High Resolution Radio Astronomy Using Very Long Baseline Interferometry

Abstract

Very Long Baseline Interferometry, or VLBI, is the observing technique yielding the highest-resolution images today. Whilst a traditionally large fraction of VLBI observations is concentrating on Active Galactic Nuclei, the number of observations concerned with other astronomical objects such as stars and masers, and with astrometric applications, is significant. In the last decade, much progress has been made in all of these fields. We give a brief introduction into the technique of radio interferometry, focussing on the particularities of VLBI observations, and review recent results which would not have been possible without VLBI observations.

77 pages, needs aas_macros.sty, accepted by Reports on Progress in Physics

References in corpus (150)

• Unified Schemes for Radio-Loud Active Galactic Nuclei
• Viewing the Shadow of the Black Hole at the Galactic Center
• Stellar Orbits Around the Galactic Center Black Hole
• The distance to the Orion Nebula
• The Proper Motion of Sgr A*: II. The Mass of Sgr A*
• High Proper Motion Stars in the Vicinity of Sgr A*: Evidence for a Supermassive Black Hole at the Center of Our Galaxy
• Polarimetric Observations of 15 Active Galactic Nuclei at High Frequencies: Jet Kinematics from Bimonthly Monitoring with the Very Long Baseline Array
• The Supermassive Black Hole at the Galactic Center
• A 4% Geometric Distance to the Galaxy NGC4258 from Orbital Motions in a Nuclear Gas Disk
• Convection-Dominated Accretion Flows
• Advection-Dominated Accretion Model of Sagittarius A*: Evidence for a Black Hole at the Galactic Center
• Sub-milliarcsecond Imaging of Quasars and Active Galactic Nuclei III. Kinematics of Parsec-Scale Radio Jets
• The supermassive black hole of M87 and the kinematics of its associated gaseous disk
• Multi-Epoch VLBA Observations of EGRET-Detected Quasars and BL Lac Objects: Superluminal Motion of Gamma-Ray Bright Blazars
• Sub-milliarcsecond Imaging of Quasars and AGN
• DiFX: A software correlator for very long baseline interferometry using multi-processor computing environments
• A Geometric Determination of the Distance to the Galactic Center
• The Difference between Radio-Loud and Radio-Quiet Active Galaxies
• MOJAVE: Monitoring of Jets in AGN with VLBA Experiments - I. First-Epoch 15 GHz Linear Polarization Images
• The VLBA Calibrator Survey - VCS1
• A Warped Accretion Disk and Wide Angle Outflow in the Inner Parsec of the Circinus Galaxy
• AU-Scale Synchrotron Jets and Superluminal Ejecta in GRS 1915+105
• A Jet-ADAF model for Sgr A*
• Polarization and structure of relativistic parsec-scale AGN jets
• A size of ~1 AU for the radio source Sgr A* at the centre of the Milky Way
• The Vela Pulsar's proper motion and parallax derived from VLBI observations
• Magnetic Driving of Relativistic Outflows in Active Galactic Nuclei. I. Interpretation of Parsec-Scale Accelerations
• The Proper Motion of SgrA*: I. First VLBA Results
• The VLBA Imaging and Polarimetry Survey at 5 GHz
• Relativistic models and the jet velocity field in the radio galaxy 3C 31
• The Inner Jet of the Radio Galaxy M87
• Relativistic Beaming and the Intrinsic Properties of Extragalactic Radio Jets
• VLBA Measurement of Nine Pulsar Parallaxes
• Radio Sources in Low-Luminosity Active Galactic Nuclei. III. "AGNs" in a Distance-Limited Sample of "LLAGNs"
• Detection of the Intrinsic Size of Sagittarius A* through Closure Amplitude Imaging (includes Online Supporting Material)
• The Geometry of and Mass Accretion Rate through the Maser Accretion Disk in NGC 4258
• The Distribution of H2O Maser Emission in the Nucleus of NGC 4945
• VLBA determination of the distance to nearby star-forming regions I. The distance to T Tauri with 0.4% accuracy
• Getting Its Kicks: A VLBA Parallax for the Hyperfast Pulsar B1508+55
• Multi-Epoch VLBA Observations of EGRET-Detected Quasars and BL Lac Objects: Connection between Superluminal Ejections and Gamma-Ray Flares in Blazars
• Multiwaveband Polarimetric Observations of 15 Active Galactic Nuclei at High Frequencies: Correlated Polarization Behavior
• The Measurement of the Light Deflection from Jupiter: Experimental Results
• Distance to Orion KL Measured with VERA
• The Intrinsic Size of Sagittarius A* from 0.35 cm to 6 cm
• VLBA determination of the distance to nearby star-forming regions II. Hubble 4 and HDE 283572 in Taurus
• Sco X-1: The Evolution and Nature of the Twin Compact Radio Lobes
• VLBI Images of 49 Radio Supernovae in Arp 220
• Are quasar jets dominated by Poynting flux?
• The Geometric Distance and Proper Motion of the Triangulum Galaxy (M33)
• A magnetically collimated jet from an evolved star
• High Frequency VLBI Imaging of the Jet Base of M87
• VLBA Absorption Imaging of Ionized Gas Associated with the Accretion Disk in NGC 1275
• Astrometry of Galactic Star Forming Region Sharpless 269 with VERA : Parallax Measurements and Constraint on Outer Rotation Curve
• Jet stability and the generation of superluminal and stationary components
• Evidence for a Geometrically Thick Self-Gravitating Accretion Disk in NGC 3079
• Time-sequenced Multi-Radio-Frequency Observations of Cygnus X-3 in Flare
• Observations of HI Absorbing Gas in Compact Radio Sources at Cosmological Redshifts
• Rapid Variability and Annual Cycles in the Characteristic Time-scale of the Scintillating Source PKS 1257-326
• The Nature of Radio-Intermediate Quasars: What is Radio-Loud and what is Radio-Quiet?
• VLBA Imaging of Central Engines in Radio Quiet Quasars
• A View through Faraday's Fog 2: Parsec Scale Rotation Measures in 40 AGN
• Interstellar scintillation as the origin of rapid radio variability in the quasar J1819+3845
• Intrinsic Size OF Sgr A*: 72 Schwarzschild Radii
• Astrometric accuracy of phase-referenced observations with the VLBA and EVN
• Radio Variability of Radio Quiet and Radio Loud Quasars
• A supermassive binary black hole in the quasar 3C345
• B1422+231: The influence of mass substructure on strong lensing
• First Results from MASIV: The Micro-Arcsecond Scintillation-Induced Variability Survey
• The Nuclear Regions of the Seyfert Galaxy NGC 4151 - Parsec-scale HI Absorption and a Remarkable Radio Jet
• The Discovery of H2O Maser Emission in Seven AGN and at High Velocities in the Circinus Galaxy
• Circular Polarization of Water Masers in the Circumstellar Envelopes of Late Type Stars
• A movie of a star: multi-epoch VLBA imaging of the SiO masers towards the Mira variable TX Cam
• Sub-Milliarcsecond Imaging of Quasars and Active Galactic Nuclei. II. Additional Sources
• Detection and Measurement of Parsec-Scale Circular Polarization in Four AGN
• Analysis of 6cm VLBI polarization observations of a complete sample of northern BL Lacertae Objects
• The Flaring H2O Megamaser and Compact Radio Source in Mrk 348
• Monthly 43 GHz VLBA Polarimetric Monitoring of 3C120 over 16 Epochs: Evidence for Trailing Shocks in a Relativistic Jet
• Annual modulation in the scattering of J1819+3845: peculiar plasma velocity and anisotropy
• MOJAVE: Monitoring of Jets in AGN with VLBA Experiments - II. First-Epoch 15 GHz Circular Polarization Results
• The magnetic field around late-type stars revealed by the circumstellar H2O masers
• Obscuration of the Parsec Scale Jets in the Compact Symmetric Object 1946+708
• A View through Faraday's fog: Parsec scale rotation measures in AGN
• Structure of Sagittarius A* at 86 GHz using VLBI Closure Quantities
• The Magnetic Field in the Star-forming Region Cepheus A from Water Maser Polarization Observations
• Extragalactic H_2O masers and X-ray absorbing column densities
• Intrinsic Differences in the Inner Jets of High- and Low-Optically Polarized Radio Quasars
• The Hubble constant from gravitational lens CLASS B0218+357 using the Advanced Camera for Surveys
• Annual modulation in IDV of quasar 0917+624 due to Interstellar Scintillation
• New H2O masers in Seyfert and FIR bright galaxies
• Superluminal non-ballistic jet swing in the quasar NRAO 150 revealed by mm-VLBI
• Parsec-Scale Circular Polarization Observations of 40 Blazars
• Deceleration in the Expansion of SN1993J
• The Origin and Motion of PSR J0538+2817 in S147
• The host galaxy/AGN connection in nearby early-type galaxies. A new view of the origin of the radio-quiet/radio-loud dichotomy?
• The ATCA Intraday Variability Survey of Extragalactic Radio Sources
• Toward a New Geometric Distance to the Active Galaxy NGC4258: I. VLBI Monitoring of Water Maser Emission
• Discovery of Water Maser Emission in Eight AGN with 70-m Antennas of NASA's Deep Space Network
• A Green Bank Telescope Search for Water Masers in Nearby Active Galactic Nuclei
• A Supernova Factory in the Merger System Arp 299
• VLBA measurement of the transverse velocity of the magnetar XTE J1810-197
• The role of Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in the internal structure of relativistic outflows. The case of the jet in 3C 273
• 3D Hydrodynamic Simulations of Relativistic Extragalactic Jets
• The Proper Motion of the Local Group Galaxy IC 10
• Spectral Evolution of The Parsec-Scale Jet in The Quasar 3C345
• Structure and flux variability in the VLBI jet of BL Lacertae during the WEBT campaigns (1995--2004)
• Ten milliparsec-scale structure of the nucleus region in Centaurus A
• High resolution observations and mass modelling of the CLASS gravitational lens B1152+199
• VLBI Polarimetry of 177 Sources from the Caltech-Jodrell Bank Flat-spectrum Survey
• The VSOP 5-GHz AGN Survey: IV. The Angular Size/Brightness Temperature Distribution
• Constraints on the Proper Motion of the Andromeda Galaxy Based on the Survival of Its Satellite M33
• Very Energetic Gamma-Rays from Microquasars and Binary Pulsars
• Model-Dependence of Shapiro Time Delay and the "Speed of Gravity/Speed of Light" Controversy
• EVN+MERLIN Observations of Radio-Intermediate Quasars: Evidence for Boosted Radio-Weak Quasars
• Global VLBI Observations of Compact Radio Sources in M82
• Improved VLBI astrometry of OH maser stars
• The Sub-parsec Scale Radio Properties of Southern Starburst Galaxies. I. Supernova Remnants, the Supernova Rate, and the Ionised Medium in the NGC 253 Starburst
• AGN and starbursts at high redshift: High resolution EVN radio observations of the Hubble Deep Field
• The Sub-Luminal Parsec-scale Jet of Mkn 501
• The Sizes of 1720 MHz OH Masers: VLBA and MERLIN Observations of the Supernova Remnants W44 and W28
• 2016+112: A Gravitationally Lensed Type-II Quasar
• Theoretical Models for Producing Circularly Polarized Radiation in Extragalactic Radio Sources
• Modeling Helical Structures in Relativistic Jets
• High Levels of Circularly Polarized Emission from the Radio Jet in NGC 1275 (3C 84)
• Sub-milliarcsecond Imaging of SgrA* and M87
• SiO masers in TX Cam: Simultaneous VLBA observations of two 43 GHz masers at four epochs
• Evidence for a Circumnuclear Disk in 1946+708
• Testing the inverse-Compton catastrophe scenario in the intra-day variable blazar S5 0716+71: II. A search for intra-day variability at millimetre wavelengths with the IRAM 30 m telescope
• Jet-cloud collisions in the jet of the Seyfert galaxy NGC3079
• Milli-arcsecond--scale Spectral Properties and Jet Motions in M87
• The IDV source J1128+5925, a new candidate for annual modulation?
• Measuring the brightness temperature distribution of extragalactic radio sources with space VLBI
• Intraday Variability in Northern Hemisphere Radio Sources
• The OH (1720 MHz) Supernova Remnant Masers in W28: MERLIN and VLBA Polarization Observations
• The Pearson-Readhead Survey of Compact Extragalactic Radio Sources From Space. II. Analysis of Source Properties
• A search for extragalactic H2O maser emission towards IRAS galaxies - Detection of a maser from an infrared-luminous merger, NGC6240
• Dual frequency VSOP imaging of the jet in S5 0836+710
• Physical properties of the jet in 0836+710 revealed by its transversal structure
• The Fastest Relativistic Jets: VLBA Observations of Blazars with Apparent Speeds Exceeding 25c
• Deep VLBI Imaging of Faint Radio Sources in the NOAO Bootes Field
• In the Shadow of the Accretion Disk: Higher Resolution Imaging of the Central Parsec in NGC 4261
• A deep search for pulsar wind nebulae using pulsar gating
• Space-VLBI Polarimetry of the BL Lac Object S5 0716+714: Rapid Polarization Variability in the VLBI core
• The Accretion Geometry in Radio-Loud Active Galaxies
• Frequency-dependent time delays for strong outbursts in four blazars from the Metsahovi and UMRAO monitoring databases
• Linear Polarization Observations of Water Masers in W3 IRS5
• Comment on 'Model-dependence of Shapiro time delay and the "speed of gravity/speed of light" controversy'
• A VLBI Search for Radio Supernovae in Wolf Rayet Galaxies
• Intraday Radio Variability in Active Galactic Nuclei
• Probing the Circular Polarization of Relativistic Jets on VLBI Scales
• Reply to ``Comment on Model-dependence of Shapiro time delay and the `speed of gravity/speed of light' controversy''

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• Constraints on dark matter annihilation from the Event Horizon Telescope Observations of M87${}^{\star }$
• Resolving the blazar CGRaBS J0809+5341 in the presence of telescope systematics
• High-resolution radio imaging of two luminous quasars beyond redshift 4.5
• SPARCS-North Wide-field VLBI Survey: Exploring the resolved MicroJy extra-galactic radio source population with EVN+e-MERLIN