Universal Scaling of the Dynamic BKT Transition in Quenched 2D Bose Gases

Abstract

While renormalization group theory is a fully established method to capture equilibrium phase transitions, the applicability of RG theory to universal non-equilibrium behavior remains elusive. Here we address this question by measuring the non-equilibrium dynamics triggered by a quench from superfluid to thermal phase across the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in a 2D Bose gas. We quench the system by splitting the 2D gas in two and probe the relaxation dynamics by measuring the phase correlation function and vortex density via matter-wave interferometry. The dynamics occur via a two-step process of rapid phonon thermalization followed by slow dynamic vortex unbinding. We demonstrate universal scaling laws for the algebraic exponents and vortex density, supported by classical-field simulations, and show their agreement with the real-time RG theory.

References in corpus (12)

• Experimental Observation of a Generalized Gibbs Ensemble
• Critical Dynamics of Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking in a Homogeneous Bose gas
• Observation of scale invariance and universality in two-dimensional Bose gases
• Critical Point of an Interacting Two-Dimensional Atomic Bose Gas
• The trapped two-dimensional Bose gas: from Bose-Einstein condensation to Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless physics
• Critical Dynamics of a Two-dimensional Superfluid near a Non-Thermal Fixed Point
• Connecting Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless and BEC phase transitions by tuning interactions in a trapped gas
• Exploring the Kibble-Zurek mechanism with homogeneous Bose gases
• Semiclassical theory of the quasi two-dimensional trapped Bose gas
• Observation of the BKT Transition in a 2D Bose Gas via Matter-Wave Interferometry
• Universal Scaling of the Dynamic BKT Transition in Quenched 2D Bose Gases
• Formation of spontaneous density-wave patterns in DC driven lattices

Cited by in corpus (17)

• Universal Scaling of the Dynamic BKT Transition in Quenched 2D Bose Gases
• Finite-time scaling beyond the Kibble-Zurek prerequisite in Dirac systems
• Quantum Simulations with Bilayer 2D Bose Gases in Multiple-RF-dressed Potentials
• Nonequilibrium Critical Dynamics with Emergent Supersymmetry
• The global phase diagram of the cluster-XY spin chain with dissipation
• Observation of a Bilayer Superfluid with Interlayer Coherence
• Driven Critical Dynamics in Tricitical Point
• Detecting Phase Coherence of 2D Bose Gases via Noise Correlations
• Measurement of total phase fluctuation in cold-atomic quantum simulators
• Simulating Quantum Turbulence with Matrix Product States
• From inverse-cascade to sub-diffusive dynamic scaling in driven disordered Bose fluids
• Finite-time scaling with two characteristic time scales: Driven critical dynamics with emergent symmetry
• Coarsening of binary Bose superfluids: an effective theory
• Anomalous Landau damping and algebraic thermalization in two-dimensional superfluids far from equilibrium
• CNN-Based Vortex Detection in Atomic 2D Bose Gases in the Presence of a Phononic Background
• Controlled generation of 3D vortices in driven atomic Josephson junctions
• Persistence of the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition with long-range couplings