Critical Point of an Interacting Two-Dimensional Atomic Bose Gas

Abstract

We have measured the critical atom number in an array of harmonically trapped two-dimensional (2D) Bose gases of rubidium atoms at different temperatures. We found this number to be about five times higher than predicted by the semi-classical theory of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) in the ideal gas. This demonstrates that the conventional BEC picture is inapplicable in an interacting 2D atomic gas, in sharp contrast to the three-dimensional case. A simple heuristic model based on the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless theory of 2D superfluidity and the local density approximation accounts well for our experimental results.

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• Bose-Einstein condensation and Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in 2D Nonlinear Schrödinger model
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• Breathing mode of two-dimensional atomic Fermi gases in harmonic traps
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• Thermodynamics of ultracold trapped gases. Generalized mechanical variables, equation of state and heat capacity
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• Universal correlations and coherence in quasi-two-dimensional trapped Bose gases
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• Transition region properties of a trapped quasi-two-dimensional degenerate Bose gas
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• Atomic Quantum Corrals for Bose-Einstein Condensates
• Dimensional crossover of Bose-Einstein condensation phenomena in quantum gases confined within slab geometries
• Phase transition dimensionality crossover from two to three dimensions in a trapped ultracold atomic Bose gas
• Exact Dynamics of Multicomponent Bose-Einstein Condensates in Optical Lattices in One, Two and Three Dimensions
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• Quantitative test of mean-field description of a trapped two-dimensional Bose gas
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• Density ripples in expanding low-dimensional gases as a probe of correlations
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