Avalanches, Barkhausen Noise, and Plain Old Criticality

Abstract

We explain Barkhausen noise in magnetic systems in terms of avalanches near a plain old critical point in the hysteretic zero-temperature random-field Ising model. The avalanche size distribution has a universal scaling function, making non-trivial predictions of the shape of the distribution up to 50\% above the critical point, where two decades of scaling are still observed. We simulate systems with up to $1000^3$ domains, extract critical exponents in 2, 3, 4, and 5 dimensions, compare with our 2d and $6-\epsilon$ predictions, and compare to a variety of experimental Barkhausen measurements.

12 pages, 2 PostScript figures. Pedagogical introduction with mpeg movies available at http://www.lassp.cornell.edu/LASSP_Science.html

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