutrinos
• Astronomy with ultra high-energy particles
• Ultrahigh energy cosmic rays from collisional annihilation revisited
• Probing Lorentz Invariance at EeV Energy
• The transition from galactic to extragalactic cosmic rays
• Measurement of air fluorescence light yield induced by an electromagnetic shower
• Effects of atmospheric electric fields on detection of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays
• The Pierre Auger Observatory -Status and Prospects -
• The shower size parameter as estimator of extensive air shower energy in fluorescence telescopes
• A relook at the GZK Neutrino-Photon Connection: Impact of Extra-galactic Radio Background & UHECR properties
• The MIDAS Experiment: A New Technique for the Detection of Extensive Air Showers
• Progenitor model of Cosmic Ray knee
• On the cosmic ray spectrum from type II Supernovae
• Towards solving the mass-composition problem in ultra high energy cosmic rays
• Particle Spectra and Mass Composition in the Ultra-High Energy Region in the Framework of the Galactic Origin of Cosmic Rays
• Bilateral constraints on proton Lorentz violation effects
• On The Injection Spectrum of Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays in the Top-Down Scenario
• Detectors for Cosmic Rays on Ground and in Space
• The end of the galactic cosmic ray spectrum
• Prospects for discovery of physics beyond the Standard Model at the Pierre Auger Observatory
• The ubiquitous mechanism accelerating cosmic rays at all the energies
• Measurement of Smartphone Sensor Efficiency to Cosmic Ray Muons
• Testing Relativity at High Energies Using Spaceborne Detectors
• Open questions with ultra-high energy cosmic rays
• Bounds on neutrino masses from baryogenesis in thermal and non-thermal scenarios
• The Search for Anisotropy in the Arrival Directions of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays Observed by the High Resolution Fly's Eye Detector in Monocular Mode
• GZK photons as UHECR above 10${}^{19}$ eV