Doppler cooling of gallium atoms: 2. Simulation in complex multilevel systems

Abstract

This paper derives a general procedure for the numerical solution of the Lindblad equations that govern the coherences arising from multicoloured light interacting with a multilevel system. A systematic approach to finding the conservative and dissipative terms is derived and applied to the laser cooling of gallium. An improved numerical method is developed to solve the time-dependent master equation and results are presented for transient cooling processes. The method is significantly more robust, efficient and accurate than the standard method and can be applied to a broad range of atomic and molecular systems. Radiation pressure forces and the formation of dynamic dark-states are studied in the gallium isotope 66Ga.

15 pages, 8 figures

References in corpus (3)

• Cold and Ultracold Molecules: Science, Technology, and Applications
• Molecule formation in ultracold atomic gases
• Damped Population Oscillation in a Spontaneously Decaying Two-Level Atom Coupled to a Monochromatic Field

Cited by in corpus (1)

• Gaussian and sinc shaped few-cycle pulse driven ultrafast coherent population transfer in lambda- like atomic systems