The ratio of proton's electric to magnetic form factors measured by polarization transfer

Abstract

The ratio of the proton's elastic electromagnetic form factors was obtained by measuring the transverse and longitudinal polarizations of recoiling protons from the elastic scattering of polarized electrons with unpolarized protons. The ratio of the electric to magnetic form factor is proportional to the ratio of the transverse to longitudinal recoil polarizations. The ratio was measured over a range of four-momentum transfer squared between 0.5 and 3.5 GeV-squared. Simultaneous measurement of transverse and longitudinal polarizations in a polarimeter provides good control of the systematic uncertainty. The results for the ratio of the proton's electric to magnetic form factors show a systematic decrease with increasing four momentum squared, indicating for the first time a marked difference in the spatial distribution of charge and magnetization currents in the proton.

5 pages, 2 figures, version of paper after corrections due to referees comments and shortened by removing one figure for Physical Review Letters

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• Subtleties of Lorentz Invariance in Relativistic Constituent Quark Models of the Nucleon and the Spin-Dependent Quark Density
• Neutron electric form factor at large momentum transfer
• The Dirac Form Factor Predicts the Pauli Form Factor in the Endpoint Model
• Charge-asymmetric correlations in elastic lepton- and antilepton-proton scattering from real photon emission
• Electromagnetic Pion and Nucleon Form Factors at Positive and Negative $q^2$ Within the Framework of Quark-Gluon Strings Model
• Extraction of proton form factors in the timelike region from unpolarized e+e- --> p pbar events
• Transverse charge densities in the nucleon in nuclear matter
• Polarization transfer in ${\vec{e}}^{+}p\to e^{+}\vec{p}$ scattering using the Super BigBite Spectrometer
• Electromagnetic form factors and polarizations of non-Dirac particles with rest spin 1/2
• Neutron structure effects in the deuteron and one neutron halos
• Phenomenological insight into JLab proton polarization data puzzle by deuteron impulse approximation
• Review of Rotational Symmetry Breaking in Baby Skyrme Models
• The ${}^3$He$(e,e^{\prime }p{)}^2$H and ${}^4$He$(e,e^{\prime }p{)}^3$H reactions at high momentum transfer
• The Proton Form Factor Ratio Measurements at Jefferson Lab
• Spin rotation as an element of polarization experiments on elastic electron-proton scattering
• Electromagnetic nucleon form factors in the extended vector meson dominance model
• On the Transfer of Polarization from the Initial to the Final Proton in the Elastic Process $e\vec{p}\to e\vec{p}$
• Elastic nucleon form factors
• The electromagnetic form factors and spin polarization of ${\Lambda }_c^{+}$ in the process $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\Lambda }_c^{+}{\bar{\Lambda }}_c^{-}$
• Proton Radius: A Puzzle or a Solution!?
• Improved radiative corrections and proton charge form factor from the Rosenbluth separation technique
• Search for damped oscillating structures from charged pion electromagnetic form factor data
• Description of inclusive scattering of 4.045 GeV electrons from D
• Flavour structure of the nucleon electromagnetic form factors and transverse charge densities in the chiral quark-soliton model
• Zero Modes in Electromagnetic Form Factors of the Nucleon in a Light-Cone Diquark Model
• The Proton Electromagnetic Form Factor $F_2$ and Quark Orbital Angular Momentum
• Two-photon exchange in electron-trinucleon elastic scattering
• Electroweak form factors of baryons in dense nuclear matter
• Resonances contribution to two-photon exchange effects and possible large forward-backward asymmetry in $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to p\bar{p}$
• Extraction of proton form factors in the timelike region from single-polarized e+ e- -> \vec p anti-p events
• Inclusive scattering data on light nuclei as a precision tool for the extraction of G_M^n
• Two Photon Exchange Contributions to Elastic ep Scattering in the Nonlocal Field Formalism
• Nucleon Structure from Basis Light-Front Quantization : Status and Prospects
• Sea contribution to the charge radii and quadrupole moment of $J^P={\frac{1}{2}}^{+},{\frac{3}{2}}^{+}$ baryons
• $\Delta$ contribution in $e^{+}+e^{-}\to p+\bar{p}$ at small $s$
• Two-Boson Exchange Physics: A Brief Review
• Neutron Charge Radius: Relativistic Effects and the Foldy Term
• Reliability Analysis of the Results of the Known Experiments on Measuring of the Sachs Form Factor Ratio Using the Rosenbluth Technique. Polarization of the Final Proton in the $e\vec{p}\to e\vec{p}$ Elastic Process
• Hadron Spin Dynamics
• Ratio of the proton electromagnetic form factors from meson dressing
• Angular Dependence of the Polarization Transfer to the Proton in the $e\vec{p}\to e\vec{p}$ Process
• Physics at an Upgraded Fermilab Proton Driver
• Overview of nucleon structure studies
• Precise method for the determination of the neutron electric form factor based on a relativistic analysis of the process $d(e,e'n)p
• The Nucleon Elastic Form Factors
• Two-Photon Effects in Lepton-AntiLepton Pair Photoproduction from a Nucleon Target using Real Photons
• Target normal single-spin asymmetry in inclusive electron-nucleon scattering with two-photon exchange: Analysis using $1/N_c$ expansion
• Violations of Lorentz Covariance in Light Front Quark Models
• Target normal single-spin asymmetry in inclusive electron-nucleon scattering in the 1/Nc expansion
• Nucleon Form Factors in a Light-Cone Quark Model with Two-Photon Exchange
• Melosh Construction Of Relativistic Three-Quark Baryon Wave Functions
• Impact of new particles on the ratio of Electromagnetic form factors
• Magnetic moment operator of non-Dirac particles and some elements of polarization $ep$-experiments
• A measurement of two-photon exchange in Super-Rosenbluth separations with positron beams
• Two Photon Exchange Contributions to Elastic e + p --> e + p Process in a Nonlocal Field Formalism
• Exact Relations for Two-Photon-Exchange Effect in Elastic $ep$ Scattering by Dispersion Relation and Hadronic Model
• Electromagnetic form factors of ${\Lambda }_c$ in the Bethe-Salpeter equation approach
• Logarithmic corrections and soft photon phenomenology in the multipole model of the nucleon form factors
• Resonance Contributions to Radiative Corrections in Charged-Current Elastic (Anti)Neutrino-Nucleon Scattering at GeV Energies
• Investigation of the internal structure of the deuteron against the background of two-photon exchange effects in elastic electron-deuteron scattering
• Electromagnetic radiative corrections in parity-violating electron-proton scattering
• Electromagnetic proton form factors in dual large-$N_c$ QCD: an update
• Super-Rosenbluth Measurements with Electrons and Positrons
• Flavor content of nucleon form factors in the space- and time-like region
• Images of the Origin of Mass
• Unpolarized nucleon structure studies utilizing polarized electromagnetic probes
• On the electromagnetic form factors of the proton from generalized Skyrme models
• Manifestation of the JLab proton polarization data on the behaviour of strange nucleon form factors
• Tortuous ways to the extraction of neutron observables from inclusive lepton scattering
• Prediction of neutron electromagnetic form factors behaviors just by the proton electromagnetic form factors data
• Nucleon axial-vector form factor and radius from future neutrino experiments
• Tagged-photon events in polarized DIS process
• The topological approach to baryon-antibaryon and meson production in rapidly expanding Bjorken rods