Hyperfine quenching of the metastable ${}^3{P}_{0,2}$ states in divalent atoms

Abstract

Hyperfine quenching rates of the lowest-energy metastable ${}^3{P}_0$ and ${}^3{P}_2$ states of Mg, Ca, Sr, and Yb atoms are computed. The calculations are carried out using ab initio relativistic many-body methods. The computed lifetimes may be useful for designing novel ultra-precise optical clocks and trapping experiments with the $3P_2$ fermionic isotopes. The resulting natural widths of the ${}^3{P}_0-{>}^1{S}_0$ clock transition are 0.44 mHz for ${}^{25}$Mg, 2.2 mHz for ${}^{43}$Ca, 7.6 mHz for ${}^{87}$Sr, 43.5 mHz for ${}^{171}$Yb, and 38.5 mHz for ${}^{173}$Yb. Compared to the bosonic isotopes, the lifetime of the $3P_2$ states in fermionic isotopes is noticeably shortened by the hyperfine quenching but still remains long enough for trapping experiments.

10 pages, 1 figure, submitted to Phys. Rev. A

References in corpus (4)

• Possibility of an ultra-precise optical clock using the $6^1{S}_0\to 6^3{P}_0^o$ transition in ${}^{171,173}$Yb atoms held in an optical lattice
• Magnetic trapping of metastable ${}^3{P}_2$ atomic strontium
• A clock transition for a future optical frequency standard with trapped atoms
• Efficient magneto-optical trapping of Yb atoms with a violet laser diode

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