Evidence for a Massive Black Hole in the S0 Galaxy NGC 4342

Abstract

We have constructed axisymmetric dynamical models of the edge-on S0 galaxy NGC 4342: simple two-integral Jeans models as well as fully general, three-integral models using a modified version of Schwarzschild's orbit superposition technique. The two-integral models suggest a black hole (BH) of 3 or $6\times 10^8{M}_{\odot }$, depending on the data set. The three-integral models can fit all ground-based and HST data simultaneously, but only when a central BH is included. Models without BH are ruled out at better than 99.73% confidence level. We determine a BH mass of $3.0_{-1.0}^{+1.7}\times 10^8{M}_{\odot }$. This corresponds to 2.6% of the bulge mass, making NGC 4342 one of the galaxies with the highest BH mass to bulge mass ratio currently known.

4 pages, 3 figures (2 color). Contributed Talk at "Galaxy Dynamics", Rutgers University, New Jersey, August 8-12, 1998

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