Molecules Near Absolute Zero and External Field Control of Atomic and Molecular Dynamics

Abstract

This article reviews the current state of the art in the field of cold and ultracold molecules and demonstrates that chemical reactions, inelastic collisions and dissociation of molecules at subKelvin temperatures can be manipulated with external electric or magnetic fields. The creation of ultracold molecules may allow for spectroscopy measurements with extremely high precision and tests of fundamental symmetries of nature, quantum computation with molecules as qubits, and controlled chemistry. The probability of chemical reactions and collisional energy transfer can be very large at temperatures near zero Kelvin. The collision energy of ultracold atoms and molecules is much smaller than perturbations due to interactions with external electric or magnetic fields available in the laboratory. External fields may therefore be used to induce dissociation of weakly bound molecules, stimulate forbidden electronic transitions, suppress the effect of centrifugal barriers in outgoing reaction channels or tune Feshbach resonances that enhance chemical reactivity.

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Cited by in corpus (106)

• Feshbach Resonances in Ultracold Gases
• Cold and Ultracold Molecules: Science, Technology, and Applications
• Controlling the quantum stereodynamics of ultracold bimolecular reactions
• Quantum Gas of Deeply Bound Ground State Molecules
• Quantum control of molecular rotation
• Optical pumping and vibrational cooling of molecules
• Cold polar molecules in 2D traps: Tailoring interactions with external fields for novel quantum phases
• Rydberg trimers and excited dimers bound by internal quantum reflection
• Statistical Aspects of Ultracold Resonant Scattering
• Magnetic trapping and Zeeman relaxation of imidogen (NH X-triplet-Sigma)
• Hyperfine, rotational, and vibrational structure of the triplet ground state of Rb molecules
• Repulsive shield between polar molecules
• Molecule formation in ultracold atomic gases
• Controlling electronic spin relaxation of cold molecules with electric fields
• Inelastic collisions of ultra-cold heteronuclear molecules in an optical trap
• The X${}^1{\Sigma }^{+}$ and a${}^3{\Sigma }^{+}$ states of LiCs studied by Fourier-transform spectroscopy
• Low-energy molecular collisions in a permanent magnetic trap
• Ultracold Rb-OH collisions and prospects for sympathetic cooling
• Controlling collisions of ultracold atoms with dc electric fields
• Electrostatic extraction of cold molecules from a cryogenic reservoir
• Ultracold polar molecules near quantum degeneracy
• Formation of ultracold LiCs molecules
• Laser cooled molecules
• Molecular collisions in ultracold atomic gases
• Ultracold atom-molecule collisions and bound states in magnetic fields: tuning zero-energy Feshbach resonances in He-NH (3Sigma-)
• Prospects for the cavity-assisted laser cooling of molecules
• A cryogenic beam of refractory, chemically reactive molecules with expansion cooling
• Control of reactive collisions by quantum interference
• Dispersion interactions and reactive collisions of ultracold polar molecules
• Electrostatic trapping of metastable NH molecules
• Magnetic field modification of ultracold molecule-molecule collisions
• Alternating gradient focusing and deceleration of large molecules
• Scattering lengths in isotopologues of the RbYb system
• Quantum calculations of H2-H2 collisions: from ultracold to thermal energies
• Vibrational energy transfer in ultracold molecule - molecule collisions
• Mechanism of Collisional Spin Relaxation in Triplet-Sigma Molecules
• Quantum Simulations of Extended Hubbard Models with Dipolar Crystals
• Cold collisions of OH and Rb. I: the free collision
• Production and deceleration of a pulsed beam of metastable NH ($a^1\Delta$) radicals
• Opto-Electrical Cooling of Polar Molecules
• Efficient formation of ground state ultracold molecules via STIRAP from the continuum at a Feshbach resonance
• Quantum theory of chemical reactions in the presence of electromagnetic fields
• Multichannel Quantum Defect Theory for cold molecular collisions
• Dark resonances for ground state transfer of molecular quantum gases
• Feshbach resonances in ultracold 85Rb
• The prospects of sympathetic cooling of NH molecules with Li atoms
• Magnetic trapping of atomic nitrogen (14^N) and cotrapping of NH (X-triplet-Sigma-)
• Cold Reactions of Alkali and Water Clusters inside Helium Nanodroplets
• Cold collisions of N atoms and NH molecules in magnetic fields
• Improved setup for producing slow beams of cold molecules using a rotating nozzle
• Quantum state resolved molecular dipolar collisions over four decades of energy
• Nonadiabatic transitions in electrostatically trapped ammonia molecules
• Ultracold chemistry with alkali-metal-rare-earth molecules
• Dramatic reductions in inelastic cross sections for ultracold collisions near Feshbach resonances
• Atomic Rydberg Reservoirs for Polar Molecules
• Prospects for sympathetic cooling of molecules in electrostatic, ac and microwave traps
• Complete quantum coherent control of ultracold molecular collisions
• Formation of molecular oxygen in ultracold O + OH reaction
• Molecular vibrational cooling by Optical Pumping with shaped femtosecond pulses
• Efficient formation of deeply bound ultracold molecules probed by broadband detection
• Formation of deeply bound molecules via chainwise adiabatic passage
• Velocity-selected molecular pulses produced by an electric guide
• Engineering an all-optical route to ultracold molecules in their vibronic ground state
• Internal-state thermometry by depletion spectroscopy in a cold guided beam of formaldehyde
• Molecular Collisions: from Near-cold to Ultra-cold
• Trapping of Neutral Rubidium with a Macroscopic Three-Phase Electric Trap
• Cold collisions of complex polyatomic molecules
• Cold SO_2 molecules by Stark deceleration
• Controlling ultracold chemical reactions via Rydberg-dressed interactions
• Hyperfine, rotational and Zeeman structure of the lowest vibrational levels of the ${}^{87}$Rb${}_2$ $\tripletex$ state
• Quantum Defect Theory for Cold Chemistry with Product Quantum State Resolution
• Geometric Phase Effects in the Ultracold D + HD $\to$ D + HD and D + HD $\leftrightarrow$ H + D${}_2$ Reactions
• Collisional effects in the formation of cold guided beams of polar molecules
• Cavity-controlled ultracold chemistry
• Precision molecular spectroscopy for ground state transfer of molecular quantum gases
• Transport of polar molecules by an alternating gradient guide
• Numerical modeling of collisional dynamics of Sr in an optical dipole trap
• Phase space structure and escape time dynamics in a Van der Waals model for exothermic reactions
• Theory of cavity-assisted microwave cooling of polar molecules
• Classical approach to collision complexes in ultracold chemical reactions
• Formation of Ultracold Heteronuclear Dimers in Electric Fields
• Cavity cooling of translational and ro-vibrational motion of molecules: ab initio-based simulations for OH and NO
• Guiding slow polar molecules with a charged wire
• Study of dipole moments of LiSr and KRb molecules by quantum Monte Carlo methods
• Ion-assisted ground-state cooling of a trapped polar molecule
• Spectroscopy of formaldehyde in the 30140-30790cm^-1 range
• Quantum Noise in the Collective Abstraction Reaction A+B ${}_2\to$ AB+B
• Deceleration of continuous molecular beams
• Rainbow scattering in rotationally inelastic collisions of HCl and H${}_2$
• Magnetic properties and quench dynamics of two interacting ultracold molecules in a trap
• Quantum Defect Theory description of weakly bound levels and Feshbach resonances in LiRb
• Zeeman relaxation of MnH (X7Σ+) in collisions with 3He: mechanism and comparison with experiment
• A Model for Scattering with Proliferating Resonances: Many Coupled Square Wells
• Enhancing molecular conversion efficiency by a magnetic field pulse sequence
• Theoretical study of the quenching of NH (singlet Delta) molecules via collisions with Rb atoms: preliminary results
• Ultracold collisions of molecules
• Collisional Quenching at Ultralow Energies: Controlling Efficiency with Internal State Selection
• Coherent bimolecular reactions with quantum-degenerate matter waves
• Ultracold and dense samples of ground-state molecules in lattice potentials
• Near-threshold scaling of resonant inelastic collisions at ultralow temperatures
• Manipulation of atom-to-molecule conversion in a magnetic lattice
• State Selective Preparation and Nondestructive Detection of Trapped ${\mathrm{O}}_2^{+}$
• Doppler cooling of gallium atoms: 2. Simulation in complex multilevel systems
• Molecule-molecule and atom-molecule collisions with ultracold RbCs molecules
• Rigorous quantum calculations for atom-molecule chemical reactions in electric fields: from single to multiple partial wave regimes
• Asymptotic behavior of correlation functions of one-dimensional polar-molecules on optical lattices