Nuclear Spin Effects in Optical Lattice Clocks

Abstract

We present a detailed experimental and theoretical study of the effect of nuclear spin on the performance of optical lattice clocks. With a state-mixing theory including spin-orbit and hyperfine interactions, we describe the origin of the ${}^1{S}_0$-${}^3{P}_0$ clock transition and the differential g-factor between the two clock states for alkaline-earth(-like) atoms, using ${}^{87}$Sr as an example. Clock frequency shifts due to magnetic and optical fields are discussed with an emphasis on those relating to nuclear structure. An experimental determination of the differential g-factor in ${}^{87}$Sr is performed and is in good agreement with theory. The magnitude of the tensor light shift on the clock states is also explored experimentally. State specific measurements with controlled nuclear spin polarization are discussed as a method to reduce the nuclear spin-related systematic effects to below 10${}^{-17}$ in lattice clocks.

13 pages, 12 figures, submitted to PRA

References in corpus (9)

• Compact, thermal-noise-limited optical cavity for diode laser stabilization at 1 x 10-15
• Observation of the 1S0 - 3P0 clock transition in 27Al+
• ${}^{87}$Sr lattice clock with inaccuracy below 10${}^{-15}$
• Optical atomic coherence at the one-second time scale
• Optical clocks based on ultra-narrow three-photon resonances in alkaline earth atoms
• Improved frequency measurement of a one-dimensional optical lattice clock with a spin-polarized fermionic ${}^{87}$Sr isotope
• Narrow Line Photoassociation in an Optical Lattice
• Cooling and trapping of ultra-cold strontium isotopic mixtures
• Dynamic cancellation of ac Stark shift for pulsed EIT/Raman optical lattice clocks

Cited by in corpus (6)

• Sr lattice clock at 1x10^{-16} fractional uncertainty by remote optical evaluation with a Ca clock
• Alkaline-Earth-Metal Atoms as Few-Qubit Quantum Registers
• The absolute frequency of the 87Sr optical clock transition
• Probing Interactions between Ultracold Fermions
• An Optical Lattice Clock with Spin-polarized 87Sr Atoms
• Measurement of the quadratic Zeeman shift of ^{85}Rb hyperfine sublevels using stimulated Raman transitions