Origin of Ultrahigh Energy Galactic Cosmic Rays: The Isotropy Problem

Abstract

We study the propagation of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECR) in the Galaxy, concentrating on the energy range below the ankle in the spectrum at 4 EeV. A Monte-Carlo method, based on analytical solutions to the time-dependent diffusion problem, is used to account for intermittency by placing sources at random locations. Assuming a source population that scales with baryon mass density or star formation (e.g. long GRB), we derive constraints arising from intermittency and the observational limits on the composition and anisotropy. It is shown that the composition and anisotropy at 1e18 eV are difficult to reproduce and require that either a) the particle mean free path is much smaller than a gyroradius, implying the escape time is very long, b) the composition is heavier than suggested by recent Auger data, c) the ultrahigh-energy sub-ankle component is mostly extragalactic, or d) we are living in a rare lull in the ultrahigh-energy cosmic-ray production, and the current ultrahigh-energy cosmic-ray intensity is far below the Galactic time average. We therefore recommend a strong observational focus on determining the UHECR composition around 1e18 eV.

Astrophysical Journal, in press, acknowledgements added

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Cited by in corpus (12)

• Cosmic Ray Anisotropy as Signature for the Transition from Galactic to Extragalactic Cosmic Rays
• Particle acceleration in relativistic outflows
• Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Ray Nuclei from Extragalactic Pulsars and the effect of their Galactic counterparts
• Understanding TeV-band cosmic-ray anisotropy
• Large scale distribution of arrival directions of cosmic rays detected above $10^{18}$ eV at the Pierre Auger Observatory
• The Role of Structured Magnetic Fields on Constraining Properties of Transient Sources of Ultra-high-energy Cosmic Rays
• Cosmic Rays around $10^{18}$eV: Implications of Contemporary Measurements on the Origin of the Ankle Feature
• The isotropy problem of Sub-ankle Ultra-high energy cosmic rays
• A signature of EeV protons of Galactic origin
• Imprints of PeV cosmic-ray sources on the diffuse gamma-ray emission
• Is the Galactic Cosmic Ray Spectrum Constant in Time?
• Observational constraints on accelerators of ultra-high energy cosmic rays